开放竞争保护管理：外商进入中国商业零售业的思考

开放竞争保护管理——外商进入中国商业零售业的思考·洪涛·一、外商进入中国的商业零售业及其发展对外商开放中国商业零售业是我国全面对外开放的一个重要组成部分。１９９２年，随着我国经济发展速度的加快和改革力度的加大，我国决定开放商业零售领域，引入外商进入的...     

中国零售业信息化的突破口在哪里

自1992年开放零售业以来，外资在国内商业领域中注入的比例逐年增多，但随着加入WTO后中国零售对外开放政策的进一步放宽和外资零售企业在中国本土化进程的深入，未来外资零售企业的在华动向令业内人士关注。特别是全球最大的零售商业企业沃尔玛进入中国市场，将会给中国的零售业市场带来什么样的冲击?外资零售企业与零售商业在中国将会有什么样的发展?     

中国零售业

2004年12月11日对中国的商业，特别是商业零售业来说，是个难忘的日子。按照中国加入WTO时的承诺，这一天是我国入世后零售业全面开放最后过渡期的截止日。为了履行我国对世贸组织的承诺，由商务部颁布的《外商投资商业领域管理办法》也于今年6月1日起施行。根据这个《办法》，从今年12月l1日起，中国对外资零售服务业设立的市场准入和资本准入限制将全面放开。面对即将全面抢占国内市场的外资零售巨头，我国的零售食业应该如何应对挑战呢?     

武汉零售企业核心竞争力研究

中国进入世贸组织后,给我国的零售业市场带来了机遇,同时,也给我国的商业零售业带来了巨大的冲击。作为九省通衢的商业重镇,武汉本土零售企业如何应对国际化大的零售财团的挑战,如何提升武汉本土零售企业的核心竞争力,本文拟就此做一点探讨。     

对抗赛如何赢—我国零售业面对外商进入的决策

与其他行业相比，我国零售业的对外开放是相当谨慎，并采取了逐步推进的方式。1992年我国决定开放商业零售领域，只允许外商在11个城市试办一至两个合资零售企业，规定了不得经营批发业务等比较苛刻的限制条件。到1997年8月止，全国经国务院批准的中外合资大型零售企业只有18家。但随着中国入世进程加快，我国出台了一些新政策，这些新政策极大地促进外资零售业在中国的发展，到2000年来，共有305家零售企业在中国营业，外资企业的全部零售额达到了526亿元。外商进入中国零售业的特点有：     

有序渐进:把握我国零售商业对外开放战略的度

有序渐进：把握我国零售商业对外开放战略的度郭冬乐李越近几年，随着我国对外开放领域的扩大和加入世界贸易组织谈判步伐的加快，商业流通领域尤其是零售业对外开放已经成为社会各界共同关心的热点问题。我国零售商业对外开放始于１９９２年，短短几年时间，零售商业对外...     

政府应在商业网点规划上有更大作为

随着中国零售业的快速发展和国外零售企业的加入,导致我国零售企业的竞争越来越激烈,零售行业迫切需要一部《城市商业网点条例》来引导和保证零售业健康、有序、和谐地竞争与发展。     

对家电零售商“大跃进”式竞争的启示

近年来,连锁业快速发展,已成为当代中国商业的突出现象。家电连锁销售企业作为新兴商业业态的典型代表,在当今商战中攻城略地,所向披靡,独领风骚,这成为当代中国商业领域的突出现象。本文从中国家电零售业面临中国零售业全面开放的形势出发,对家电零售业态的发展特点及存在的问题展开一一论述,从而结合国外一些成功案例,得出中国家电零售业发展的一些启示。     

零售元年的冲击波

2005年的中国零售业是在不平静中度过的。2004年底，我国商业领域特别是零售业基本取消了对外商投资商业企业的数量、地域和股权比例限制，开始转入全面开放。正因为如此，2005年被称为“零售元年”。     

零售元年的冲击波

2005年的中国零售业是在不平静中度过的.2004年底,我国商业领域特别是零售业基本取消了对外商投资商业企业的数量、地域和股权比例限制,开始转入全面开放.正因为如此,2005年被称为“零售元年“. 　　……     

零售专业技能的跨国转移与零售本土化问题研究

零售专业技能的跨国转移与零售本土化问题是零售国际化理论研究的一个重要环节,对跨国零售商海外经营的成败有着重要的作用。本文对零售专业技能的内涵与构成进行了全新的界定,认为零售专业技能由零售技术、零售文化以及零售业态三部分构成,每一部分又可以分解成固化性与操作性两个层面,在此基础之上构建起零售专业技能跨国转移的理论框架,认为零售专业技能的固化性层面在跨国转移过程中应该进行标准化的复制,而操作性层面则可以进行不同程度的本土化调整,进而论文围绕零售专业技能操作性层面在跨国转移过程中的调整行为深入分析了跨国零售本土化边界与策略问题。     

