自创商誉确认与计量问题探讨

本在分析商誉会计处理现状的基础上,提出了对自创商誉进行确认和计量的必要性,进而对自创商誉确认和计量中存在的问题及解决的对策作出了有益的探讨。     

也谈自创商誉问题

自创商誉的确认与信息披露是商誉这个会计界具有持续魅力的难题的争论焦点。本文通过对自创商誉的本质、应否确认以及信息披露问题的分析,结论认为自创商誉不应确认、无法确切计量并谨慎披露。     

企业合并商誉的会计处理

商誉一直以来都是会计理论和实务中存在广泛争议的话题.商誉按照不同形成来源分为自创商誉和外购商誉.以前,企业会计通常只确认外购商誉为无形资产,企业自创的商誉由于成本不能可靠计量,因此不能确认为无形资产.     

浅谈企业商誉会计的实务选择

在企业并购中,兼并价差作为商誉被确认、计量和记录,但企业自创商誉还没有被确认。如何提供完整的商誉信息,确认、计量和报告各种商誉,目前还存在许多争论。从实务角度上来看,新的商誉理论不但能够很好地指导实务,而且更为重要的是,它与现行实务具有较好的衔接功能。本文在对商誉内涵和商誉会计存在的争论的分析基础上,提出了发展商誉会计的建议。     

自创商誉的计量与会计处理探讨

随着市场经济的发展,对自创商誉的确认与否的争论越来越多。对自创商誉的确认是否具有其理论上的必要性和可行性,会计处理的问题也需要得到有效解决。文章将针对以上问题展开讨论,重点介绍评估方法的选择和相关会计处理,力求使读者能从中得到启示。     

商誉本质及会计实务探讨

本文阐述了有关商誉的基本概念,分析了我国对商誉进行会计处理的现状,提出了有关建议。要进一步规范商誉减值的会计核算;自有或自创商誉在一定条件下应纳入企业财务账目核算;对于企业商誉应予以充分披露;进一步完善会计准则,提高商誉核算质量：商誉的后续计量采取以摊销为主、结合减值测试方法进行。     

关于无形资产价值的会计计量的探讨

知识经济时代，无形资产在企业资产中的比例大大增加。计量是会计系统的核心功能，无形资产的会计计量面临着很多的变化。文章对无形资产的会计计量创新进行了探讨，着重讨论了自创无形资产的研究开发费用和广告费用的会计处理，并结合国际上各种会计处理方法，对我国的研究开发费用和广告费用的会计处理提出了建议。     

商誉会计问题新探

本文从介绍与评价商誉的定义出发,对商誉的定义、正商誉的来源、负商誉的存在以及自创商誉的确认与计量进行了深入研究和分析,通过对这些问题的分析,笔者认为可以在理论上拓宽有关商誉会计的研究领域,丰富研究的内容.     

商誉会计问题新探

本文从介绍与评价商誉的定义出发，对商誉的定义、正商誉的来源、负商誉的存在以及自创商誉的确认与计量进行了深入研究和分析，通过对这些问题的分析，笔者认为可以在理论上拓宽有关商誉会计的研究领域，丰富研究的内容。     

关于我国企业商誉会计问题的探讨

随着地区经济的不断全球化，企业间的并购、资产重组和股份制合作等经济业务活动也在不断增加。然而．在对此类经济业务活动进行相关资产评估过程中．关于企业商誉的确认和计量一直富有争议。本文针对这些问题。对我国的商誉会计准则进行了一些简单的探讨．对商誉会计的确认和计量等问题进行简单评述．提出了笔者关于规范我国企业商誉会计的一些建议．以期对商誉会计准则的研究有益。     

确定负商誉摊销比例的探讨

对于负商誉的确认和计量 ,分摊比例是一关键问题。国际上的通行做法是按照除长期有价证券之外的各非流动资产的公允价值比例来分摊。虽然这一做法有它的合理性 ,但笔者认为按照长期有价证券之外的各非流动资产的公允价值超过帐面价值差额的比例分摊似乎更符合有关负商誉确认计     

并购商誉、超额收益与市场反应——来自中国A股上市公司的证据

本文采用事件研究法,检验2007年-2010年发生并购事件并产生商誉的A殿上市公司并购后的市场反应.实证结果发现,并购协同效应是超额收益的来源,“核心商誉”要素创造了超额收益；并购中的超额支付不能为企业带来超额收益,即“非核心商誉”要素与超额收益不相关.     

企业并购商誉问题分析

在当前日益完善的产权交易活动中,企业并购商誉会计成为一个重要难题。本文从商誉在会计中的一些基本研究入手,探讨了并购商誉的具体会计处理方法,并提出了一些对我国企业并购商誉的认识。     

The Investment Opportunity Set and Acquired Goodwill*

This paper examines how managers in New Zealand allocate the cost of firms' investments in subsidiaries between net tangible assets and acquired goodwill. We find a negative relation between acquired goodwill and leverage. This could be interpreted as the result of managers of highly leveraged acquiring firms opportunistically allocating a lower portion of the acquisition price to acquired goodwill. However, this analysis, like much of the research on accounting choice, suffers from an omitted variables problem. We present evidence that the observed negative relation between acquired goodwill and leverage may stem from each variable's relation to the investment opportunity set. Further, we find no evidence that acquired goodwill is related to the existence of debt covenants. Together, these results suggest an endogenous relation between the firm's asset structure, its financing policy, and the allocation of acquisition price to acquired goodwill.     

