基于风险最小化套期保值模型对静态套期保值策略下的套期保值比率及套期保值绩效的研究

本文基于风险最小化套期保值模型对静态套期保值策略下的套期保值比率及套期保值绩效理论,分析我国股指期货的交易数据,从而选取适合我国股指期货市场的套期保值模型。     

基于风险最小化套期保值模型对静态套期保值策略下的套期保值比率及套期保值绩效的研究

本文基于风险最小化套期保值模型对静态套期保值策略下的套期保值比率及套期保值绩效理论,分析我国股指期货的交易数据,从而选取适合我国股指期货市场的套期保值模型。     

时间序列方法和衍生品定价模型在套期保值中的应用与绩效比较

研究时间序列方法和衍生品定价模型在套期保值中的应用以及比较其套期保值有效性问题,不仅可以解决套期保值比率的计算问题,而且能够为我国铜企业的套期保值业务提供有理论指导并且切实可行的套期保值方法。本文从马柯维茨投资组合理论出发,把时间序列方法和衍生品定价模型运用到我国铜期货市场的套期保值,并实证比较分析了两种方法在样本内和样本外的套期保值效果。结果显示:在样本内和样本外,由于考虑了期货价格与现货价格的协整关系,ECM-BGARCH模型比衍生品定价模型具有更好的套期保值效果。     

国际融资风险管理的套期保值工具

在以市场利率和浮动汇率为主导的当前国际经济环境下,汇率变动风险和利率变动风险成为国际融资必须面对的日常风险。本文讨论了国际融资风险管理的套期保值工具及其运用。国际融资汇率风险管理的套期保值工具主要包括远期外汇合约、外汇期货合约和外汇期权合约。国际融资利率风险管理的套期保值工具主要包括货币互换、利率互换、远期利率协议、利率期货和利率期权。     

套期保值工具及其风险管理

在经济全球化、金融自由化的今天,世界经济充满不确定性,各种原材料价格大幅波动给所有企业生产、销售计划带来很大困难,企业经营对衍生品期货市场的价格发现和风险规避功能的需要会进一步增强,为了规避价格波动风险,企业必须利用衍生品做套期保值,以对冲现货价格波动带来的风险及锁定成本和预期利润,保证经营计划顺利完成,衍生品规避风险在我国经济发展中将起到举足轻重的作用。     

我国企业金融衍生品投资风险控制探究

美国次贷危机和由次贷危机所引起的全球金融危机,使人们对金融衍生品有了新的认识,企业合理运用衍生品交易,可以有效对冲风险、避免损失,但如果把握不好,也可能深受其害。因此,金融衍生品是一把双刃剑。随着国际金融危机的蔓延,我国部分企业陆续曝出因参与金融衍生品交易产生巨亏的消息,但我们不能以此否定衍生品的积极所用。金融机构需要加强创新研发;政府相关部门需要给企业创造一个有法律保障油制度规范的金融衍生品交易的良好环境。     

信用风险管理与信用衍生产品

本文首先介绍了信用风险管理的传统方法和度量手段及影响,然后指出其不足之处,并引出信用衍生产品。信用衍生产品主要通过将信用风险从其他风险中剥离出来,转嫁其他机构以达到降低自身的风险的暴露水平,然后再系统地分析各种主要的信用衍生产品的基本原理之上,分析了利用信用衍生产品管理信用风险并说明了意义所在,最后对如何在中国金融市场上应用它提出了几点建议。     

Weather Derivatives and Weather Risk Management

Weather derivatives are a relatively recent kind of financial product developed to manage weather risks, and currently the weather derivatives market is the fastest-growing derivative market. The development of weather derivatives represents one of the recent trends toward the convergence of insurance and finance. This article presents an overview of weather risks, weather derivatives, and the weather derivatives market, and examines the valuation of weather derivatives in an incomplete market, the hedging effectiveness of standardized weather derivatives, as well as optimal weather hedging with the consideration of basis risk and credit risk.     

Hedging and Coordinated Risk Management: Evidence from Thrift Conversions

We provide an explanation for hedging as a means of allocating rather than reducing risk. We argue that when increases in total risk are costly, firms optimally allocate risk by reducing (increasing) exposure to risks that provide zero (positive) economic rents. Our evidence shows that mutual thrifts that convert to stock institutions increase total risk following conversion, consistent with their increased abilities and incentives for risk taking. They achieve this increase by hedging interest-rate risk and increasing credit risk. We provide some evidence that risk-management activities are related to growth capacity and management compensation structure attained at conversion.     

