居家养老模式探讨

随着中国家庭户的“小型化”和“高龄化”趋势,家庭原有的养老功能面临挑战。在完整的社会保障体系尚未建立的情况下,国家没有足够的财力来应对众多老年人的养老需求。因此,建立依托社区的居家养老方式应该是适合我国国情的一种新型社会养老模式。     

居家养老模式探讨

随着中国家庭户的“小型化”和“高龄化”趋势，家庭原有的养老功能面临挑战。在完整的社会保障体系尚来建立的情况下，国家没有足够的财力来应对众多老年人的养老需求。因此，建立依托社区的居家养老方式应该是适合我国国情的一种新型养老模式。     

“居家养老”新型养老模式研究

随着社会的进步,传统家庭养老模式已不能适应人口老龄化社会的现实需要。西方发达国家建立在高福利基础上的完全社会化养老模式也不适合我国现实国情。居家养老模式把家庭养老和社会养老有机结合起来,能够做到扬长避短,优势互补。中国政府应把居家养老作为社会养老体系建设的重要组成部分,统一规划,制定扶持政策,积极培育专业化水平的服务人才队伍。     

解决我国农村养老的方式选择及立法价值取向

解决农村养老问题本着建立以家庭养老为主导,社会养老保险,商业养老保险等多种形式并存的农村养老保障体系的基本思路,构筑我国农村养老法律体系通过构建和不断完善农村养老法律体系来规范农村养老已是大势所趋.     

连锁养老机构发展的前景及可行性分析

我国人口老龄化快速发展的趋势加上“421家庭”、“空巢家庭”、“失能、半失能老人家庭”等多种养老问题的叠加,使我国社会养老保障体系面临严峻挑战,养老保障和养老服务需求将持续上升。在养老机构开始积极推进市场化的大背景下,采用连锁经营模式推进养老机构的改革与发展,不但能够缓解一部分养老压力,还能给养老服务的发展带来新的局面。     

以房养老的运行机制探讨

现下,我国已经步入了人口老龄化时代,然而养老保障体系却并不完备,造成家庭结构发生改变,最终导致全社会领域的养老问题矛盾日渐突出,因而建立新型的养老保障模式就显得十分重要.“以房养老”这一名词在公众视野中出现的频次愈来愈高,现已成为社会养老保障体系的重要补充角色,在我国部分城市开始了试点,为以后全国性的延展做准备.     

社区服务与养老保障体系

对我国目前经济发展水平的家庭赡养功能、家庭结构的变化、养老机构设施存在的问题等方面进行分析,提出居家养老和规范的社区服务相结合,以家庭养老为基础,社区养老服务为依托,机构养老为补充,将是未来养老社会保障体系的发展趋势,社区服务在养老保障方面具有不可替代的作用。     

“没有院墙的养老院”——社区化居家养老模式

我国目前正处于人口老龄化加速期,人口结构和家庭结构模式变迁,伦理道德思想的影响,传统的家庭养老模式已经不能满足现实的养老需求。在我国“未富先老”进入老龄化社会的情况下,构建一个符合我国国情的社会养老服务体系,并显得尤为迫切。我们应在总结前阶段居家养老试点工作经验的基础上,努力学习国外先进的养老模式,探索出一条符合实际的社区居家养老路径。     

我国社区居家养老模式初探

随着我国在1999年提前进入老龄化社会和我国传统家庭模式的改变,我国老年人养老问题日益受到社会各界的广泛关注。本文试图通过对我国老年人养老现状的分析,论证当前我国老年人养老体系中社区居家养老的必要性,并在此基础上为完善社区居家养老寻求可资借鉴的对策。     

社区服务与养老保障体系

对我国目前经济发展水平的家庭赡养功能、家庭结构的变化、养老机构设施存在的问题等方面进行分析,提出居家养老和规范的社区服务相结合,以家庭养老为基础,社区养老服务为依托,机构养老为补充,将是未来养老社会保障体系的发展趋势,社区服务在养老保障方面具有不可替代的作用.     

