强化机构业务自律监管的引导效能

近年来,商业银行机构业务发展方兴未艾,有力地促进了金融业务多元化和精细化管理,同时,机构业务自律监管作为商业银行与银行、保险、证券三大监管部门监管对接也逐步浮出水面。商业银行要正确处理好机构业务经营和自律监管的关系,从风险管理的角度,以加快发展的眼光来审视机构业务,强化自律监管在风险控制、协调发展、市场细分、机制创新上的引导效能。     

“偿二代”下我国保险监管的博弈分析

如何加强保险业的监管,使其健康有序地发展,一直是我国保险业的一个热点话题。通过以博弈论作为工具来分析保险监管,可以清楚地了解保险公司与监管机构在监管过程中的策略选择,找出能够影响保险公司和监管机构行为选择的关键因素,从中分析得到保险监管部门提高监管效率的有效措施,     

我国农村保险市场监管研究

保险监管是指保险监管机构履行行政管理职能,依照法律法规统一监督全国保险市场的活动。公共利益监管理论认为,政府监管的存在是为了修正低效率或不公正的市场行为。政府对农村保险业实施监管是一种政府干预经济的行为,科学合理的政府干预,对于维护市场机制正常运行、及时纠正市场缺陷、防范各类风险非常必要。     

统一监管与分业监管的成本有效性分析

一、问题的提出 金融监管组织结构在具体形式上可以归结为两个基本模式:统一监管模式和分业监管模式.统一监管模式由一个统一的机构实施对所有的金融机构、金融产品和金融市场的监管,监管者不仅要对金融安全和稳定负责,防范和化解系统风险,还要对金融机构审慎经营、商业行为进行全面的监管.分业监管模式则由多个机构实施对不同金融产品、不同金融机构和不同金融市场的监管,监管机构间没有隶属关系,各自在其权属范围内执行监管权力、履行监管义务.即由银行监管部门(中央银行或银行监管委员会),证券监管部门(证监会)和保险监管部门(保监会)分别实施对银行、证券和保险的监管(吴风云等,2002).     

应重视银行卡发展中的问题

目前,线下银行卡业务主要存在的问题,一是重业务增长,轻风险防控,没有形成监管合力,导致银行卡收单市场存在不公平竞争。二是信用卡套现行为在社会上仍有一定的市场。三是银行卡收单业务违规经营行为比较普遍。四是支付机构的机构设置和代理商模式不便于基层监管部门日常监管。为此,提出四点建议。     

论保险业依法监管的内涵

分析和把握保险业依法监管的内涵有着现实和长远的意义.依法监管首先是一种法治理念,"依法"是保险监管的灵魂;依法监管体现为保险监管职权法定;意味着保险监管部门行政立法行为要依法进行;体现为保险监管具体行政行为的实体依法,即保险监管行为必须依照法定的实体规则进行;依法监管体现为程序依法,即保险监管行为必须依照法律程序进行;依法监管要求控制保险监管部门的自由裁量权;要求对保险监管行为的违法、侵权后果进行依法救济.     

注册会计师审计违规行为举报研究

舞弊揭发是会计师事务所进行风险管理与质量控制、证券监管部门对上市公司与证券服务机构监管的重要手段。本文在分析注册会计师审计执业违规行为举报制度的基础上,运用问卷调查法考察了山西省6家会计师事务所的261名审计师对注册会计师审计违规行为的举报决策以及影响因素。研究发现,大多数审计师选择不向监管机构举报,主要考虑因素包括不告发行为的处罚概率、同事及事务所忠诚困境、个人失业风险。进而本文从会计师事务所、行业协会以及监管机构立法层面提出了完善举报制度的具体建议,期望能够促进注册会计师审计违规行为举报制度的进一步发展,对未来的审计违规行为举报工作提供有益参考。     

保监会确定市场整顿重点

中国保监会主席马永伟 4月 17日在京指出 ,保监会今年重点加强和改进监管 ,将从十个方面开展全国性的检查工作 ,以整顿和规范市场秩序。这十个方面是 :整顿和规范保险机构高级管理人员的任职资格 ;开展保险资金运用检查 ;整顿和规范保险经营机构 ;整顿机动车辆保险市场 ;整顿团体保险业务 ;整顿误导保险消费行为 ;整顿规范保险代理市场 ;检查外资保险公司驻华代表处的活动情况 ;检查保险公司内控制度 ;对借助行政权力强制投保和干预保险经营的行为进行清理。市场行为监管与偿付能力监管并重是保监会的监管原则。保监会迄今已颁发行政规章和…     

确立风险监管理念 防范化解保险风险

保险企业经营失败风险的不可接受性是实行保险监管的重要原因。如何避免保险企业经营失败风险及保险体系动荡风险,以确保保险业适应和满足社会经济发展的需要,是保险监管部门首先必须明确的问题,其实质也就是监管什么和如何监管的问题。本文从存在保险监管风险的客观事实出发,通过构建监管风险模型,探讨风险监管的作用机制,阐述做好保险监管工作必须确立风险监管理念、加强风险监管技术创新和监管组织建设等主张。     

非银行支付机构市场退出相关问题研究

随着第三方支付服务市场的快速发展,非银行支付机构之间的竞争愈演愈烈,支付产品同质化现象较为严重,部分支付机构因创新力不足和市场份额较低,导致长期经营亏损,第三方支付服务市场将面临兼并、重组的浪潮。同时,随着监管政策趋严,监管机构将注销存在重大风险隐患或严重违规行为的支付机构支付业务许可,要求支付机构退出第三方支付服务市场。因此,研究建立支付机构市场退出机制有着重大的意义,不仅是完善我国支付机构监管体系的重要举措,也是保护消费者利益和维护社会稳定的客观要求。本文将从退出边界、方式、现状、问题等方面对支付机构市场退出机制进行研究,并提出构建我国支付机构市场退出机制的合理化建议。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.