Organizational Virtue and Stakeholder Interdependence: An Empirical Examination of Financial Intermediaries and IPO Firms

Organizational virtue orientation (OVO), an organizational-level construct, refers to the integrated set of beliefs and values that support ethical character traits and virtuous behaviors. To advance the study of organizational virtue, we examine OVO in firms making their initial public offerings (IPOs), with respect to key external stakeholders that serve as financial intermediaries (i.e., venture capital firms and underwriting banks). Drawing on stakeholder and resource dependence theories, we argue that mutual interdependencies occur between financial intermediaries and IPO firms such that venture capital firms’ ownership levels and underwriter reputation are positively associated with the selection of more virtuous IPO firms. We also argue for the moderating relationship of IPO firm age on these main relationships; since IPO firms have more history and information availability, less importance will be placed on OVO in the selection process. In support of our hypotheses, the results of this study suggest the organizational virtue of IPO firms influences the selection decisions of financial intermediaries by reflecting positively on these key stakeholders to improve legitimacy and reputation.     

动态能力与自主创新能力关系的实证研究

以国内汽车业内企业作为分析对象,首先对于动态能力与自主创新能力的内涵、维度进行了文献研究和问卷设计,然后构建了关于企业动态能力与自主创新能力关系的结构方程模型,实证研究表明:我国汽车业内企业动态能力对于自主创新能力具有正向影响作用,但是动态能力的各个能力维度对于自主创新能力的各个能力维度的作用机理不同.     

Organizational Learning: An Empirical Assessment of Process in Small U.K. Manufacturing Firms

Organizational learning is increasingly being mentioned in the literature as a mechanism for assisting small firm survival. There exists, however, limited empirical evidence to validate the benefits claimed for the concept. A survey of small U.K. manufacturing firms was undertaken to ascertain whether entrepreneurial firms use higher-order (or double-loop) learning. Additional research aims included assessing whether organizational learning confers information management advantages and contributes to the upgrading of managerial competencies. The results suggest entrepreneurial firms do utilize higher-order learning and are able to manage information more effectively than non-entrepreneurial firms. Some evidence was found to support the view that higher-order learning influences certain managerial competencies. The implications of these findings are discussed and proposals presented on the needs for further research     

中小企业技术创新能力与成长性关系的实证研究

以深圳证券交易所中小企业板上市公司为样本,采用2005—2008年的年度报表数据,运用因子分析和逐步回归分析的研究方法,探寻中小企业技术创新能力和企业成长性之间的相关关系。研究结果表明,中小企业技术创新(技改)产品销售收入比重与企业的规模扩张能力呈显著正相关关系,而研发(技改)费用比重与企业的盈利能力呈显著负相关关系。     

Green Innovation and Performance: The View of Organizational Capability and Social Reciprocity

Synthesizing insights from a dynamic capability perspective and social network theory, this study identifies the factors influencing green innovation and examines the relationships between influencing factors, green innovation, and performance. This study uses structural equation modeling to test the research hypotheses. The results indicate that dynamic capability, coordination capability, and social reciprocity are significant drivers of green innovation, including green product innovation and green process innovation. Green product and process innovation have positive effects on environmental performance and organizational performance. These findings are relevant to firms in quest of green management and innovation.     

Target Costing,Business Model Innovation,and Firm Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Chinese Firms

Market orientation theory was used to relate the implementation of target costing systems and business model innovation to firm performance using a sample of 189 electronics and information industry manufacturers in China. As expected, the implementation of target costing was positively associated with both business model innovations and firm performance. Further, the diversity of product development teams was also crucial. It positively moderated the association between target costing and business model innovation. Finally, the business model innovation was positively related to firm performance. Copyright © 2012 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

外包是否影响了中国制造业企业的研发创新——基于微观数据的实证研究

越来越多的企业正趋向于将企业内的非核心工序外包给国内或者国外企业进行生产和加工,企业的外包对其研发创新行为是否有影响是极为重要的研究命题。本文利用世界银行营商环境调查对中国企业的问卷调查,就外包对中国制造业企业研发创新行为的影响进行了实证检验。研究结果发现:首先,外包对中国制造业企业的研发创新具有显著影响,外包工序的企业相比未外包工序的企业更加倾向于进行研发创新并具有更大的研发投资额;其次,外包不仅提高了中国制造业企业的研发倾向与研发投资,同样促使了企业增强产品创新与生产流程工艺的改进;最后,具有更强契约安全感、更低融资约束的企业,外包对企业研发创新的促进将更加明显。总体上看,外包活跃了中国制造业企业的研发创新活动。     

Environmental Hostility and Firm Behavior—An Empirical Examination of New Technology-Based Firms on Science Parks

Firms often respond to challenging environmental conditions, such as those in high-technology environments. Thus, in a hostile environment, the intensity of competition exerts more pressure on the firm and also a greater necessity for firm behavior. This study was conducted with empirical data collected in 1999 from 134 small firms on science parks in Sweden. The discussion in this paper is focused at the firm level. Analysis of firm behavior was conducted using a multivariate approach. The content of firm-level behavior is defined in terms of the firm's overall collection of business practices and competitive tactics. The investigation of customer preferences and competitors are the manifestations of the firm's more basic strategic direction and how the firm will reach the markets. Two different types of firms were analyzed: university spin-offs (USOs) and corporate spin-offs (CSOs). The importance of the science park was included in the study as a control variable. The variable showed whether the firms had received support from a science park. This study indicated that the relations between change of marketing activities and long-term forecasting are strongest for both USOs and CSOs. The long-term forecasting, technology–importance of science park, was another key factor. This is exemplified by the two samples used in this study.     

