瞧，谭旭光这个战略家

此人身材敦厚,但出招却相当凌厉;他的眼睛虽小,但却总是看得很远。三个记者好像离弦的箭,不到一秒钟时间"嗖"地飞到谭旭光面前,围住他,用新闻学专业主义的眼光质问道:"去年下半年潍柴主要业务增长乏力,3亿多欧元的收购金额支付起来吃力吗?潍柴是搞发动机出身的,发动机是工业品,游艇是奢侈消费品,谭总觉得潍柴     

Don't obliterate, informate!: BPR for the information age

This article takes the view that BPR in the dominant form in which it is presently characterised, is a re-expression of industrial age classical administration. As such it is oblivious of organization as a political entity or as a set of 'human resources' . What is needed is a new model of BPR for the information age.     

It Won't Fit! For Innovative Products,Sometimes That's for the Best

The degree of overlap (i.e., fit) between product development organizations' resources and the product development projects pursued has powerful performance implications. Drawing on organizational learning theory and the resource‐based view, this research conceptualizes and empirically tests the interrelationships between the levels of fit, innovativeness, speed to market, and financial new product performance. After reviewing the research literature relevant to resource fit and new product performance, the level of innovativeness is posited to be an important moderating and mediating factor, which is validated by analysis of data gathered from 279 product developing firms. Technological fit has a negative direct effect on both technological and market innovativeness, while the use of existing marketing resources (i.e., a high degree of marketing fit) positively impacts technological innovativeness. This suggests, consistent with findings from market orientation research, that a deep, long‐held customer understanding can promote technological innovativeness. The moderating hypotheses proposed are also well supported: First, a high degree of marketing fit has a more positive impact on performance for market innovative products (e.g., products which address a new target market or use a nontraditional channel for the firm). Drawing on a deep customer understanding is more critical to performance for market innovative products. Conversely, the benefits of marketing fit are limited where market innovativeness is lacking. Interestingly, the counterpart moderating role of technological innovativeness on technological fit's performance effect is not significant; the level of technological innovativeness does not significantly impact the performance impact of technological fit. There are also significant moderating effects across dimensions. Our results show that the financial benefit of using existing marketing resources is lessened for technologically innovative products. Technological innovations necessitate drastic adaptation of marketing resources (i.e., channel and brand); firms drawing only on existing marketing resources for a technologically innovative new product will incur reduced profit. Similarly, the positive implications of using existing technological resources are limited for products which are highly market innovative. Generally, resource fit is seen to have an (oft‐overlooked) dark side in product development, though several of our findings suggest that marketing resources are more flexible than are technological resources.     

员工工资、培训与跳槽:一个劳工合约模型

本文通过劳工合约模型论证了员工工资与企业培训之间的交替关系，并分析了企业向接受培训继而跳槽的员工收取罚金对该交替关系的影响。在跳槽率作为外生变量时．若企业不向跳槽的员工收取罚金．签约员工通常乐于以较低的工资换取更多的技能培训。鉴于此，为使劳动力流动更有利于提高生产力和降低通货膨胀，政府应采取培训导向型的收入政策．或通过货币政策和财政政策的传导，鼓励企业和雇主增加培训支出并取消跳槽罚金。     

基于Hotelling模型变体的双寡头研究

对艾奇沃斯模型得出的不稳定价格和产出的结论,霍特林(Hotelling)建立一个空间模型并提出,在运输成本存在的情况下,价格和产出都是唯一确定的。Hotelling模型为研究空间竞争问题提供一个经典的范式,但是模型本身不能解释两厂商的串谋。本文将放松原模型中消费者的刚性需求假定,引入需求密度函数,弱化区位竞争,重点考察单位运输成本,把研究角度锁定在价格博弈层面上,有效的解释双寡头之间的串谋,并认为模型结论取决于单位运输成本。     

区域输电电价计算模型方法

介绍一种经济调度(ED)和潮流计算相结合的输电电价计算模型方法;提出一种旨在能回收成本和提高输电电网利用率的输电容量成本分配规则;最后,通过实验电力系统实例计算来比较各种输电容量成本分配规则或区域输电电价模型方法。     

A Brownian Motion Model for Technology Transfer: Application to a Machine Maintenance Expert System

Based on an analogy to the physical phenomenon of Brownian motion, Venkatesh Padmanabhan and Wm. E. Souder present a general purpose model to assist in the successful transfer of newly developed technologies. The model, named Techtran II, is successfully demonstrated with ten case studies showing how it helps managers develop a priori intervention strategies for improving transfer likelihoods. The results suggest that Techtran II can assist in overcoming problems in successful new product development, commercialization, transfer and user adoption. The Techtran II computer program is available to interested users and researchers.     