中国零售学术研究现状分析——基于CSSCI(2000-2005)的研究

在中文社会科学引文索引（CSSCI）数据库中，对我国6年来（2000—2005）零售学术论文进行了检索，对检索数据在零售学术期刊构成、论文内容和方法、学者队伍三个方面进行了分析。研究结果表明：刊载零售学术论文的期刊数量百余种，但是还没有专门的零售学术期刊；零售学术论文主题分布于零售战略、国际化、连锁经营、零售业态等15个方面，研究方法以实证定性研究为主；发表两篇以上论文的学者有41人，专业化的零售学者队伍有待形成。     

Moderating effect of customer's retail format perception on customer satisfaction formation: An empirical study of mini-supermarkets in an urban retail market setting

Customer perceptions of retail formats have become ambiguous with new value-added features of traditional retail formats. Hence, this paper proposes a framework for explaining retail patronage formation under the condition that customers perceive the ambiguity of retail format boundaries. The moderating effect of customers' retail format perceptions on customer satisfaction is examined using data from Japanese mini-supermarket customers. Results indicate that customers' perceptions of retail formats partially influence customer satisfaction. Theoretically, this implies that considering retail format as a concept that customers construct a posteriori may be necessary and practically indicates that retail practitioners should manage customers’ retail format perception.     

区域商贸流通发展与公路交通水平计量分析

基于灰色关联模型的计量分析,发现地区商贸流通业发展与公路交通基础设施水平具有较强的关联性:在公路里程、公路客运量、公路货运量和民用汽车拥有量中,民用汽车拥有量是最重要的影响因素,公路货运量次之;在社会消费品零售总额、市的零售额、县的零售额、县以下的零售额、批发和零售业零售额、住宿和餐饮业零售额中,公路交通基础设施对县以下的零售额的影响程度最大,对批发和零售业零售额的影响程度次之。     

流通供应链视角下实体零售业转型“新零售”路径研究

近年来,中国实体零售业发展越发艰难,"新零售"的出现成为传统零售业摆脱困境的曙光。作为新兴商业模式,"新零售"既是中国传统零售业发展的新推动力,也是未来实体零售业转型升级的重要选择。文章从流通供应链视角出发,分析了"新零售"业态发展的背景,实体零售业转型"新零售"存在的问题,并据此进行路径分析。     

Designing retail - Unravelling coping strategies through emphatic interviewing owner managers.

This research aims at demonstrating how retail designers through empathic interviewing and listening to the story that retailers tell about their retail concept, can program the retail design task, identify inconsistencies not thought of using the “retail design thematic map” developed and give better advice to retailers.Using independent retail as case the article sheds light on the empathic interview as method, strengthens retail design as a relevant discipline for retail strategy, and clarifies the role of emotion in the client – retailer relation regarding strategizing.     

城市商业网点规划理论框架构建

目前我国城市商业网点规划编制工作全面展开,构建城市商业网点规划的理论框架对于今后各地编制城市商业网点规划具有重要的现实意义。在分析城市商业网点的发展趋势与商业网点规划理论依据的基础上,探讨我国城市商业网点规划的主要内容,认为核心内容是商业网点空间布局,商业业态规划及商业网点发展的激励与规制政策,构建我国城市商业网点规划的理论框架。     

Consumer product search and purchase behaviour using various retail channels: the role of perceived retail usefulness

The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of consumers' perceptions of retail usefulness for product information search and their previous purchase satisfaction on their frequencies of product information search and product purchase behaviours for apparel products. These relationships were investigated in five retail settings – Internet shopping, catalogue shopping, television shopping, local retail shopping, and non‐local retail shopping. One hundred seventy‐six students in a US Midwestern university provided usable responses. The results of causal model analyses showed that the proposed model fits the data well for all five retail channels. Consumers who perceived a certain retail channel more useful for product information search searched for product information more frequently via that retail channel, and purchased products more often via that retail channel. Consumers who were more satisfied with apparel purchases from a retail channel purchased the products more frequently via that retail channel. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.     

Predictors and effects of retail brand equity – A cross-sectoral analysis

Although retailers increasingly seek to position themselves as strong, attractive, and unique brands, little is known about differences in retail branding among different retail sectors. This study analyzes the importance of perceived retail attributes for consumer-based retail brand equity (RBE), particularly the varying roles of these attributes in important retail sectors, and the effects of RBE on intentional loyalty. The authors examine empirical data on 2112 consumer evaluations of retail firms in the grocery, fashion, electronics, and DIY sectors and apply multi-group structural equation modeling. The results indicate that the importance of retail attributes for RBE varies among the different sectors, but a strong and stable link between RBE and consumers' intentional loyalty is evident across retail sectors. The sector-specific and cross-sectoral observations in this study provide managers with specific knowledge on the main levers of RBE in different retail contexts.     

Do Retail Foreign Direct Investment Restrictions Affect Retail Channel Structure?

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the existing retail channel structure research by investigating the impact of retail foreign direct investment (FDI) restrictions on retail channel structure as well as the moderating impact of a country's level of economic development on this relationship. Using a panel data set of 79 countries over the period 1999–2012, we show that retail FDI restrictions can influence retail channel structure development and that the relationship between retail FDI restrictions and retail channel structure is moderated by a country's level of economic development.