我国利用外国直接投资过程中存在的问题及对策

自1979年以来,我国坚持对外开放的基本方针,积极引进外资,发展对外贸易,取得了举世瞩目的成就,同时,也出现了一些不容忽视的问题,给本国经济的进一步发展带来了负面影响。进入21世纪,随着经济全球化的不断深化和贸易投资自由化的推进,国际资本越来越成为重要的资源之一,各国政府都采取了积极的引资政策,加大了引资力度,我国利用外国直接投资面临着前所未有的挑战和强大的竞争压力。因此,克服利用外资中出现的问题,保证本国经济的健康和快速发展,制定相应的对策成为我国政府的必然选择。     

我国利用外国直接投资的特点、存在问题及政策调整管窥

如何更好地吸收外商投资是我国对外开放政策的重要内容。改革开放２０年以来,尤其是最近３年,外商投资增长迅速,投资规模也越来越大,１９９７年全国共批准外商投资项目５７１４９０个,协议外资金额１０８１．１亿美元,实际利用外资金额５３７．８７亿美元。外商投资企业的进出口额为１０７５．５亿美元,比１９９３年增长３０．７％,占全国进出口总额的３７％。截止到１９９８年底,外商投资企业开业数约为１５万家,就业人数增至２０００多万人。这些企业绝大部分经营状况良好,销售额和利润额逐年增加,部分企业出口增长很快。外商…     

我国吸引外国直接投资税收激励政策效应分析

自从改革开放以来，我国逐步吸引外国投资，相继推出了很多支持政策，尤其在税收激励政策方面，更成为吸引外资的主要手段。众所周知，在投资环境中，法律环境起着至关重要的作用，外国投资对东道国进行投资决策前，是非常关心对东道国法律环境的评估的。从我国的情况来说，税收激励政策的运用的确对招商引资起到了一定的积极作用，但     

我国利用外国直接投资存在的几点问题及对策

现阶段我国利用外资直接投资所存在的问题主要有投资领域方面过多,我国市场经济投资法律、法规不完善,利用外资直接投资在方式等方面尚存在不合理的地方。应继续加速改造和提升传统工业产业,加快发展高新技术产业;通过完善立法进一步放开竞争性产业,坚持适度原则,有步骤地开放行业市场;寻求更加符合中国实际情况的并购方式,充分利用国内外资金,通过兼并、收购与重组方式实现国内企业的强强联合,构建中国自己的企业“航母”。     

河南省外商直接投资企业的特点及问题

改革开放以来，我国的招商引资规模在连年扩大，利用外商直接投资也取得了令人瞩目的成就。多年来．河南省的利用外资水平虽然也在不断提高．外商直接投资对河南的经济发展也起到了积极的推动作用。但河南省吸收外商投资在全国所占的比重较小，外商直接投资企业的整体规模偏小，在结构、效益以及引资方式等方面也存在一定的问题。     

当前我国利用外商直接投资的负效应问题研究

当前由于我国利用外资的环境发生变化,使得我国利用外商直接投资的负效应凸显,主要表现为冲击了民族工业发展、减少了国家财政收入、造成国有资产的流失、隐藏国际收支风险、降低了我国工业结构整体效益以及导致我国环境污染加剧。因此,必须调整引资优惠政策,健全与实施跨国并购的法律保障,发展和完善外商引资产业政策,提高反避税能力和资本管制的效率,以消除这些负效应。     

我国企业对外直接投资存在的问题及对策

我国企业的对外直接投资经历了近30年的发展历程,从无到有取得了一定的成绩。但在保持国际直接投资高速增长的同时,我国企业对外直接投资所面临的问题也凸显出来。本文由此出发,探讨了我国企业对外直接投资存在的问题,并有针对性地提出了应采取的对策     

Ireland's Foreign Direct Investment Competitive Advantage and Japanese Outward Foreign Direct Investment

This article addresses Ireland's record in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). FDI has been identified as one of the key factors that has spurred the growth of the Celtic Tiger. An adaptation of Porter's Diamond is offered to explain the determinants of Ireland's competitive advantage in attracting FDI. The overall trends in FDI inflows to Ireland are considered. The study then focuses on Japanese FDI into Europe and Ireland in particular. The pattern of Japanese FDI flows into Ireland is analysed in the context of Ireland's determinants of FDI competitive advantage. Future considerations around Ireland's model of competitive advantage are addressed.     

