绿色贸易壁垒对湛江小家电产品出口贸易的影响

发达国家通过制定高于发展中国家的环境标准,作为市场准入的限制条件,来推行新的贸易保护主义,从而使传统的贸易壁垒逐步演变成当代的绿色贸易壁垒。湛江机电产品已受到很大的冲击,特别是小家电产品。文章分析绿色壁垒产生的原因与形式以及对湛江小家电产品出口的影响,以求消除绿色壁垒对湛江小家电产品出口的影响。通过研究分析得到湛江小家电产品应从内外部出发实行各种相应的政策应对绿色贸易壁垒。     

俄将对部分进口商品强制管理

根据俄罗斯有关法律、法规的规定,属于强制认证的商品,必须具备俄罗斯联邦国家标准、计量、认证委员会签发的证书或其认可的外国机构按俄罗斯联邦现行的标准检验并签发证书,方可进入俄罗斯国境.强制认证的商品主要包括食品、饮料、机电产品、医疗保健用品等69类涉及安全、卫生项目的商品.今年10月1日起对中国出口俄罗斯的属于强制认证的商品,俄方将凭中国商检证书及按俄罗斯强制性标准检验的检测报告通关.望有关出口公司及生产厂家注意对俄出口工作.     

“技风”日盛技术壁垒愈筑愈高

随着经济全球化和贸易自由化的发展,关税、配额、许可证等传统的贸易壁垒逐步弱化,而以技术壁垒为主的贸易保护主义开始抬头,一些发达国家凭借在科技、管理、环保等方面的优势,设置了以技术法规、标准、合格评定程序为主要内容的技术性贸易壁垒,对市场准入设置了更为严格的条件。近一段时期,中国相当数量的传统优势出口产品(包括纺织品、农产品、机电产品)屡屡遭遇国外技术壁垒,对外贸出口造成了严重损害。     

机电产品出口贸易面临的问题与对策分析

机电产品出口贸易是国际市场中较大的行业,也是我国国民经济的支柱产业。对机电产品出口贸易进行研究,能够优化我国机电产品的结构、扩大机电产品出口量。但是,我国机电产品的质量较低、服务意识淡薄、内部竞争不规范,这些问题导致我国机电产品的国际竞争力较弱。文章分析了机电产品出口贸易所遇到的问题,并提出了相应的解决对策。     

我国机电产品质量问题及策略研究

当前人们的生活离不开机电产品,机电产品的监督和检验尤为重要,关乎着机电产品使用的质量.本文首先对我国机电产品出现的相关质量问题进行的分析,并根据这些问题重点提出了机电产品质量可靠性的提升战略,最后总结了我国机电产品质量检验监管的改进措施.     

产业转型升级背景下的机电产品营销策略研究——以高瑞数控技术(苏州)有限公司为例

与国外机电产品营销的悠久历史相比,我国的机电产品营销尚未成熟,还处于成长阶段.苏州制造业的转型升级给机电产品销售带来了巨大的商机,也对机电产品的营销提出了新的要求.     

试论机电产品的质量检验及其监督

机电产品在人类生产和生活中扮演着重要角色.机电产品的质量对其功能的发挥有着重要意义,我国始终坚持了对机电产品的严格监督与管理,笔者针对机电产品的管理现状分析了具体的检验和监督过程.     

中国机电产品出口增长波动研究——基于六大出口市场的研究

随着传统竞争优势弱化以及国际产业的调整,中国机电行业的确面临较大的压力,将进入"转弯期"。为了积极扩大中国机电产品对主要市场机电产品的出口,有必要对机电产品出口的六大主要市场的依赖性进行分析,并解释中国机电产品对六大市场出口增长的路径实现以及影响因素。研究结果表明,所选影响因素对集约边际和扩展边际的影响有所不同,因此制定机电产品出口政策对不同出口市场应有所区别。     

