Donor commitment: An investigation of fundraising strategies in churches and mainstream charities

One of the central questions in relationship fundraising is how to convert someone who makes a small yearly donation into someone who is a major donor covenanting a substantial part of his/her income. Drawing on research among 200 major UK fundraising charities, this paper explores how far the issue, of donor commitment is used in mainstream fundraising strategies, and finds that only a minority of charities place emphasis on this. This finding is compared with an analysis of models of giving in churches. It is argued that while churches may lack sophisticated approaches to fundraising, they may have important experiences in the area of committed giving which are relevant to fundraising strategies in other organisations.     

An Evaluation of ‘Work’ for People with a Severe Persistent Mental Illness

The idea of employment for people with a severe persistent mental illness (SPMI) has great merit and much research has been conducted which identifies the value of such initiatives. However, it seems that the success stories remain limited. This paper draws on the literature and research findings therein to suggest that the issue of employing someone with a SPMI is complex and that the reality of being able to achieve long-term satisfactory outcomes for all parties involved in employment relationships needs careful consideration. It contends that the idea of people with SPMI gaining meaningful work is important but that in doing so, there is a need to review the meaning of ‘work’ to one which incorporates a broader view of ‘occupation’ and inclusion of ‘daily activities’ as work. In addition, this paper emphasises the necessity to take an integrated approach which considers the needs and capabilities of the individual with SPMI and so, keep everyone well and safe, and improve individual’s quality of life. In light of this, this paper presents a diagram that articulates the various domains which need to be considered if someone with a SPMI is to engage with meaningful and sustained ‘work’.     

Self-defamation: Is a trend emerging?

The common law theory of defamation of character involves the invasion of one's interest in protecting his or her reputation. An actionable claim for defamation generally arises when false and defamatory facts about someone are communicated by the originator of the defamatory material to someone other than the person defamed. Under certain circumstances, however, the originator may be liable if the defamatory material is communicated to a third party by the defamed person himself or herself. This article examines what appears to be an emerging trend among the courts to recognize and apply the doctrine of self-defamation to the employment context. State and federal court decisions are summarized in order to identify and illustrate the relevant legal principles.     

高职教学中万用表的学习考核及电工技能探讨

万用表的使用方法是电工技术实训教学的重要内容,更是考取电工上岗证的必考内容。万用表的学习和考核是电工技能综合实训课程的重点内容,把万用表的学习和考核贯穿电工技能实训始终,通过技能综合实训,讲练结合,重在多练,学以致用,贯穿始终的教学方式,让学生反复多练、分阶段考核,以达到熟练掌握,为后续的课程学习和就业打下坚实基础。     

高职教学中万用表的学习考核及电工技能探讨

万用表的使用方法是电工技术实训教学的重要内容,更是考取电工上岗证的必考内容。万用表的学习和考核是电工技能综合实训课程的重点内容,把万用表的学习和考核贯穿电工技能实训始终,通过技能综合实训。讲练结合,重在多练,学以致用,贯穿始终的教学方式,让学生反复多练、分阶段考核,以达到熟练掌握。为后续的课程学习和就业打下坚实基础。     

中国证券市场羊群行为问题剖析

证券市场羊群行为指投资者面临不确定信息时，忽略私有信息，模仿他人决策。论文介绍了中国证券市场羊群行为问题的现状，分析成因，给出相应的建议。     

ENDING WELFARE AS WE KNOW IT: A MODEST PROPOSAL

Government welfare schemes are based on a false premise, the belief that forcible redistribution can be moral if the cause is just. People forget that whatever resources government has, it first had to take from someone. Government welfare schemes violate property rights and destroy incentives. There is no way to reform such a system simply. The only just system is one of voluntary charity. The government system, which relies on force, must be abolished and replaced by private charity.     

船舶桥楼值班报警系统(BNWAS)中检测系统的实现

桥楼航行值班报警系统主要用来保证船舶在航行时一直在驾驶台值班人员的控制中,保证驾驶台一直有值班人员值班,因此,及时准确地延时并进行报警就显得非常重要。     

A personnel perspective on managers' information overload

Managers are confused by the many theories they read about proper management. They need someone to put together the results of this fragmented research into some usable knowledge. Who should do this if not the personnel specialist?     

舞弊的种类、成因及其治理——基于上市公司会计舞弊研究

舞弊通常是指为获得非法利益采用不法手段所实施的故意行为。舞弊的种类、内涵及其结果往往因舞弊者的性质、动机和需求的不同而各异。本文主要对上市公司会计舞弊的含义、种类、特征及成因进行了研究，并提出了治理会计舞弊的基本对策。     

On Indirect Reciprocity

Abstract . Indirect reciprocity, defined as a beneficial act whose return comes from someone other than the act's recipient, is a common phenomenon in human societies. However, it is a poorly analyzed phenomenon with respect to payoffs. Are the expectations of return realistic, or not? Are these expectations pro‐social attitudes, or illusions induced through manipulation? I discuss four categories of putative indirect reciprocity, two of which pertain to interaction between individuals and two of which involve social systems. The conclusion is that two of these categories, reciprocal reputation and institutionalized reciprocity, are strongly linked to reciprocity, whereas the other two categories, generous reputation and metaphysical reward, are likely to involve only an element of illusionary reciprocity and a substantial degree of altruism.     