Foreign Direct Investment in Hungary

Abstract

When in 1989 the markets in Central and Eastern Europe opened, western firms were quick to move in. Hungary treated foreign firms equal to domestic ones in the privatization process. It attracted most foreign direct investment in the region. Now, other countries are likely to follow the Hungarian path and allow foreign firms to take over domestic firms. This contribution discusses the experience of six Dutch multinational firms in Hungary and discusses whether these can be useful for expansion into other countries in the region. The results indicate that firms easily underestimate the cost of reconstructing acquired enterprises and that building a market position is more expensive than anticipated.     

Foreign Direct Investment in China

Summary

China has attracted the second largest amount of foreign direct investment in the world each year since 1993. Hundreds of thousands of foreign-invested enterprises are in operation in China. However, what drive the success or cause the failure of foreign investments is still not well understood. This paper critically examines one success factor, i.e., the importance of timing of marketing entry into China. It begins with a brief review of the literature on first-mover advantages and the recent empirical research. It then attempts to theorize on why timing of market entry matters in the context of foreign direct investment. Apart from drawing upon the four recent studies in this area, this paper focuses on the auto industry in China and the case of Volkswagen to illustrate the importance of early entry into an overseas market. It calls for foreign investors to seize the first-wave opportunities when the door is opened a certain sector. It pays in the long run both in terms of the market share position and profitability.     

新形势下我国海外直接投资面临的问题及促进对策

我国对外直接投资进入快速增长时期,市场覆盖宽广,结构不断优化,投资主体竞争力日见增强,取得了良好的互利共赢成效显。在海外直接投资呈现明显后发优势的同时,存在的存量规模小、根基浅,风险增大,企业国际化经营水平有待提高,走出去人才缺乏等问题开始逐渐显现。为促进企业更好更快地走出去,我国应抓住有利机遇,深化对外直接投资体制改革,完善社会服务化组织,打造引进来与走出去的双向互动机制,大力培育投资主体,加强企业与东道国在文化上的融合,加快培养人才。     

外国直接投资与我国对外贸易失衡

我国与美国、欧盟的贸易顺差增大,外汇储备激增,原因错综复杂,其中,在我国改革开放和特殊的工业化进程中,经济全球化和国际分工加速发展,世界产业结构大调整,外国直接投资持续增加才是根本原因。由于外国直接投资对我国贸易顺差存在着两种效应:直接效应和间接影响,即外国直接投资对我国产生明显的贸易创造效应,同时又具有一定的贸易替代效应,间接增加了贸易顺差,从而加剧了我国的贸易失衡。本文运用协整检验,建立误差修正模型,验证了外国直接投资与我国贸易顺差存在长期均衡关系,即正相关关系。只有从生产领域和外商投资的角度入手才能从根本上缓解贸易顺差的扩大。     

Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico and Chile

Summary

Increased flows of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) are a major source of capital for Latin American countries. This paper analyzes the experiences with attracting and the effects of FDI for two nations-Chile and Mexico. Clearly attempts to attract FDI through relaxed restrictions on profit remittances and other reforms have had an impact. However, while Mexico has succeeded in attracting investment to high productivity “greenfield” industries, Chile has seen most FDI go towards low productivity sectors such as mining and agriculture.     

Foreign Direct Investment in Central America

Summary

Foreign Direct Investment has gone through three distinct phases in Central American history. First, it was mainly in the form of agricultural development during the agricultural export-led growth era. The import-substitution era saw manufacturing enter as well. The non-traditional export promotion strategy currently in place attracts firms seeking to use the region as a platform for exporting outside the region. Modern FDI generates greater linkages with the rest of the economy than in the past. However, remittance of profits is still large and problematic.     

环境规制与外商直接投资研究

利用面板数据模型对环境规制与外商直接投资之间的关系进行实证分析。检验结果发现,环境规制对外商直接投资呈现负效应,但这种效应并不显著,人均GDP、市场化指数、基础设施状况、开放程度才是决定外商直接投资的决定因素。