交易技术、交易制度与交易成本--证券市场微观结构理论产生的原因、背景与学术渊源

对证券市场微观结构的研究多集中在模型的解释和应用方面，而对其理论产生的原因、背景和学术渊源等内在逻辑却少有关注。证券市场微观结构理论的产生是证券市场“潜在利润”增加导致其制度变迁的结果，在该理论产生和发展的几十年中，经济学和金融学的发展及其成果构成了它的理论背景。而一般均衡理论、新制度经济学，以及信息经济学等则构成其学术渊源，它们之间具有历史传承关系。     

本期导读

《佃农理论》是经济学家张五常现代合约经济学的开山之作。今天，《佃农理论》的价值随着时间推移其重要性越来越大，它不仅是现代合约经济学的开山之作，也是现代新制度经济学的经典之作。张五常深入地研究了市场经济条件下合约的本质以及交易费用的关系。现代合约经济学的研究已经渗透到经济学研究的各个领域，并成为现代经济学最热门的论题，张五常的《佃农理论》功不可没。     

本期导读

《佃农理论》是经济学家张五常现代合约经济学的开山之作。今天，《佃农理论》的价值随着时间推移其重要性越来越大，它不仅是现代合约经济学的开山之作，也是现代新制度经济学的经典之作。张五常深入地研究了市场经济条件下合约的本质以及交易费用的关系。现代合约经济学的研究已经渗透到经济学研究的各个领域，并成为现代经济学最热门的论题，张五常的《佃农理论》功不可没。     

西方产业经济学理论发展中的流派

西方产业经济学是国际公认的一门应用经济学学科，在经济学领域中成果丰硕，具有相当重要的学术地位，自其形成以来对西方国家的经济政策产生了巨大的影响，在其发展过程中形成了三大流派，对各流派的比较分析是理解和研究现代产业经济学理论的重要线索。     

西方产业经济学理论发展中的流派

西方产业经济学是国际公认的一门应用经济学学科,在经济领域中成果丰硕,具有相当重要的学术地位,自其形成以来对西方国家的经济政策产生了巨大的影响.在其发展过程中形成了三大流派,对各流派的比较分析是理解和研究现代产业经济学理论的重要线索.     

世界经济思想文明进程中的民国经济思想——以无形资产理论、货币理论和发展经济学为中心的考察

民国时期中国海外留学生积极吸纳世界经济思想文明成就,进行全新的学术建构,创造中国现代经济思想文明的学术体系,彰显了学术的独立性与生命力。其中,留学生在无形资产理论、货币理论和发展经济学三个方面甚至取得了跻身世界经济学学术之林的辉煌学术成就,影响了世界经济思想文明进程。     

西方经济学心理基础与中国经济学思维本土化--经济人假设的特殊性和局限性探析

现代主流经济学植根于西方社会的文化和心理,其理论假设和分析框架都是基于西方根深蒂固的自然主义思维;而中国社会的文化伦理和现实环境却与西方社会存在很大的差别,这是中国经济学人在主流经济学领域很难做出相应贡献的根本原因。正因为经济学具有强烈的本土性,其理论的构建和发展必须建立在本土行为机理的契合性基础之上,因此,中国经济学的实质发展贵在思维本土化。     

西方经济学心理基础与中国经济学思维本土化——经济人假设的特殊性和局限性探析

现代主流经济学植根于西方社会的文化和心理,其理论假设和分析框架都是基于西方根深蒂固的自然主义思维;而中国社会的文化伦理和现实环境却与西方社会存在很大的差别,这是中国经济学人在主流经济学领域很难做出相应贡献的根本原因。正因为经济学具有强烈的本土性,其理论的构建和发展必须建立在本土行为机理的契合性基础之上,因此,中国经济学的实质发展贵在思维本土化。     

现代契约经济学对现代企业理论的影响

现代契约经济学以科斯论文《企业的性质》中整套的概念和分析方法为理论出发点,逐渐地研究出了一个新的理论体系,而契约经济理论作为现在企业理论的研究方向之一,尤其是现代企业理论中的交易费用理论、委托-代理关系理论和产权理论都与现代契约经济密切相关。现代契约经济的研究同事还解答了如何利用新理论来解决由于所有权与控制权相分离引起的利益冲突的问题。本文在通过总结现代契约经济学发展体系和现代企业理论的基础上,从中归纳出现代契约经济学对现代企业理论所产生的影响。     

现代经济学的西方化与中国经济学人的边缘化--经济学队伍中地区结构失衡的文化因素探析

现代主流经济学队伍中存在明显的区域结构失衡,有影响的中国经济学人以及受儒家文化影响的学者非常罕见。究其原因在于,现代主流经济学具有强烈的“西方化”特征：不仅反映的是西方人的心理、思维及行为,而且较为适用于西方社会的现实环境,从而极大地限制了中国经济学人的研究及其相应的贡献。文章认为经济学理论本身都嵌入在特定的文化和心理意识之中,中国经济学人要在经济学领域取得广为认同的学术贡献,必须构建嵌入本土文化和心理意识的中国经济学范式。     

