建立东亚货币联盟的可能性分析和初步设想

根据最优货币区理论,东亚经济区域在生产要素的流动性、经济体的开放性、宏观经济政策的一致性,以及次区域承受外部冲击的对称性方面比较接近最优货币区的标准,有利于东亚建立货币联盟。但是,东亚的经济趋同性差、经济发展水平差异大等因素构成了东亚货币联盟建立的障碍。要加快建立东亚货币联盟的进程,可通过建立亚洲货币基金、东亚汇率联动机制和创立亚洲货币单位的路径渐次演进。此外,加强政治上的合作也是建立东亚货币联盟的必要前提。     

东亚区域汇率合作与协调：基于一般均衡模型的分析

研究东亚货币合作和汇率协调的理论模型在20世纪80年代初期以后获得较快的发展．其中早期的理论模型多是局部均衡分析,或者是应用博弈论建立的理论模型。通过建立三个国家的一般均衡理论模型,我们可以看到东亚各经济体对美元或者日元的单一钉住不如钉住一篮子货币。在东亚汇率合作中,钉住以贸易为权重的货币篮子是一种纳什均衡,它可以缓冲美元与日元汇率变动对各经济体的宏观经济所带来的冲击。     

东亚货币合作的必要性及可行性分析

一、东亚货币合作的必要性分析 1997年东亚金融危机给整个东亚地区带来了空前的巨大打击.尽管东亚金融危机已平息且东亚地区的GDP也在逐年增长,但是它留给东亚各国和地区的教训却仍是相当深刻的.东亚金融危机的超速扩散及东亚各国货币的竞争性贬值,使经济联系十分密切的东亚各国和地区更深刻地认识到:弱小经济体的货币难以独自抵抗巨额国际游资的冲击,要想同国际游资的冲击相抗衡且使本国(或本地区)的货币不再作为某大国货币的附属品,东亚各国和地区必须加强地区内的货币合作.东亚货币合作的必要性在于:     

东亚货币合作的必要性及可行性分析

一、东亚货币合作的必要性分析1997年东亚金融危机给整个东亚地区带来了空前的巨大打击。尽管东亚金融危机已平息且东亚地区的GDP也在逐年增长,但是它留给东亚各国和地区的教训却仍是相当深刻的。东亚金融危机的超速扩散及东亚各国货币的竞争性贬值,使经济联系十分密切的东亚各国和地区更深刻地认识到:弱小经济体的货币难以独自抵抗巨额国际游资的冲击,要想同国际游资的冲击相抗衡且使本国(或本地区)的货币不再作为某大国货币的附属品,东亚各国和地区必须加强地区内的货币合作。东亚货币合作的必要性在于:1.建立统一货币有利于进一步缓和…     

东亚区域经济体货币汇率政策协调的理论探讨

由于东亚区域合作性得益的存在,基于贸易商品渠道和市场的区域共同篮子货币的协调性汇率稳定机制一旦形成,基础性的区域宏观货币政策协调机制能够推动东亚区域成员经济体之间非货币汇率竞争性政策的竞争经济的形成,这将在更大程度上推进东亚区域货币金融合作和货币一体化的实际进程.     

东亚货币合作的对策研究

作为东亚地区日益崛起的经济大国，中国与东亚地区其他经济体之间的经济联系越来越紧密，对东亚地区经济发展的影响越来越大。因此，不论是从自身利益出发还是从地区稳定来看，中国有责任也有义务发挥大国的领头作用，积极参与到东亚货币合作中来，使东亚货币合作能够朝着既利于中国也利于其他经济体的方向发展。     

关于东亚区域货币合作问题的探讨

东亚区域经济体货币合作的推进形式是一个典型的循序渐进、多轨并进和形式多样化的过程。本文主要探讨东亚区域货币合作问题过程中的有效的区域货币金融合作机制。     

东亚货币合作及中国的战略安排

一、东亚货币合作的现状 东亚金融危机前，东亚地区的贸易和投资合作取得了相当大的进展，但在货币和货币金融合作方面却是一片空白。随着区域内经济相互依赖性的不断加强，为克服由货币和金融危机产生的困难，在一些区域经济体内部形成了一些共识，即实现持续的经济增长所需要的经济和金融系统的稳定发展离不开区域的协调。可以预期，东亚各国将会不断地巩固已经取得的合作成果，建立彼此之间的信任和协作关系，并推动东亚货币合作走向新阶段。     

东亚区域内贸易的发展趋势及面临的问题

东亚区域内贸易飞速发展是当今世界经济两大潮流——经济全球化和区域经济一体化趋势下的一个独特现象,已经引起学者们的广泛关注,纷纷对其作出大量研究。东亚区域内贸易未来发展面临的主要问题是东亚经济体间存在多种冲突;贸易摩擦问题不断;区域货币金融合作进展缓慢。     