以自主品牌策略推动我国机电产品企业的出口

<正>自1985年国务院颁布了《关于扩大机电产品出口报告》,并对机电产品的出口提出了一系列鼓励的政策和措施以后,机电产品的出口很快在我国的出口中占据了半壁江山。从1995年开始,机电产品已经连续13年在我国出口中保持第一大类商品的地位。由此可见,机电产品企业的出口在我国外贸出口中地位举足轻重,对我国经济发展有着重要的意义。     

温州机电产品营销人才需求调研报告

温州制造业转型升级对机电产品营销提出新的要求,课题组对温州地区机电行业企业进行了调查研究,掌握了温州企业对机电产品营销人才的需求状况,并在此基础上进行机电产品营销专业建设。     

市场潜能加剧了性别工资不平等吗？

本文首先构造了我国338个城市包含海外和国内市场的总市场潜能指标,并利用2005年全国人口抽样调查数据和新经济地理学的基准工资方程,通过Heckman样本选择模型和RIF回归分解方法实证分析了市场潜能对性别工资不平等的影响。研究发现：市场潜能虽然对工资水平具有显著的正向拉动作用,并缩小了高技能劳动力的性别工资不平等,但扩大了低技能劳动力的性别工资不平等,从而加剧了整体的性别工资不平等,其中对低收入群体的加剧作用大于中高收入群体。RIF工资分解结果也证实了这一事实,且收入分布上半部分（90-50分位点）和工资结构效应对此贡献较大,尤其是市场潜能的工资结构效应贡献了总工资结构效应的60%以上,表明从城市间市场潜能及其对性别工资的影响入手,将是破解性别工资不平等难题的有效路径。     

HOUSING DEMAND IN A TRANSITIONAL MARKET: MOSCOW

Before Russia began its transition toward the market, its housing sector was perhaps the most controlled in the world. This paper employs data from a 1994 survey of Moscow households to estimate housing demand functions to evaluate whether behavior is consistent with market principles. Statistically significant, robust income elasticities are found for families who have engaged in recent market housing transfers. Insignificant results are found for those renting state-owned units. Families who have engaged in market housing transfers are smaller, younger and wealthier than other families in Moscow and end up living in less crowded conditions than state renters. The use of per capita living space as a proxy for market value, as has been done in previous studies of housing in Russia and the Soviet Union, is also evaluated.     

Firms,shareholders, and financial markets

We study the influence of the financial market on the decisions of firms in the real market. To that end, we present a model in which the shareholders’ portfolio selection of assets and the decisions of the publicly traded firms are integrated through the market process. Financial access alters the objective function of the firms, and the market interaction of shareholders substantially influences firms’ behavior in the real sector. After characterizing the unique equilibrium, we show that the financial sector integrates the preferences of all shareholders into the decisions for production and ownership structure. The participation from investors in the financial market also limits the firms’ ability to manipulate real prices, i.e., there is a loss of market power in the real sector. Note that, while the loss of market power changes expected profits, it is not detrimental to shareholders since the expected return of equity share depends on the variance (and not the mean) of profits. Indeed, any change in expected profits is absorbed by the financial price. We also show that financial access increases production, thereby altering the distribution of profits. In particular, financial access induces firms to take on more risk. Finally, financial access makes the relationship between risk-aversion and risk-taking ambiguous. For example, it is possible that an increase in risk-aversion leads to more risk-taking, i.e., the variance of real profits increases.     

Leasing in Russia: A Case Study

As Russia goes through the process of converting from a command to a market economy, many old business processes and standards had to be terminated and new methods implemented. Leasing is an example of a technique long in use in more developed economies that has been transplanted to Russia, with changes made to reflect the particular circumstances there. This paper examines the current state of leasing in Russia by concentrating on the experiences of one leasing company: Volgopromleasing. Interest rates and inflation rates that fluctuate widely and are sometimes extremely high, as well as a legislative environment that may be expected to change are some of the challenges faced by the firm. However, compensating opportunities exist: many Russian firms desperately need to update their equipment, the government is strongly interested in promoting rapid economic growth, and the legislation currently in effect favors leasing over other methods of acquiring fixed assets. Although leasing has the potential to assist Russian firms in modernizing and growing, and, therefore, to help the Russian economy in its effort to rapidly move to a new market economy, this can only occur in conjunction with other economic initiatives that also provide for growth and stabilization.     