FDI对我国自主创新能力影响的实证研究

本文运用我国30个省、市、自治区1998-2006年的数据,从全国专利总体及分类角度,计量检验了外商直接投资(FDI)对我国自主创新能力的影响。研究发现:FDI对我国总体专利申请产生了显著的正面溢出效应,对发明专利的申请没有显著影响,对于实用新型和外观设计专利则产生了明显的溢出效应。结果表明:我国目前的管理制度不太利于自主创新能力的提高,而经济发展水平及科技人力资本投入是我国自主创新能力提高的两个重要影响因素。     

外商直接投资与区域创新能力——基于省际面板数据的实证研究

文章利用1999～2008年我国省际面板数据,实证分析了FDI技术溢出对我国自主创新能力提升的具体影响。研究结果表明,FDI技术溢出对我国自主创新能力提升有明显的正面效应,但这种溢出效应主要体现在外观设计和实用新型专利授权量上,对发明专利的授权量没有显著影响。对东、中、西部地区的进一步分析表明,FDI对中国东、中部地区的外观设计、实用新型创新能力具有较显著的溢出效应,而对西部地区影响不显著。     

我国民营高新技术企业自主创新能力建设模式研究——来自广东的实证研究

当前我国民营高科技企业在技术能力建设方面机遇与挑战并存,从技术创新模式和技术能力演化理论角度看,企业建设持续自主创新能力的路径主要有:与用户需求同步发展,积累技术力量;培育客户,搭建平台,利用核心优势整合平台资源,模仿创新,集成创新;利用我国的资源比较优势,从降低成本入手,形成自己的技术特征,升级技术等级;产学研结合,完善知识产权制度,积极参与技术标准的制定,在充分借助外脑的基础上提升自己的自主创新能力。     

Organizational Innovation Capability: A Driver for Competitive Superiority in Marketing Channels

This paper investigates the interplay between innovation and competitive superiority in the context of channel management by adopting a capabilities view. The relevance for channel marketing and management scholars is that we developed an environment-strategy-value contingency model to address the focal phenomenon. Our empirical results clearly support the key argument that managerial and technological innovations play an essential role in understanding of how competitive superiority is achieved in constantly evolving marketing channels. As such, our contingency factors involved have a significant intermediate role in each of the research contexts examined, indicating that the innovation capability has a channel specific profile.     

Building Capability for Organizational Success: An Emerging Market Perspective

In the world of business, developing the capability to succeed in the marketplace is a sine qua non for most organizations. An examination of studies on firm competitiveness indicates that market orientation, outsourcing, and technology transfer provide firms with the basis for building capability to succeed in the business environment. Nonetheless, in a developing nation context, the comparative influences of market orientation, outsourcing, and technology transfer on organizational success among foreign and local firms when considered together in a combined framework is yet to be investigated empirically. To gain clearer insights, three pathways through which market orientation, outsourcing, and technology transfer improve organizational success in Ghana are postulated. Findings of this study suggest that among foreign and Ghanaian businesses, there are variations in the contributions of market orientation, outsourcing, and technology transfer to developing capability and impacting on organizational success.     

Organizational Isomorphism and Corruption: An Empirical Research in Russia

Based on neo-institutional literature, this article aims to show the influence of organizational isomorphism on corruption. The focus is institutional explanations of corruption. Our model is based on empirical research in Russia at the end of the 1990s. A face-to-face questionnaire was conducted with 552 top executives in private firms across various economic sectors. We used the structural equation model Partial Least Squares, PLS, technique to test our hypotheses. The developed model provides an integrated approach to the study of the relationship between corruption and organizational isomorphism. Our empirical data from firms in Russia allowed us to test various theoretical hypotheses concerning the influence of organizational isomorphism on corruption. Our emphasis is on the influence of competitive and institutional isomorphism on corruption.     

出口和生产率:基于异质性企业的实证研究综述

新新贸易理论框架下异质性企业出口和生产率的关系可以用两种假说来概括——"自我选择出口"和"出口导致增长"。文章回顾了十多年来学者们用各个国家的企业数据对这两种假说的验证,对比和评析了相关的研究方法、研究结论、实证结果的原因等,对我国出口企业"生产率悖论"的原因进行总结与探讨,并提出了未来的研究思路与方向。     

Linking Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: The Role of Organizational Learning Capability and Innovation Performance

This research contributes to the entrepreneurial orientation (EO)–performance literature by offering a wider picture that includes two intermediate steps: organizational learning capability (OLC) and innovation performance. This study also provides an explanation of intra‐industry firm performance differences by focusing on EO. We use structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses on a data set from Italian and Spanish ceramic tile producers. The results support our conceptual model and demonstrate its usefulness in explaining differences in intra‐industry firm performance. Findings suggest that OLC and innovation performance should be enhanced by managers in order to boost the positive EO–performance link.     

Dysfunctional Customer Behavior Severity: An Empirical Examination

Although many studies assume that customers monotonically act in both a functional and a good-mannered way during exchange, considerable anecdotal evidence suggests that customers routinely behave negatively and often disrupt otherwise functional encounters. However, to date, rigorous empirical evidence of this phenomenon is lacking. This study synthesizes extant literature from a broad range of areas and advances two alternative conceptions of the factors associated with dysfunctional customer behavior severity. That is, after controlling for a variety of factors, the authors suggest that psychological obstructionism, disaffection with service, and servicescape variables are significantly associated with the severity of deliberate dysfunctional customer acts. The results provide insights for researchers interested in the darker side of service dynamics and generate useful implications for services practitioners charged with reducing the severity and the frequency of episodes of deviant customer behavior.