仁义礼智信忠孝新论

仁、义、礼、智、信、忠、孝是儒家伦理学中的基本概念，也是中国古代化中的基本概念．本立足于这些概念的字学基础，通过逻辑思辩的方法，试图给它们以新的阐释。     

第一是位置，第二是位置，第三还是位置

工业园区、经济特区在一个国家经济稳步快速发展中发挥着不可忽视的作用，这样的例子比比皆是，越南也不例外。到目前为止，越南国内已经建有154家注册在案的工业园区，多集中在北、中、南重要经济区域内。虽然这些工业园区对越南经济发展贡献巨大，但是，其中许多家正式投入运营多年，园内仍空空如也，只有少数工业园区的使用面积比率和发展速度达到开发商预计的目标。     

跨国农业垄断公司对中国农业产业链的多维渗透及破解思路

近年来,以ABCD四大粮商和孟山都等为主要代表的跨国农业垄断公司加速从资本、技术和服务领域对中国农业产业链进行渗透。在资本方面,跨国农业垄断公司已在中国进行深耕,并开始进入更多细分市场;在技术方面,对核心技术的高效转化和集中掌握使其占据了农业产业链的制高点;在服务方面,对贸易、加工、仓储等服务环节的渗透使其获得了高额利润。中国农业企业是抵御跨国农业垄断公司渗透的根本,但目前中国农业企业的竞争力整体上低于跨国农业垄断公司,未能掌握核心技术、因投资回报率低而不愿深耕农业以及市场机制被扭曲是中国农业企业竞争力不足的主要原因。面对跨国农业垄断公司的多维渗透,中国应加强“监督审查”以构筑农业产业发展安全网,强化“创新引领”以打造农业企业核心竞争力,主动“扎根县域”以厚植农业企业的国内发展根基,积极“乘船出海”以拓展农业企业的全球发展空间,坚持“市场主导”以优化农业企业运营市场环境,进而谋求中国农业企业与跨国农业垄断公司的竞争均势。     

Alliance competence, resources, and alliance success: Conceptualization, measurement, and initial test

This research examines the effect of an alliance competence on resource-based alliance success. The fundamental thesis guiding this research is that an alliance competence contributes to alliance success, both directly and through the acquisition and creation of resources. Using survey data gathered from 145 alliances, empirical tests of the hypotheses provide support for the posited explanation of alliance success. The findings indicate that an alliance competence is not only antecedent to the resources that are necessary for alliance success but also to alliance success itself. C. Jay Lambe (Ph.D., The Darden School at University of Virginia) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Pamplin College of Business at Virginia Tech. For 10 years prior to entering academe, he was engaged in business-to-business marketing for both Xerox and AT&T. His research interests include business-to-business marketing, relationship marketing, marketing strategy, and sales management. He has publications in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Product Innovation Management, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, theInternational Journal of Management Reviews, theJournal of Business-to-Business Marketing, and theJournal of Relationship Marketing. He also serves as a reviewer for theJournal of Business-to-Business Marketing. Prior to joining the faculty at Virginia Tech, he was one of five Texas Tech University faculty members chosen in 1999 from the entire university for the annual Outstanding Faculty Member Award by the Mortar Board and Omicron Delta Kappa (Texas Tech University student organizations that recognize excellence in teaching). Robert E. Spekman is the Tayloe Murphy Professor of Business Administration at the Darden School at the University of Virginia. He was formerly a professor of marketing and associate director of the Center for Telecommunications at the University of Southern California. He is an internationally recognized authority on business-to-business marketing and strategic alliances. His consulting experiences range from marketing research and competitive analysis, to strategic market planning, supply chain management, channels of distribution design and implementation, and strategic partnering. He has taught in a number of executive programs in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Asia, and Europe. His executive program experience ranges from general marketing strategy, to sales force management, to channels strategy, to creating strategic alliances, to business-to-business marketing strategy, to a number of single-company and senior executive management programs. He has edited and/or written seven books and has authored (coauthored) more than 80 articles and papers. He also serves as a reviewer for a number of marketing and management journals, as well as for the National Science Foundation. Prior to joining the faculty at the University of Southern California, he taught in the College of Business at the University of Maryland, College Park. During his tenure at Maryland, he was granted the Most Distinguished Faculty Award by the MBA students on three separate occasions. Shelby D. Hunt is the J. B. Hoskins and P. W. Horn Professor of Marketing at Texas Tech University, Lubbock. A past editor of theJournal of Marketing (1985–87), he is the author ofModern Marketing Theory: Critical Issues in the Philosophy of Marketing Science (South-Western, 1991) andA General Theory of Competition: Resources, Competences, Productivity, Economic Growth (Sage, 2000). He has written numerous articles on competitive theory, macromarketing, ethics, channels of distribution, philosophy of science, and marketing theory. Three of hisJournal of Marketing articles—“The Nature and Scope of Marketing” (1976), “General Theories and Fundamental Explananda of Marketing” (1983), and “The Comparative Advantage Theory of Competition” (1995) (with Robert M. Morgan)—won the Harold H. Maynard Award for the best article on marketing theory. His 1985Journal of Business Research article with Lawrence B. Chonko, “Ethics and Marketing Management,” received the 2000 Elsevier Science Exceptional Quality and High Scholarly Impact award. His 1989 article, ”Reification and Realism in Marketing: in Defense of Reason,” won theJournal of Macromarketing Charles C. Slater Award. For his contributions to theory and science in marketing, he received the 1986 Paul D. Converse Award from the American Marketing Association, the 1987 Outstanding Marketing Educator Award from the Academy of Marketing Science, and the 1992 American Marketing Association/Richard D. Irwin Distinguished Marketing Educator Award.     