图书馆服务信息化发展分析

网络环境给图书馆的信息服务带来了巨大的改变,也提出了更高、更新的要求,因此,图书馆应及时的分析用户信息需求的特点,调整服务方式,为用户提供优质的信息服务.文章分析了网络环境下图书馆信息服务的特点以及拓展图书馆信息服务的对策及对其未来的展望.     

Ethics and services marketing

The area of services marketing is a highly crucial one for potential ethical violations. The services industry, which drives over two-thirds of our national economy, is about to experience severe changes due to increasing competition. The temptation to make ethical compromises will pose a dramatic threat to the business climate.We review conceptual approaches to the field of marketing ethics and conclude that existing models often lack an important component which affects ethical decision-making. That component includes the interorganizational variables: the primary task environment, including immediate customers and suppliers to the buyer and seller; the secondary task environment, comprised of suppliers and customers to the immediate suppliers and customers, competitors, and regulatory agencies, and the macro-environment, those broader forces which impinge on the activities in the primary and secondary task environments.We suggest various propositions for circumstances under which unethical behavior is likely to occur within the interorganizational domain. The overarching framework is that of service industries in an increasingly competitive environment.Dr. Ellen Kennedy and Dr. Leigh Lawton are associate professors in the Department of Marketing at the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota. They have published articles in theJournal of Business Ethics andIndustrial Marketing Management on the topics of using fiction to teach business ethics and workforce socialization.     

客户服务全新境界——广告和营销公司客户关系管理秘笈

威汉是一个非常年轻的公司,刚刚两岁,但它的管理层都具有10年、20年的经验。从名称里看,“WE”代表独立的身份,“我们掌控我们的运营,掌控我们的业务”,也代表中西合璧。在广告行业竞争越来越激烈的环境中,威汉立志于在品牌和传播基础之上,打造定制性的营销服务模式和解决方案,把系统自上而下和自下而上的方式结合在一起,把品牌传播和以策划为核心结合在一起。     

我国服务业产业内贸易浅析

纵观改革开放30多年来,我国服务贸易总体表现出总量增长与连年逆差并存,贸易结构以传统劳动密集型为主,竞争力总体较弱三大特点.在此基础之上,通过计算我国服务业产业内贸易GL指数,可知我国服务业基本处于高产业内贸易水平,但产业内贸易仍以劳动密集型行业为主;而如保险服务等资本技术密集型行业则以产业间贸易为主.     

Marketing-based tangibilisation for services

This study attempts to explore how to decrease the intangibility of services by marketing-based activities, rather than the conventional perspective based on operational activities. Based on the literature, this study builds a four-element model to circumscribe and define the managerial problems caused by the intangibility of services. Moreover, this study proposes four strategies to raise consumers' sense of tangibility toward services, namely Quantitation/Ranking, Factualisation/Substantialisation, Word-of-Mouth Effect, and Information Frequency. Following this, three services, i.e., cafeteria, extension education, and ophthalmology services, are selected as scenarios to conduct the experiments. The results indicate that the four strategies can improve the tangibility of services sufficiently, especially Quantitation/Ranking. This study also builds a three-construct, nine-item Services Tangibility Scale to measure consumers' perceptions of tangibility toward a particular service. Statistical evidence confirms the reliability, and discriminate and convergent validity of the scale.     

Developing countries and services

Most developing countries have shown reluctance towards the inclusion of trade in services in the normal GATT negotiating framework, as demanded by industrialised countries. What are the reasons for their scepticism?     

Innovation,consumption and services: encapsulation and the combinatorial role of services

This article explores a phenomenon termed here as ‘encapsulation’. Part of this process is the trend in secondary (manufacturing) and primary (agricultural and resource-based) companies towards providing service products that are related to the goods they produce. The study attempts a more distinctive approach of considering the innovation process within services by considering the issue of service consumption, both in combination with manufactured goods and separately on their own (associated with the issue of utility in consumption process). It also analyses the life span of consumption and use are considered; with analysis moving away from the perspective of a single act of consumption towards the ongoing use and utility of the service (or good with it) being consumed.