东亚经济体大规模囤积外汇储备现象:影响因素、行为特征及政策含义

近年来,东亚经济体超额累积外汇储备现象用传统的衡量外汇储备水平的经验法则已无法解释。本文在分析东亚经济体外汇储备持续累积行为的影响因素的同时,试图区分东亚经济体不同类别国家之间的差异。面板数据回归分析的结果表明:东亚发展中经济体表现出为防范实体经济和金融领域风险的较强的谨慎动机,东亚相对发达经济体则主要是对规模和交易需求的反应,并没有表现出明显的谨慎动机倾向;东亚发展中经济体的外汇储备累积与汇率制度的灵活性进一步增强相联系,而东亚相对发达经济体的外汇储备累积与其外汇市场干预和汇率波幅收窄相联系,东亚经济体的外汇储备累积行为并不能用重商主义动机进行解释。东亚经济体外汇储备超额累积现象凸显出加快推进区域货币和金融合作的重要性。     

Openness and growth: an interpretation of empirical evidence from East Asian countries

This study investigates the effect of openness on economic growth for rapidly growing economies in East Asia in which rapid growth has been accompanied by a persistent openness to world trade. The framework of analysis is a five-variable vector autoregressive model that consists of real output, money supply, real government spending, foreign price shocks, and openness measures. The results do not strongly support the 'new' growth theories in which increasing openness affects long-run growth. For most countries in the sample, fiscal policy shocks as well as foreign price shocks have greater impacts on economic growth than does the openness shock. The results are generally consistent with the view that the role of the government is critical for growth among the East Asian economies.     

Emerging Asia: Decoupling or Recoupling

In this paper, we investigate the degree of real economic interdependence between emerging East Asian and major industrial countries to shed light on the heated debate over the ‘decoupling’ of emerging East Asia. We first document the evolution of macroeconomic interdependence for emerging East Asian economies through changing trade and financial linkages at both the regional and global levels. Then, by employing a panel vector autoregression (VAR) model, we estimate the degree of real economic interdependence before and after the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis. Empirical findings show that real economic interdependence increased significantly in the post‐crisis period, suggesting ‘recoupling’, rather than decoupling, in recent years. Output shocks from major industrial countries have a significant positive effect on emerging East Asian economies. More interestingly, the reverse is also true. Output shocks from emerging East Asia (and China) have a significant positive effect on output in major industrial countries. The result suggests that macroeconomic interdependence between emerging East Asia and industrial countries have become ‘bi‐directional’, defying the traditional notion of the ‘North–South relationship’ as one of ‘uni‐directional’ dependence.     

Real Output Co‐movements in East Asia: Any Evidence for a Monetary Union?

The East Asian region has experienced astonishing economic growth and integration over the past few decades. It is generally believed that a high degree of integration in the region would greatly shape the economic structure of each individual economy and has direct implications for the effectiveness of domestic stabilisation policy and policy coordination. This paper empirically examines the feasibility of forming a monetary union in East Asia by assessing the real output co‐movements among these economies. As suggested by the optimum currency area (OCA) theory that losing monetary independence would be the major cost for adopting a common currency, it would be less costly for the economies to form a monetary union if the business cycles are synchronised across countries. The cointegration test and the Vahid and Engle (1993 ) test for common business cycles are conducted to examine their long‐run relationship and short‐run interactions in real outputs, respectively. Our study found that some pair countries in the region share both the long‐run and short‐run synchronous movements of the real outputs. In particular, the short‐run common business cycles are found in some pairs of ASEAN economies consisting of Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia, and in the Northeast Asian region consisting of Hong Kong, Korea and Mainland China, as well as between Japan and Taiwan. These findings have important implications for the economies in terms of adjustment costs when considering the adoption of a monetary union.     

AMU Deviation Indicators for Coordinated Exchange Rate Policies in East Asia and their Relationships with Effective Exchange Rates

After the Asian currency crisis in 1997, the monetary authorities of East Asian countries have been strengthening their regional monetary cooperation. In this paper, we propose a deviation measurement for coordinated exchange rate policies in East Asia to enhance the monetary authorities’ surveillance process for their regional monetary cooperation. We calculate an Asian Monetary Unit (AMU) as a weighted average of East Asian currencies following the method used to calculate the European Currency Unit (ECU). Also, we calculate AMU Deviation Indicators which show how much each of the East Asian currencies deviates from a hypothetical benchmark rate in terms of the AMU. Furthermore, we investigate relationships between the AMU Deviation Indicators and the effective exchange rates, which mean international price competitiveness in terms of international trade. We found strong relationships between the AMU Deviation Indicators and the effective exchange rates except for some currencies. The results suggest that monitoring the AMU Deviation Indicator will be useful for the monetary authorities’ surveillance in East Asia in order to stabilise their effective exchange rate or price competitiveness among the East Asian countries.     