我国服务贸易发展中的问题、成因和对策研究

改革开放以来,我国对外服务贸易取得了快速增长。但由于服务贸易发展的基础不牢、服务产业结构不合理等原因,致使我国的服务贸易发展存在总体发展规模相对滞后、贸易商品集中于传统领域等问题。促进我国服务贸易又好又快发展,需要社会各界,特别是有关政府部门、相关企业及行业协会等各类主体相互配合、共同努力。     

Child labor legislation: effective, benign, both, or neither?

This paper explores the relationship between the state-specific child labor legislation and the decline in child labor that occurred in the US between 1880 and 1900. The existing literature that addresses this question uses a difference-in-difference estimation technique. We contribute to this literature in two ways. First, we argue that this estimation technique can produce misleading results due to (a) the possibility of multiplicity of equilibria and (b) the non-linearity of the underlying econometric model. Second, we develop an empirical strategy to identify the mechanism by which the legislation affected child labor decisions. In particular, besides establishing whether the legislation was effective or not, our analysis may determine whether the legislation constituted a benign policy or not, i.e., whether the legislation constrained the behavior of families (not benign) or whether it changed the labor market to a new equilibrium in which families voluntarily respected the law (benign).     

理解凭单制:渊源、机制、模式及运用

凭单制作为政府改革工具,实质是在公共服务中引入市场机制的一种制度安排。它渊源于新自由主义经济学,从消费者角度通过强化其选择权而巧妙植入市场竞争机制。凭单制存在公平导向、效率导向及公平与效率兼顾等不同政策取向及模式。尽管它在公共部门需要一定的运作条件,但能广泛运用于包括食品、住房、医疗、教育、幼儿保健等具有融合特征的"福利物品"提供领域。     

Materialism, status signaling, and product satisfaction

The consumer satisfaction literature has not, for the mos part, integrated individual values into the product evaluation process. Yet a comprehensive understanding of consumer satisfaction can best be attained by including both consumer and product factors. To demonstrate the usefulness of including individual values, this research focuses on one consumer value, namely, materialism. The authors empirically explore how this individual value is linked to consumers’ evaluations of products they have purchased. Using surveys, the authors collected data from a sample of college students (n=211) and a sample of adults (n=270). Across these two studies, using divergent samples and products, they find consistent evidence that materialism is negatively related to product satisfaction in product categories with high potential for status signaling, but unrelated to product satisfaction in product categories with lower potential for status signaling. The consumption goals that produce these product evaluations are empirically addressed Jeff Wang (jianfeng76@yahoo.com; PhD, City University of Hong Kong) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Faculty of Business at the City University of Hong Kong. This work was conducted when he was a doctoral student of marketing in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona. His research interests include social networks and consumer behavior, consumer satisfaction and well-being, materialism and consumption meanings, and consumer interests and public policy issues. His dissertation studies credit card debt as a socially embedded phenomenon and investigates how consumers leverage their interpersonal ties as they accumulate and repay their debt. Melanie Wallendorf (mwallendorf@eller.arizona.edu) is Soldwedel Professor of Marketing in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona. She holds an MS in sociology and a PhD in marketing from the University of Pittsburgh. Her articles on the sociocultural aspects of consumption have been published in theJournal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing Research, Advertising and Society Review, Addiction, Journal of Macromarketing, andAmerican Behavioral Scientist, among others. Her coauthored article on “The Sacred and Profane in Consumer Behavior” won theJournal of Consumer Research Best Article Award in 1992. Her research has been featured in theWall Street Journal, The Washington Post, The New York Times, American Demographics, andFortune, and has been funded by the Marketing Science Institute, the Arizona Disease Control Research Commission, and the Office of Earth Science at NASA.