浅谈加入WTO与我国企业的跨国经营

随着中国经济的增长,中国企业走出国门,从事国际化经营的条件已日趋成熟。特别是中国加入WTO后,企业将不可避免的面对跨国企业的竞争,实施国际化经营成为必然。从中国企业的对外投资现状来看,与外国跨国企业的差距还比较大。我国企业应抓住加入WTO所带来的机遇,成功实施国际化经营战略。     

Reshaping Malaysian Subsidiaries in the Wake of China’s Rise as the Preferred Location for Foreign Production

This article examines the locational behavior of multinational enterprises, particularly the role of Malaysian subsidiaries in relation to other subsidiaries in the region. Survey results showed that rising wage costs have led to low cost, labor-intensive, and mature technology production being moved to China. Concurrently, Malaysian subsidiaries, particularly the export oriented, have taken on production of more sophisticated goods. They play regional coordination roles, are sources of ethnic Chinese managerial talent for the region, and they provide “back-up” production for less reliable plants in China. Their strategic role appears to have evolved from being “export platforms” toward “regional mandated hubs.”     

FDI对我国对外贸易的影响解析

本文主要通过近年来我国外商直接投资与对外贸易的实证数据，分析FDI流入对我国贸易的带动作用，实证结果表明对外直接投资与我国对外贸易在量上存在正相关关系。     

国际贸易对中外双向投资影响的实证分析

改革开放以来尤其是我国加入世贸以来,我国国际贸易额大幅上升,与此同时,流入我国的外商直接投资和我国的对外直接投资同时迅猛地增长。那么国际贸易和双向投资之间是否存在着某种必然的相关性呢?运用计量经济学的方法对我国国际贸易额与我国双向FDI的总量关系进行实证分析,得出结论,国际贸易对我国双向FDI起着促进作用,其中,对外商直接投资促进作用较大(在99%显著水平下,每产生一亿美元的进口就会流入0.303亿美元的FDI,每产生一亿美元的出口就会流入0.208亿美元的FDI),对对外直接投资影响较小(在99%显著水平下,每产生一亿美元的贸易仅对对外投资0.003 203亿美元)。并由此提出了一些建设性的意见。     

扩大我国对外投资的发展模式研究

随着我国加入世贸组织和开放程度的不断提高 ,扩大中国企业对外直接投资已成为亟待解决的一个重要课题。从理论和实践的角度看 ,扩大我国对外直接投资已具备了些有利条件 ,但同时也存在一定的问题 ,对此提出了相应的对策和发展模式     

Is FTA/EPA effective for a developing country to attract FDI? The knowledge‐capital model revisited

To prepare an answer to the question of how a developing country can attract foreign direct investment (FDI), this paper explored the factors and policies that may help bring FDI into a developing country by utilising an extended version of the knowledge‐capital model. With a special focus on the effects of a free trade agreement (FTA) or an economic partnership agreement (EPA) between a pair of market and non‐market countries, simulations with the model revealed the following: (i) although FTA/EPA generally tends to increase FDI to a developing country, the possibility of improving welfare through increased demand for skilled and unskilled labour decreases as the size of the country grows; (ii) a developing country may suffer severe welfare losses through FTA/EPA if the availability of skilled labour is extremely limited; and (iii) a developing country can enhance welfare gains from a FTA, and it is even possible to recover the welfare effects from negative to positive, by making the arrangement an EPA.     

