关于地方政府融资平台管理与信贷风险防范的思考

地方政府融资平台管理是当前投资管理的一个突出问题,是政府负债管理的重要内容之一,与银行信贷有密切的关系。从宏观经济和银行的角度,分析地方政府融资平台业务的内在缺陷和系统性风险,提出加强地方政府融资平台管理、以有效与银行信贷对接的建议,使银行在控制风险总量的前提下,积极调整信贷策略,合理把握信贷投放节奏,最大限度地支持地方经济发展,也使银行自身业务得以稳健发展。     

对地方政府融资平台风险管控的建议

近年来在我国宏观调控政策影响下,地方政府融资平台建设取得了较快的发展,推动了我国经济的持续快速增长,同时也引起了社会对地方政府融资平台的关注。政府融资平台的发展为缓解地方政府财政压力、筹措建设资金,整合公共资源和协调政府建设职能、加快城镇化发展做出了巨大的贡献。然而由于地方政府融资平台的法人治理结构不完善、负债率过高、运行不规范、还款资金来源不稳定等因素,导致融资平台产生了一定的金融风险,且风险在不断扩大和积聚。本文分析了地方政府融资平台的含义和当前融资平台所存在的风险,针对存在的风险,提出相应的加强融资平台风险管控的建议,以期对地方融资平台的建设和治理提供有价值的参考建议。     

浅析地方投融资平台公司风险防控及转型发展对策

地方投融资一般是指地方政府采用土地规划、资产补偿等手段,建立一个资产与财务指标可以满足融资标准的组织,经向银行借贷或是出售城投债等途径获得资金,主要用于基础设施创建及公益性活动,涉及城建投资机构与开发企业等。政府融资系统标准和发展论坛探讨会把平台公司确定为由地方政府负责,以地方政府的财政资金、信用和承诺作为承担确保获得各项融资,并投入政府主导创建项目的融资模式。基于此,文章详细阐述了地方政府投融资平台组织风险防控和转型发展策略。     

中国地方政府融资问题研究

地方政府融资平台在促进地方经济和社会发展方面做出了较大贡献,融资平台数量和规模过快发展致使地方政府融资风险加剧。本文分析了中国地方政府融资平台的产生和发展背景,并指出存在的各种问题,最后提出相应的对策建议,以引导地方政府融资平台健康发展。     

地方融资平台现状分析及可持续发展的建议

地方融资平台在地方经济建设中起到了重要的推动作用。在当前财税体系下．地方政府融资平台规模的壮大和存在的潜在风险不容忽视。如何在降低债务风险的前提下有效发挥地方融资平台的作用值得深思。文章主要从风险角度分析了当前地方政府融资平台面临的问题．并对今后发展方向的提出了几点建议．     

地方政府投融资平台风险及其防范措施——基于地方政府投融资公司视角

2010年末地方政府的投融资平台作为最活跃、最值得关注的融资主体,引起国内各界人士的广泛关注,政府投融资平台的迅速发展在对地方投融资带来积极的正效应的同时,也对政府债务产生重大影响,且进一步波及银行,有可能导致政府信用危机。本文从地方政府投融资机构的角度,提出强化行业管理;重申投融资平台的使命;拓宽融资渠道和运用平衡记分卡,建立投融资机构绩效评价体系这四个方面的地方政府投融资平台风险防范措施。     

对甘肃省地方政府融资平台的分析及改进建议

地方政府融资平台规模的膨胀及潜在的风险引发了社会各方的关注。为此，本文重点考察分析甘肃省地方政府融资平台基本概况．指出了甘肃省地方政府融资平台存在的问题．在此基础上提出了规范和完善甘肃省地方政府融资平台的若干对策与建议。     

加强政府融资风险管控的国际经验及启示

当前,我国地方政府融资平台贷款风险已引起了社会各界的广泛关注,防范和处置地方政府融资平台贷款风险已成为银行业的一项重要工作。基于些,在收集整理部分国家规范政府举债行为,防范和化解政府融资风险的相关经验做法的基础上,提出了相应的政策建议。 一、地方政府融资风险的现状     

地方政府融资平台贷款风险的分析与思考

为了有效防范财政金融风险,保证经济持续健康发展和社会稳定,国务院部署加强地方政府融资平台的管理和处理融资平台公司的债务工作。本文从地方政府融资平台贷款的现状,分析了其内在组织结构,并通过分析平台贷款的潜在风险,相应的给出了一些规范地方政府融资平台贷款的对策。     

地方政府融资平台投融资研究

为了促进地方经济的发展,地方政府进行了投融资体系的探索,逐步建立起地方政府融资平台,2009年以来地方政府的投融资平台逐渐成为较为活跃、引人注目的融资主体,在一定程度上解决了地方经济发展的资金短缺问题.但地方政府投融资平台发展不规范,其无序发展产生了诸多风险. 一、地方政府融资平台运行简析 1 地方政府投融资平台的建立 地方政府投融资平台是地方政府为解决地方经济项目建设而设立的融资机构.     