基于加权GCA模型复合天气衍生品产品基差风险对冲研究

天气衍生品产品基差风险削弱了对天气风险的对冲效果,但对冲方法的研究却较缺乏,尚未形成明确的思路。本文选取我国江西省1978—2014年的气温和降雨数据,以棉花种植业为对象,分别应用简单线性组合加权法、加权灰色关联系数法及加权灰色关联序数法,确定影响棉花生长的主要天气因素,对产品基差风险的对冲效果进行了实证比较分析。研究发现:加权灰色关联系数法优于加权灰色关联序数法,随着所购买天气衍生品种类的增加,衍生品的买方的产品基差风险逐渐降低,超过合理范围后反而造成更大的产品基差风险。因此,可依据灰色关联系数权重选择天气衍生品的种类和比例,达到降低产品基差风险目的。     

Corporate Risk Management for Multinational Corporations: Financial and Operational Hedging Policies

Under what conditions will a multinational corporation alterits operations to manage its risk exposure? We show that multinationalfirms will engage in operational hedging only when both exchangerate uncertainty and demand uncertainty are present. Operationalhedging is less important for managing short-term exposures,since demand uncertainty is lower in the short term. Operationalhedging is also less important for commodity-based firms, whichface price but not quantity uncertainty. When the fixed costsof establishing a plant are low or the variability of the exchangerate is high, a firm may benefit from establishing plants inboth the domestic and foreign location. Capacity allocated tothe foreign location relative to the domestic location willincrease when the variability of foreign demand increases relativeto the variability of domestic demand or when the expected profitmargin is larger. For firms with plants in both a domestic andforeign location, the foreign currency cash flow generally willnot be independent of the exchange rate and consequently theoptimal financial hedging policy cannot be implemented withforward contracts alone. We show that the optimal financialhedging policy can be implemented using foreign currency calland put options and forward contracts.     

Hedging Housing Risk*

An unusually rich source of data on housing prices in Stockholm is used to analyze the investment implications of housing choices. This empirical analysis derives market-wide price and return series for housing investment during a 13-year period, and it also provides estimates of the individual-specific, idiosyncratic, variation in housing returns. Because the idiosyncratic component follows an autocorrelated process, the analysis of portfolio choice is dependent upon the holding period. We analyze the composition of household investment portfolios containing housing, common stocks, stocks in real estate holding companies, bonds, and t-bills. For short holding periods, the efficient portfolio contains essentially no housing. For longer periods, low-risk portfolios contain 15 to 50 percent housing. These results suggest that there are large potential gains from policies or institutions that would permit households to hedge their lumpy investments in housing. We estimate the potential value of hedges in reducing risk to households, yet yielding the same investment returns. The value is surprisingly large, especially to poorer homeowners.     

衍生品风险管理系统：引进与开发

在一片要求加快推出金融衍生品交易的呼声中,国内各金融机构为了能获得其交易资格,正在按照银监会的要求建立自己的风险管理系统,这其中相当大的部分正在或将会从国外直接引进。由于商业市场上各种风险管理系统差异很大,且价格不菲,各引进机构需要对此有足够的认识,以免造成失误。通过对这类系统做了多方面的比较分析,笔者介绍了国外在购买这类系统的一些经验,建议有关方面加强引进工作的指导和协调,并提出应尽快引进相关人才、自主开发出适合中国国情而又与世界衍生品交易市场接轨的风险管理系统。     

利率衍生工具与我国商业银行利率风险管理

随着我国利率市场化的推进,商业银行已积聚了巨大的金融风险同时还将面临利率频繁波动所带来的利率风险。然而传统法的资产负债管理法无法满足利率风险管理的需要;虽然利率衍生工具能够有效地化解商业银行利率风险,但衍生市场还处于刚刚起步阶段。因此借鉴国际经验,结合现实情况,我国应尽快发展利率衍生工具市场,完善商业银行利率风险管理模式。     

清算机构场外衍生品集中清算风险监管研究

场外衍生交易清算机构高度集中了场外衍生交易的交易对手风险和操作风险,若丧失清偿能力可能引发或加剧系统性风险。金融监管机构应当在衍生交易清算机构的成员资格、风险管理、违约管理等方面对其加强风险监管。监管机构应在清算机构公平公开的成员准入要求与控制成员对清算机构和其他成员带来风险之间实现平衡,对同时参加若干清算机构的成员施加较高的最低资本要求;加强清算机构的流动性风险和投资风险监管,要求清算机构建立危机后业务恢复、清算持续机制;在违约管理制度设计中应避免追加保证金要求引发成员的流动性危机乃至加剧金融系统内流动性危机,以及因非违约成员对违约基金增加出资限额不明确而产生的成员之间的风险传染效应。