中俄跨境电商服务供应链发展研究——以全球速卖通为例

指出随着中俄跨境电商的迅猛发展,跨境电商平台之间的竞争不断加剧且竞争焦点逐渐从商品竞争过渡到供应链和整体服务水平的竞争。结合全球速卖通在俄罗斯的跨境电商服务供应链的运营情况,通过建立PEST-SWOT矩阵模型,分析全球速卖通在俄罗斯市场的服务供应链发展的竞争态势及宏观环境,并针对其存在的问题提出了优化路径。     

村镇银行的市场准入浅析

村镇银行作为支持地方经济发展的新兴力量,旨在培育健康、多元的竞争性农村金融市场体系,有效增强对农户、农村、农业的金融服务。文中着眼于我国村镇银行的市场准入,通过分析村镇银行市场准入的特殊性以及村镇银行准入的现状,剖析了村镇银行准入中存在的问题,并针对存在的问题提出了几点对策建议。     

Adaptive market hypothesis: The story of the stock markets and COVID-19 pandemic

Since the level of markets’ information efficiency is key to profiteering by strategic players, Shocks; such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can play a role in the nature of markets’ information efficiency. The martingale difference and conditional heteroscedasticity tests are used to evaluate the Adaptive form of market efficiency for four (4) major stock market indexes in the top four affected economies during the COVID-19 pandemic (USA, Brazil, India, and Russia). Generally, based on the martingale difference spectral test, there is no evidence of a substantial change in the levels of market efficiency for the US and Brazilian stock markets in the short, medium, and long term. However, in the long term, the Indian stock markets became more information inefficient after the coronavirus outbreak while the Russian stock markets become more information efficient. Intuitively, these affect the forecastability and predictability of these markets’ prices and/or returns. Thereby, informing the strategic and trading actions of stock investors (including arbitrageurs) towards profit optimization, portfolio asset selection, portfolio asset adjustment, etc. Similar policy implications are further discussed.     

To eat or to be eaten–on the role of entrepreneurship in the Norwegian telecom access sector

The purpose of this paper is to analyse mechanisms of evolution by studying a population of firms involved in the provision of telecom access in Norway after the liberation of the telecom sector during the 1990s. The approach is based on a combination of theory on entrepreneurship and theories on sectoral innovation systems, in particular the role of entrepreneurship under different technological regimes. By analysing the role of different actors in the market for telecom access, the relationship between the previous state monopolist Telenor and other companies entering the market is discussed. The main conclusion is that Telenor, in spite of the liberalization of the telecom market, still is in a very dominant position in the markets for access provision. To the extent that Telenor is challenged, it is basically by other existing telecom companies. By the time of finalizing this paper (2006), none of the entrepreneurial firms have survived as independent firms. The main conclusion deriving from this analysis, is that the telecom access sector is characterized by the routinized regime, in which the larger, established firms are the dominant players. However, this does not mean that entrepreneurs do not play important roles. By starting their new ventures, entrepreneurs are challenging the positions of the incumbents; they are contributing to more competition and innovation. Without the pressure from the entrepreneurial entrants, the level of innovation in the sectoral system would have been significantly lower.     

CNG在海狮类轻型客车上的应用

金杯海狮轻型客车是华晨金杯的主流车型,有着16年的发展历程,连续10年成为中国国内市场的销售冠军,而且出口中东、俄罗斯、朝鲜等国家和地区,市场覆盖面不断扩大。为了让金杯海狮轻型客车纵横中国大地,不断超越过去,不断拓宽国际化经营道路,2007年决定与意大利的朗第伦索(Landi Renzo)合作开发海狮CNG车型,填补轻型客车双燃料市场的空白。     

俄罗斯纺织品市场准入制度简介

随着俄罗斯市场的崛起,俄罗斯市场准入制度的完善就变得重要起来,本文针对俄罗斯的纺织品市场准入制度现状进行了分析,包括关税壁垒及技术性贸易壁垒。