浅议欧洲债务危机及启示

为防止全球经济过度衰退,各国政府统一行动,采取了积极的财政货币政策,最大限度地减少金融危机所带来的影响,而欧元区国家却为此陷入了巨大的债务危机。本文讨论了导致债务危机产生的主要原因及影响,着重探讨债务危机给各国政府带来的启示教训,认为金融监管体系改革、透明化以及政府实行财政、金融改革,实施可持续公共财政是关键因素,对我国政府采取措施,建立一整套全面危机应对体制防范可能的金融风险提出了意见和建议。     

金融分权对企业投资效率的影响

本文基于金融分权的内涵,分析金融分权对企业投资效率的影响机制,并利用2003—2015年的上市公司数据,估算企业投资效率,实证检验金融分权对企业投资效率的影响。结果表明,金融分权降低了企业投资效率,并主要体现为投资过度;财政分权加剧了金融分权对企业投资效率的负效应。进一步研究发现,相对于国有企业而言,金融分权对非国有企业投资效率的负效应较小。中介效应检验表明,金融分权通过影响企业银行信贷和代理成本来降低企业投资效率。本文的政策含义是：理顺中央和地方财政关系,降低地方政府对金融资源的竞争性需求;完善地方政府官员考核机制,弱化地方政府参与金融竞争的激励;完善金融分权,既要求政府在保证金融市场稳定、不发生系统性风险的前提下应向市场逐步分权,又要求清晰界定中央政府与地方政府各自的监管权限,明确双方的救助责任。     

建立中小企业政策性信用担保体系问题研究

在当前地方政府应对国际金融危机的政策选择中,支持中小企业发展是一个重要着力点,而融资难问题又始终是困扰中小企业发展的难题。     

A Study of Effective Financial Support for SMEs to Improve Economic and Employment Conditions: Evidence from OECD Countries

Using a panel logit regression model, this study analyzes whether or not five categorized financial supports for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from the governments of 11 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries facilitate economic and employment growth: (1) direct government loans to SMEs; (2) government‐guaranteed loans to SMEs; (3) the reinforcement of relationship banking; (4) financial stability steps to ease pro‐cyclicality; and (5) equity‐linked financing. The academic contribution of this research is in identifying the optimal type of government financial support to SMEs given a country's level of financial crisis and market‐rate level. The main empirical test results are as follows. First, the type of financial support that contributes most to economic and employment growth is the set of steps that governments take to ease pro‐cyclicality. Second, the reinforcement of relationship banking can also contribute to improved economic and employment conditions. Third, in less capital‐intensive countries, the results confirm that economic and employment improvement occurs more often if equity‐linked financing is used. Fourth, the adoption of dynamic loan‐loss provisions to prepare for periods of economic recession is necessary to reduce the pro‐cyclicality of SME loans within the 11 OECD countries studied in this paper; it is also necessary to transition from a persistent monetary‐easing policy stance to a flexible monetary stance within a country's fiscal policy in order to make commercial banks benefit from an incentive‐like risk premium for SME loans despite the existence of economic recessions. Finally, the study finds that the need to apply equity‐linked financing methods through the stock market is especially urgent in developing countries. As the managerial perspectives, it is confirmed that easing pro‐cyclicality of SME loan and enhancing banking relationship can contribute to SMEs fund management. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

以应对金融危机的视角看我国城市化进程中地方财政困境的化解

全球性金融危机使我国经济遭到严重打击,也给我国带来了巨大的就业压力。笔者以为,当前形势下扩大就业的根本出路在于加快我国的城市化进程,而这一目标的实现又离不开地方财政的支持,然而94分税制后我国地方财政困境已是不争的事实,当前的经济形势又进一步加剧了地方财政的危机,因此,研究如何化解地方财政困境问题已成当务之急。     

Government debt and fiscal execution efficiency

Governments have used deficit policies in recent years, yet many still face fiscal debt problems. Thus, this research uses Range Directional Measure Dynamic Directional Distance Function model with negative data to explore the financial efficiency of local governments in Taiwan from 2011 to 2018. This article has three major contributions: (1) The research uses RDM Dynamic DDF model with negative data to solve the problem of negative values on input and output data and uses dynamic models to make up for the deficiencies of past research. (2) Due to the differences in regions, local governments have different fiscal budgets. Therefore, this article uses the Wilcoxon Test to explore the efficiency differences of local governments in different regions. (3) This article analyzes the impact of central subsidies and government deficits (debts) of local governments on fiscal efficiency, and discusses the efficiency of government fiscal execution. The results are as follows. (1) Seven counties and cities with the best efficiency, and seven local governments with poor efficiency. (2) The fiscal performances of outlying islands and eastern local governments are better than those of western local governments. (3) Kaohsiung City has the highest accumulated debt and Tainan City exhibits poor financial performance.     

Banking and sovereign debt crises in a monetary union without central bank intervention

We analyze the conditions of emergence of a twin banking and sovereign debt crisis within a monetary union in which: (i) the central bank is not allowed to provide direct financial support to stressed member states or to play the role of lender of last resort in sovereign bond markets, and (ii) the responsibility of fighting against large scale bank runs, ascribed to domestic governments, is ensured through the implementation of a financial safety net (banking regulation and government deposit guarantee). We show that this broad institutional architecture, typical of the Eurozone at the onset of the financial crisis, is not always able to prevent the occurrence of a twin banking and sovereign debt crisis triggered by pessimistic investors’ expectations. Without significant backstop by the central bank, the financial safety net may actually aggravate, instead of improve, the financial situation of banks and of the government.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

国际金融危机与中国财政政策设计：功能、目标、力度

本文结合国际金融危机,从理论和实践两方面探讨了中国财政政策设计和实施中存在的一些重要问题。一是从财政政策的维持和纠偏两方面,揭示了财政政策的基本功能,提出财政政策应该分为稳定和再稳定两类政策;二是从财政政策的经济和社会目标两方面,分析了财政政策目标错位问题,提出了财政政策目标应从实现经济增长调整为促进充分就业;三是从财政政策力度计量方面,考察了政府预算账户存在的问题,提出了单独设立稳定账户的设想。