国际会计准则理事会金融资产减值准则改革最新动态

为应对金融危机的挑战,以国际会计准则理事会(IASB)和美国财务会计准则委员会(FASB)为代表的全球通用会计惯例制定机构正在采取措施改进现行准则。     

虱际会计准则理事会金融资产减值准则改革最新动态

为应对金融危机的挑战,以国际会计准则理事会（IASB）和美国财务会计准则委员会（FASB）为代表的全球通用会计惯例制定机构正在采取措施改进现行准则。为此,IASB启动了对国际财务报告准则第39号（IFRS39：金融工具确认与计量）的专项改进工作,     

公允价值的定义问题——基于美国财务会计准则157号《公允价值计量》

2006年9月,FASB正式发布第157号财务会计准则(FAS157)"公允价值计量".这份准则的发布引起了IASB和各国准则制定机构的强烈反响.     

国际

FASB与IASB发布公允价值计量准则 近日,美国财务会计准则委员会（FASB）与国际会计准则理事会（IASB）共同发布了关于公允价值计最和披露的最新规定。《国际财务报告准则第13号公允价值计量》（IFRS13）与     

国际会计准则理事会《公允价值计量》准则评介

历经近六年的艰苦研究,国际会计准则理事会（IASB）终于在2011年5月12日发布了IFRS13《公允价值计量》。作为IASB与美国财务会计准则委员会（FASB）的公允价值计量联合项目的最终成果,     

国际租赁准则新变化带来的思考

IASB和FASB于2010年发布租赁准则变化的征求意见稿,指出不再区分经营租赁和融资租赁,即“两租合一”,将租赁从“所有权”模型转变为“使用权”模型,这给我国租赁会计的发展提供指导方向。本文首先论述现行租赁准则存在的弊端,在此基础上对IASB和FASB发布的“使用权”模型进行可行性分析,旨在为国际租赁新准则在我国的应用提供策略。     

狼来了吗？（上）

2008年1月,国际会计准则理事会(IASB)发布经过修订的IFRS3企业合并和IAS27合并的与单独的财务报表;同时,美国财务会计准则委员(FASB)发布修订版FAS141企业合并和取代原ARB51的FAS160合并财务报表中的非控制性权益。这标志着双方合作进行的企业合并项目第二阶段终于曲终幕落,生根结果。IASB在2001年改组完成之后即致力于企业合并项目,当时美国FASB刚刚发布废止权益结合法和商誉摊销的FAS141和FAS142,于是IASB决定分两步走,第一阶段主要是追上FASB的步伐,第二阶段则准备与FASB联手打造一个高质量,甚至     

论我国公允价值应用规范体系及其完善——兼论公允价值计量准则引发的思考

正一,引言公允价值是近年来国际会计实务领域的一大挑战,也是会计研究中的一个热点话题。公允价值作为一种计量属性,因具有高度的相关性,得到了FASB和IASB的极大推崇。在美国财务会计准则委员会(FASB)发布的150项准则、国际会计准则委员会(IASC)/国际会计准则理事会(IASB)发布的50项准则中,分别有50项和23项准则涉及公允价值(Truong and Zijl,2005)。近年来,作为规范公允价值确认、计量和披露的公允价值计量准则无疑更受到业内的关注。FASB于2006年9月发布了《美国财务会计准则第157     

狼来了吗？（下）

我们说,狼没有来。不过,狼烟已起,IASB和FASB在新版合并准则中改变了现行准则中关于分次购并、与合并有关的费用、合并日所确定的或有对价以及非控制性权益的取得和处置等事项的会计处理方法,这是在不改变现行合并会计模式的前提下所能达到的最佳博弈均衡。在此均衡状态下,IASB和     

国际会计准则改革新动向

由2007年次贷危机引发的国际金融危机,暴露了国际会计准则的一系列问题,引发了国际社会和各国会计准则制定机构对国际会计准则的重新审视。公允价值计量的顺周期效应和金融工具会计准则的亲经济周期特点,导致众多投资者同时采取同方向的经济决策,使金融资产的流动性几乎陷于瘫痪。同时,国际会计准则的主要制定者——国际会计准则理事会(IASB)、美国会计准则委员会(FASB)——也因在金融危机中存在效率低下、理事代表性偏颇、公众     

Accounting Standards and the Judiciary

The aim of this paper is to assess by means of a study of decided cases the evidential weight attached by the courts to Statements of Standard Accounting Practice (SSAPs) and the status of their provisions relative to statutory accounting rules. This issue is discussed with reference to the accounting requirements of both the Companies Act and the Taxes Act. The extent to which non-statutory accounting principles have acquired the status of binding precedents is also considered. The study reveals that SSAPs have considerable persuasive value as evidence of accounting practice but that expert evidence has not been rendered redundant. There is considerable evidence that the courts regard the determination of accounting principles as a question of fact rather than law where statutory provisions are not in point.     