《会计监管风险提示第8号——商誉减值》的政策效果研究——基于业绩补偿承诺的视角

新一轮并购潮以来,由"高溢价、高承诺"的不合理业绩补偿承诺导致的商誉减值"爆雷"事件不断发生,引起了监管部门的关注。证监会于2018年11月发布《会计监管风险提示第8号——商誉减值》(以下简称"8号文"),旨在规范商誉减值会计确认、计提时点及监管细节,并明令禁止故意以业绩承诺期为由不计提或跨期计提商誉减值的行为。文章通过双重差分法研究发现:"8号文"有助于降低签订了业绩补偿承诺上市公司的商誉减值水平,加强媒体对签订业绩补偿承诺公司的关注与监督,但存在2018年突击计提商誉减值的现象。此外,"8号文"能够降低上市公司对不合理业绩补偿承诺的使用倾向,降低并购溢价并提高长期并购绩效。最后,签订了业绩补偿承诺的并购企业在"8号文"之后没有显著提升盈余管理水平和股价崩盘风险。文章总体表明,"8号文"有助于上市公司在并购过程中合理使用业绩补偿承诺,降低商誉减值水平。但从长远来看,仍然需要从完善业绩补偿承诺设计机制、健全法律法规约束等角度遏制商誉减值的潜在风险。     

商誉权法律属性争议之澄清

商誉权的法律属性有知识产权说、复合权说和人格权说三大观点。知识产权是建立在公共产品上的非绝对化私权;商誉不具有公共产品的属性,商誉权作为绝对的私权与知识产权有着本质区别。复合权说强调商誉权的无形财产权属性,而通过与性质最相似的形象权比较可知,复合权说夸大了商誉权的保护范围而存在理论缺陷。商誉权是一种特殊的人格权。     

Auditor Independence and Fair Value Accounting: An Examination of Nonaudit Fees and Goodwill Impairments

Inadequate testing of fair value accounting estimates, including goodwill, is often cited as an audit deficiency in PCAOB inspection reports, and, in some cases, these deficiencies have led to enforcement actions against the auditor. As a result of these issues, the PCAOB recently proposed a new auditing standard for fair value accounting. While these regulatory actions suggest that auditors are challenged by the fair value regime of accounting for goodwill, they also highlight an area where the auditor could be influenced by their financial ties to a client. In this study, we test whether nonaudit fees are associated with goodwill impairment decision outcomes. Our results indicate that the nonaudit fees a client pays are inversely related to the likelihood of impairment in settings where goodwill is likely to be impaired. Additional examinations suggest that the negative relation between nonaudit fees and auditor independence is driven by clients who are most incentivized to exert their influence over the auditor.     

Auditing Goodwill in the Post‐Amortization Era: Challenges for Auditors

The elimination of goodwill amortization in 2001 brought about significant change in how companies are required to account for goodwill. This change in accounting also brought with it new challenges for auditors, namely evaluating the reasonableness of management's assumptions related to goodwill valuation. In addition to introducing technical challenges, this task is particularly difficult given the misalignment in incentives it creates between managers who likely prefer to avoid recording an impairment and auditors who seek to minimize the bias in management's impairment testing. This study focuses on the consequences of the misaligned incentives that auditors face under the current goodwill assessment process. We find that the decision to record a goodwill impairment is associated with an increase in the probability of auditor dismissal. Consistent with the presence of significant friction with clients, our results also indicate that the likelihood of auditor dismissals is negatively related to the favorability of the impairment decision. Furthermore, we find that companies impairing goodwill prior to dismissing auditors subsequently employ auditors that are, on average, more favorable to clients in their impairment decisions.     

基于合创商誉的并购企业价值评估方法研究

文章以现金流量折现法和实物期权理论为基础,引入合创商誉的概念,研究了战略型并购中目标企业的价值估值,并构建了目标企业价值评估整体框架。研究表明,合创商誉是由主并企业和目标企业共同作用形成的一种资产,它创造的价值的一部分应计入目标企业的价值估值中,这使得目标企业价值评估更准确。     

Renting Goodwill in International Marketing Channels: An Analysis of Pricing Strategies and Bargaining Power

This paper investigates the pricing decisions of foreign manufacturers in international markets within a bargaining framework with asymmetric information and the rental of goodwill. The key findings are: first, the foreign manufacturer follows a mark-up pricing strategy in which its gross margin and the quality premium over the domestic product are shared with the importer. Second, a manufacturer–importer contract occurs only when the manufacturer’s bargaining power is within an admissible range which shrinks as transaction costs increase. Third, the domestic consumer will only purchase the foreign product if the importer’s goodwill in the domestic market is sufficiently large to signal quality. The paper contributes to the literature on exchange relationships between foreign manufacturers and importers.