The sale of relational capital through tenure profiles and tournaments

In this paper, a specific form of human capital is analyzed, relational capital, which consists of matches between market parties. Search and information costs make these matches valuable to both parties. Its peculiarity is that the control over such matches is transferred within firms from those who initially control it to anyone who works with it for a period.This characteristic allows someone who approaches the end of his working life to sell his relational capital to junior partners. This sale can explain upward sloping tenure profiles and can result in tournaments if juniors are budget-constrained and perfect contracting is not possible. The need to keep the amount of relational capital constant implies a generational balanced workforce within each firm.     

社会资本发展对企业财务的影响分析

社会资本理论于80年代晚期才引起理论界的广泛关注,此后又引入企业社会资本概念。社会资本的积累直接关系到企业的生存与发展,本文将社会资本理论应用于财务领域,从收益和风险两方面探讨了企业投资于社会资本应考虑的问题,为企业有目的地构建社会资本做初步分析。     

恒通巨亏 央企中冶的“烧钱闹剧”

民营老板＂金蝉脱壳＂、商业银行＂转嫁风险＂——冲击＂世界500强＂的梦想使得中冶集团在唐山＂被导演＂了一场始乱终弃、代价高达几十亿元的闹剧     

The Statistical Interpretation of Forensic Glass Evidence

When examining a sample of glass fragments recovered from a suspect in a forensic case, many questions arise: “Did this man break that window?”, “Are these fragments from the crime scene source?”, “Do the fragments recovered from the suspect come from more than one source?”, “How common is it to find glass on someone unrelated with crime?” etc. Such questions are usually answered with the help of statistical methods. This paper reviews some of the statistical solutions and problems encountered in the interpretation and evaluation of forensic glass evidence.     

浅谈文件材料收集中存在的问题及对策

文件材料的收集是指依据一定的收集范围,通过一定的方法将单位和个人手中有价值的文件集中起来,以供归档整理、工作利用的过程。归档文件是否齐全完整,取决于文件材料的收集是否齐全。只有及时地、有针对性地收集各类文件材料,才能保证归档文件的齐全,才能真实、全面地反映单位的历史全貌和活动规律。本文根据平时工作实践,就本单位文件材料收集工作中存在的问题加以分析,并提出相应对策。     

Optimal Loyalty‐Based Management

We study an agency model in which an entrepreneur selects a manager from a candidate set. The selected manager's effort improves the project's potential environment, and is a hidden action. The realized project environment is the entrepreneur's private information. A manager's utility has two components—(i) loyalty, with which the manager values the organization's profit, and (ii) selfishness, with which the manager values the monetary transfer he receives from the entrepreneur. We find that if the manager's task is easy enough, it is optimal to use a purely loyal manager. Otherwise, it can be optimal to use a manager with mixture of loyalty and selfishness—the manager's mixed motivation alleviates the entrepreneur's misrepresenting incentive, and as a result, the output distortion in the optimal contract can be reduced. In addition, when it is optimal to use a manager with mixed motivations, the entrepreneur selects someone who is more selfish than loyal.     

Bowling alone but tweeting together: the evolution of human interaction in the social networking era

The objective of this paper is to theoretically analyze how human interaction may evolve in a world characterized by the explosion of online networking and other Web-mediated ways of building and nurturing relationships. The analysis shows that online networking yields a storage mechanism through which any individual contribution—e.g. a blog post, a comment, or a photo—is stored within a particular network and ready for virtual access by each member who connects to the network. When someone provides feedback, for example by commenting on a note, or by replying to a message, the interaction is finalized. These interactions are asynchronous, i.e. they allow individuals to relate in different moments, whenever they have time to. When the social environment is poor of participation opportunities and/or the pressure on time increases (for example due to the need to increase the working time), the stock of information and ties stored in the Internet can help individuals to defend their sociability.     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-person Kalai-Smorodinsky bargaining solution under pre-donations

This study examines the behavior of simple n-person bargaining problems under pre-donations where the Kalai-Smorodinsky (KS) solution is operant. Pre- donations are a unilateral commitment to transfer a portion of one’s utility to someone else, and are used to distort the bargaining set and thereby influence the bargaining solution. In equilibrium, these pre-donations are Pareto-improving over the undistorted solution; moreover, when the agents’ preferences are sufficiently distinct, the equilibrium solution coincides with the concessionary division rule.     

Farsighted house allocation

In this note we study von Neumann–Morgenstern farsightedly stable sets for Shapley and Scarf (1974) housing markets. Kawasaki (2010) shows that the set of competitive allocations coincides with the unique von Neumann–Morgenstern stable set based on a farsighted version of antisymmetric weak dominance (cf., Wako, 1999). We demonstrate that the set of competitive allocations also coincides with the unique von Neumann–Morgenstern stable set based on a farsighted version of strong dominance (cf., Roth and Postlewaite, 1977) if no individual is indifferent between his endowment and the endowment of someone else.