Bank Competition and Credit Standards

This article offers an explanation for the substantial variationof credit standards and price competition among banks over thebusiness cycle. As the economic outlook improves, the averagedefault probabilities of borrowers decline. This affects theprofitability of screening and causes bank screening intensityto display an inverse U-shape as a function of economic prospects.Low screening activity in expansions creates intense price competitionamong lenders and loans are extended to lower-quality borrowers.As the economic outlook worsens, price competition diminishes,and credit standards tighten significantly. Deposit insurancemay contribute to the countercyclical variation of credit standards.     

Lending Booms and Lending Standards

We examine how the informational structure of loan markets interacts with banks' strategic behavior in determining lending standards, lending volume, and the aggregate allocation of credit. We show that, as banks obtain private information about borrowers and information asymmetries across banks decrease, banks may loosen their lending standards, leading to an equilibrium with deteriorated bank portfolios, lower profits, and expanded aggregate credit. These lower standards are associated with greater aggregate surplus and greater risk of financial instability. We therefore provide an explanation for the sequence of financial liberalization, lending booms, and banking crises observed in many emerging markets.     

Domestic Accounting Standards, International Accounting Standards, and the Predictability of Earnings

We investigate (1) whether the variation in accounting standards across national boundaries relative to International Accounting Standards (IAS) has an impact on the ability of financial analysts to forecast non-U.S. firms' earnings accurately, and (2) whether analyst forecast accuracy changes after firms adopt IAS. IAS are a set of financial reporting policies that typically require increased disclosure and restrict management's choices of measurement methods relative to the accounting standards of our sample firms' countries of domicile. We develop indexes of differences in countries' accounting disclosure and measurement policies relative to IAS, and document that greater differences in accounting standards relative to IAS are significantly and positively associated with the absolute value of analyst earnings forecast errors. Further, we show that analyst forecast accuracy improves after firms adopt IAS. More specifically, after controlling for changes in the market value of equity, changes in analyst following, and changes in the number of news reports, we find that the convergence in firms' accounting policies brought about by adopting IAS is positively associated with the reduction in analyst forecast errors.     

会计准则的信息含量:中国会计准则与IFRS之比较

在我国 ,对如何实现中国会计准则国际化问题一直存在不同的认识。一种观点认为 ,不应过多地考虑“国家特色” ,主张尽快全面国际化 ;另一种观点则认为在会计国际化的同时 ,应当考虑并体现会计的国家特色 ,不应片面追求国际化。那么 ,究竟应当如何解决这些争端 ,把握好借鉴国际惯例和考虑中国国情的辨证关系 ,掌握好两者之间的结合“度” ?我们认为 ,会计准则信息含量的比较研究 ,可以帮助我们进行这方面的分析。本文采用实证研究的方法 ,通过中国会计准则与国际财务报告准则 (IFRS)信息含量的比较研究 ,为哪一种会计准则对信息用户更具决策相关性提供量化证据。研究结果表明 ,按照中国会计准则提供的会计盈余数据比按照国际财务报告准则提供的盈余数据更有信息含量。因而 ,当前我国的会计准则建设仍应考虑国情 ,不应当全盘照搬国际财务报告准则     

境外企业价值评估准则概览之二——欧洲评估准则

一、<欧洲评估准则>简介 <欧洲评估准则>(European Valuation Standards,EVS)是由欧洲评估师联合会(TEGOVA)制定的一部适用于欧洲地区的区域性评估准则,也是当前国际评估界具有重要影响力的评估准则之一.欧洲评估师联合会和<欧洲评估准则>都与欧盟的公司法特别是会计改革紧密相关,这一点与美国<专业评估执业统一准则>形成了明显的区别.     

Classifications Manipulation and Nash Accounting Standards

This paper studies a model of "classifications manipulation" in which accounting reports consist of one of two binary classifications, preparers of accounting reports prefer one classification over the other, an accounting standard designates the official requirements that have to be met to receive the preferred classification, and preparers may engage in "classifications manipulation" in order to receive their preferred accounting classification. The possibility of classifications manipulation creates a distinction between the official classification described in the statement of the accounting standard and the de facto classification, determined by the "shadow standard" actually adopted by preparers. The paper studies the selection and evolution of accounting standards in this context. Among other things, the paper evaluates "efficient" accounting standards, it determines when there will be "standards creep," it introduces and analyzes the notion of a Nash accounting standard, and it compares the standards set by sophisticated standard–setters to those set with less knowledge of firms' financial reporting environments.