东亚区域内人民币替代弹性的实证研究——基于货币服务生产函数的理论分析

随着中国—东盟自由贸易区的建立,中国和亚洲国家之间的经济整合程度越来越高,人民币在中国周边国家和地区以及东亚区域流通的范围和规模也不断扩大。文章基于货币服务函数理论构建货币反替代模型,以1994年为分界点采用固定效应变系数面板数据进行两阶段的实证分析,探讨人民币在东亚区域内的货币替代弹性。结果表明:人民币在东亚区域内的替代弹性及提供的货币服务相似性显著提高,为人民币区域化可行性提供了有力的理论支持。     

What does the Bank of Japan do to East Asia?

In recent policy debates some have argued that expansionary monetary policy in Japan can increase real output in Japan and in Japan's neighbors, while others have warned that it is a beggar-thy-neighbor policy. In this paper we estimate structural vector autoregressions to assess the effects of Japanese monetary policy shocks. We find that the effects of Japanese monetary policy shocks on macroeconomic variation in East Asia have been modest and difficult to reconcile with the beggar-thy-neighbor view. We estimate that the Asian crisis was preceded by expansionary monetary policy shocks in Japan, but we fail to find support for the view that these shocks contributed to the crisis.     

东亚区域生产网络发展与东亚区域经济合作的深化

随着产品内分工的发展,东亚区域生产网络的日益深化已成为东亚区域经济发展不可逆的趋势。本文梳理了东亚区域生产网络的表现和特征,对东亚区域生产网络引起的东亚贸易结构变化进行了探讨,分析了东亚区域生产网络对东亚各经济体的影响,揭示了东亚区域生产网络存在的缺点和潜在问题,并提出在东亚区域经济合作不断深化的背景下,促进东亚区域生产网络进一步发展的策略。     

东亚经济一体化:理论基础与现实指向

随着经济全球化的迅速发展,区域经济一体化成为不可逆转的趋势。尽管东亚已经成为世界第三大经济体,但是除了正在成长中的东盟自由贸易区和没有约束力的亚太经合组织、亚欧会议外,东亚尚未形成正式的区域经济一体化组织。通过分析东亚区域经济一体化发展过程中的"雁行模式"的利弊、APEC的特点、四轮驱动模式的作用,针对东亚区域经济一体化的特点、建立东亚共同体的长远目标,提出了加快实现东亚经济一体化的若干对策建议。     

东亚双边进口贸易流量与潜力:基于贸易引力模型的实证研究

本文利用东亚10个主要经济体1995-2004年的面板数据,建立东亚贸易引力模型,对东亚进口贸易流量的影响因素和潜力进行研究。研究显示,国家经济规模、中国-东盟自由贸易区、东盟自由贸易区、进口国制度、国际直接投资、国家间的经济水平差距和地理距离是东亚双边进口贸易流量的主要影响因素。中国香港、泰国、日本和印度尼西亚对东亚的进口潜力较大,中国、马来西亚、菲律宾和新加坡对东亚的进口潜力较小。加强东亚区域内最终产品市场和区域贸易合作的发展、推进东亚各经济体的制度改革和调整、积极合理地引进国际直接投资、加强物流建设与合作,应成为东亚各经济体未来重要的政策取向。     

疫情背景下的全球变局和亚洲经贸合作

国际金融危机以来,世界经济格局东升西降趋势显著。亚洲经济在全球经济中的地位不断上升,特别是新冠肺炎疫情之下,东亚经济率先复苏,已成为世界经济重心。亚洲始终是中国经略周边外交的重点地区,如何经略好这一地区,积极营造繁荣稳定的周边环境和发展机遇期,对中国塑造发展全球伙伴关系和深化同周边国家的关系具有重要现实意义,有助于发挥中国作为大国领导力和提升国际影响力。特别是在中美贸易摩擦加剧、新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行背景下,探讨分析亚洲经济发展的战略和政策动向,探索亚洲经贸合作的新思路新路径,对赢得中美战略博弈主动、推动高质量发展具有特殊意义,也有利于推动区域各国加强互信互利合作和维护亚洲稳定繁荣。自贸区战略已成为大国竞争的战略制高点之一,提高自由贸易区标准和质量是大势所趋。分析各区域经贸协定、亚洲产业链转移趋势及对中国的机遇和挑战,有助于未雨绸缪,早有预案,争取主动。在分析这些重大问题的基础上提出亚洲经贸合作发展中亟需解决的重大问题与合作的新思路,给出中国方案和建议。