论国际贸易与国际直接投资关系的发展与变迁

国际贸易和国际直接投资是跨国界配置资源的两种方式 ,都能有力地推动一国经济增长 ,通过对相关理论和各国实践进行考察 ,结合当今跨国公司的活动得出结论 :国际贸易和国际直接投资之间的关系历经了以替代、互补为主的阶段 ,目前表现为在跨国公司全球战略控制下的并重、互动的关系。同时从两方面具体分析了这种互动关系 ,并在此基础上指出国家相关政策应搭配协调 ,以更好地为其经济发展服务。     

跨国公司海外直接投资理论脉络及动态述评

近几十年来,跨国公司的海外直接投资理论不断取得新的突破。从新古典国际投资理论开始对跨国公司的海外直接投资理论的脉络及最新进展进行了系统分析和总结,以期对相关研究和实践提供有益的启示。     

基于企业性质的贸易顺差与贸易摩擦分析

随着我国贸易顺差的不断上升和贸易摩擦案件的频发,贸易顺差和贸易摩擦的问题引起了广泛的关注。通过理论分析和实证分析的方法,本文从企业性质的角度研究了我国贸易顺差和贸易摩擦的形成原因及其相互关系,研究表明内需不足、人民币估值过低并不是我国贸易顺差形成的原因,而是大额贸易顺差所产生的结果;我国贸易顺差的形成是外商直接投资企业推动的国际分工体系深化的结果,与企业性质存在着直接的联系。     

Multinational activity of European firms and heterogeneity

This paper offers an empirical assessment of the multinational activity of European firms. It takes the predictions of models of firm heterogeneity and FDI activity as a reference to explore the characteristics of multinational firms from 30 European countries. We use a data set, based on ORBIS, which links information of parent–affiliate pairs of firms. Our results show that more productive firms have greater multinational activity in terms of both scope, the number of foreign markets where they invest, and scale, the volume of local sales by subsidiaries active in foreign markets. The estimation of gravity equations shows that country characteristics that encourage multinational activity successively induce the entry of less productive parent firms. We confirm this asymmetry for the GDPs of the home and host countries, distance, contiguity and other standard gravity equation variables.     

国际贸易与FDI:基于提高国民福利水平的比较

国际贸易与对外直接投资是参与国际经济交流与合作的方式,二者都会影响参与国社会福利水平的改变。通过构建两个相同市场容量的完全垄断市场下的古诺模型,对国际贸易与FD I提高国民的社会福利水平的效率问题进行比较,认为国际贸易较FD I对提高国民社会福利水平更有效。     

Like it or not? How the economic and institutional environment shapes individual attitudes towards multinational enterprises

This paper analyses the determinants of people's attitudes towards foreign direct investment (FDI) using a survey‐based data set that covers a wide range of rich and poor countries. We find that both individual socioeconomic characteristics and macroeconomic and institutional factors shape agents’ attitudes towards multinational firms. Moreover, we find that the influence of an individual's characteristics—such as education and the status as an entrepreneur—on her/his perspective on multinationals depends on the respective country's per‐capita income. Our results confirm the conjecture that relative individual attitudes towards multinationals reflect distributional interests as suggested by economic theory.     

发达国家对发展中国家的新直接投资

发达国家投资厂商对发展中国家的直接投资已发生了很大变化,传统直接投资以投资者持有足够股权对投资项目保持有效控制的活动方式,新直接投资是以其他方式不同程度地参与控制,或只参与收益分享而不参与控制。新直接投资是由传统直接投资、间接融资、纯国际贸易相结合而形成的国际经济活动,反映了投资的实质性特征。     

浅论我国企业对外直接投资的区位分布状况与战略选择

我国企业对外投资区位选择的策略应是：以发展中国家为主要的投资区域，兼顾对发达国家和地区的投资，积极慎重地发展对独联体和东欧等转轨国家的投资。     

South Korea’s outward direct investment and its dyadic determinants: Foreign aid,bilateral treaty and economic diplomacy

This study investigates the factors that affect South Korean outward foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries. Most previous studies focus on monadic factors and do not consider how and to what extent bilateral relationships between South Korea and the host countries affect the investment decisions of Korean firms. The current study finds that interstate factors such as South Korea's international investment treaties with and official development assistance to host countries have positive effects on FDI to these countries, while presidential visits have strong and statistically significant effects on FDI only in countries located in non-Asian regions, especially the African continent. The findings suggest that the effects of bilateral relations on South Korea's FDI vary depending on the geographic location of the host country.