A Model of Arbitral Decision Making: Facts,Weights, and Decision Elements

This study provides a structural model of arbitral decision making that depicts arbitrators as deciding cases by ascertaining the facts, attaching weights to the facts, and combining the facts and weights to form decision elements that determine their decisions. The model further posits that arbitrators’ biographical characteristics affect their decisions by influencing their fact finding and weight assignments. It also allows for arbitrators’ characteristics to have a direct impact on their decisions. A test of the model indicates that the decision elements determine the arbitrators’ decisions but the arbitrators’ characteristics have a limited impact.     

A Structural Empirical Model of R&D,Firm Heterogeneity,and Industry Evolution*

This article develops and estimates an industry equilibrium model of the Korean electric motor industry from 1991 to 1996. Plant-level decisions on R&D, physical capital investment, entry, and exit are integrated in a dynamic setting with knowledge spillovers. We apply the novel approximation of oblivious equilibrium to estimate the R&D cost, magnitude of knowledge spillovers, adjustment costs of physical investment, and plant scrap value distribution. Knowledge spillovers are essential to explaining the firm-level productivity evolution and the equilibrium market configuration. A $15\%$ R&D subsidy maximizes industry output and is broadly consistent with a past policy initiative of the Korean government.     

发电竞价上网模式的研究

本文在总结国内外专家不同的研究基础上,结合自身从事电力技术经济研究的经验,提出了“效率优先与差价合同”相结合的模式,介绍了不同竞价模式的竞价原理、过程和操作方法,对发电竞价市场具有较好的理论价值和现实指导意义。     

Leeway for the Loyal: A Model of Employee Discretion

This article examines the factors underlying task discretion from an economist's perspective. It argues that the key axis for understanding discretion is the trade‐off between the positive effects of discretion on potential output per employee and the negative effects of greater leeway on work effort. In empirical analysis using matched employer–employee data, it is shown that discretion is strongly affected by the level of employee commitment. In addition, discretion is generally greater in high‐skilled jobs, although not without exceptions, and lower where employees are under‐skilled. Homeworking and flexitime policies raise employee discretion. The impact of teamworking is mixed. In about half of cases team members do not jointly decide about work matters, and the net effect of teams on task discretion in these cases is negative. In other cases, where team members do decide matters jointly, the impact is found to be neutral according to employees' perceptions, or positive according to managers' perceptions. There are also significant and substantial unobserved establishment‐level factors which affect task discretion.     

纸张涂层热导率的整体参数模型

随着涂布纸用量的不断增加,尤其在数字印刷中的广泛应用,对纸张涂层各项性能的了解成为必须。对纸张涂层热学性能更为详尽的了解可以提高印刷质量、节省电子成像和胶印的工艺成本。其他有关涂布纸的生产工艺也会因此受益。本文基于所用材料及其结构参数,提出了计算纸张涂层热导率模型,探讨了模型中的参数,并对皂石层和碳酸钙层的模型参数进行了对比。     

Innovations,Prices and Employment: A Theoretical Model and an Empirical Application for West German Manufacturing Firms

In this paper a theoretical model of the impact of product and process innovations on output, capacity utilization, employment and prices is developed. The model is estimated with a unique set of micro-data from West German manufacturing firms. The empirical results reveal that innovative firms are more successful. They show a higher utilization and more output and employment growth than non-innovative firms. Innovations also change market behaviour. In sectors with a large share of product innovators, firms more often change employment and less often change prices, i.e. product innovations reduce price competition.     

Commuting and Congestion: A Simulation Model of a Decentralized Metropolitan Area

In this paper, a simulation model of commuting behavior in a metropolitan area with decentralized employment and congestion is developed. The model is used to explore the linkage between the dispersed land use patterns in U.S. cities and long commuting journeys which cause congestion and air pollution. The results show that increasing the number of suburban subcenters in a metropolitan area could reduce commuting by 15% to 50%. However, only about one quarter of total urban travel is for commuting. Therefore the reduction in total urban travel that could be expected to result from even drastic policy measures to decentralize employment would probably be low—perhaps as small as 5%. Data are also presented giving private versus social costs of commuting per mile in central cities and suburbs.     

求解概率型网络计划时差问题的一种计算模型

对概率型网络计划问题,目前国内外的研究重点是网络计划的计算工期的估计和关键性的确定方面,对于线路和工作时差问题研究的较少,并且都是基于确定型网络计划时差的研究,而时差又是利用网络计划进行工程项目进度控制的一个重要参数.文章结合随机优势的思想,提出一种计算概率型网络计划线路和工作时差的计算模型,为概率型网络计划的时差问题提供了一些参考.     

基于判别分析的商业银行个人信用风险评价模型研究

本文首先通过筛选个人信用风险评级指标体系准则层和目标层的指标,其次通过Fisher判别分析模型构建了基于某银行实际样本的贷款临界值模型。并用样本值加以验证,结果发现判别分析可以最大限度地利用样本信息。     

电力工业改革理论依据及其模式综述

综合各文献观点,从自然垄断理论和管制理论两方面介绍了电力工业改革的理论依据,同时也介绍和分析了电力工业改革的各种模式。