国际贸易对性别工资差距的影响:基于CHFS数据的研究

文章构建了国际贸易影响分技能劳动力性别工资差距的理论模型,并运用2011年中国家庭金融调查数据(CHFS)进行均值回归和分位数回归。实证研究结果显示:就总体性别工资差距而言,国际贸易虽扩大了性别工资差距,但对分技能性别工资差距的影响存在差异,贸易对低技能劳动力的性别工资差距有缩小作用,对高技能劳动力的性别工资差距有扩大作用;就不同地区性别工资差距而言,国际贸易提高了沿海地区的工资水平,并有助于缓解该地区的性别工资差距,但对内陆地区工资水平的提高有不利影响;就分技能的分位数性别工资差距而言,在工资分布的不同位置上,国际贸易总是在扩大高技能劳动力的性别工资差距,同时国际贸易有缩小工资分布中的中低端低技能劳动力性别工资差距的作用,这大致印证了上述均值回归的结果。基于以上结论,在贸易促使竞争加剧的背景下,即便高技能女性有时也难以从贸易中获得和男性均等的利益,虽然改善女性的个体特征(如受教育程度)有助于缓解性别工资差距的问题,但只有政府加强对劳动力市场的监管、完善社保制度,才能为解决性别工资差距建立更有效的制度保障。     

国际贸易环境对我国纺织品出口影响的经济学分析

文章从经济学角度对当前我国纺织品出口面临的国际贸易环境进行研究,对各种贸易保护措施的影响归类分析,得出我国出口纺织行业在成本、价格、数量、贸易条件、行业福利和贸易流向方面均受到不利影响的结论。     

劳动力跨国流动与国际贸易之间关系的研究综述

劳动力跨国流动与国际贸易之间的关系问题是当今西方经济学界的学术前沿问题之一,也是西方各国政府施政的理论依据之一。劳动力跨国流动与国际贸易之间的关系到底是替代还是互补或者是两者皆有可能,目前在国际学术界并无定论,其结果关键取决于具体案例和建模方式。文章从理论和实证两个方面对西方学者关于劳动力跨国流动与国际贸易之间关系的已有的研究成果进行归纳,并做简要评论。     

国际贸易与气候变化问题:一个文献综述北大核心CSSCI

国际贸易和气候变化是关系人类发展和福祉的两个重要议题。本文对国际贸易与气候变化这一研究领域的文献作一个综述,着重从"国际贸易对气候变化的影响"、"气候变化对国际贸易的潜在冲击和影响"以及"气候保护与贸易自由化的冲突和协调机制"三方面对20世纪90年代以来的相关文献进行归纳和评述,指出了现有研究不足以及未来研究拓展的方向。     

我国工资差距的影响因素分析——基于制造业面板数据的研究

本文借鉴成本函数的研究方法,采用我国1993～2010年19个工业细分行业的相关数据考察了影响熟练劳动与非熟练劳动相对工资变化的因素。通过计算行业的VSS和回归估计发现,国际贸易和技术进步才是拉动我国相对工资差距的主要原因,外包对相对工资差距起到微弱的缩小作用。根据行业的要素密集度,本文继续将工业行业划分为3个子样本,进一步考察了这些因素对不同要素密集型部门的相对工资的影响,结论与总体回归基本一致。本文的结论与理论预期的不一致,可能是由中国劳动力市场的特殊性和中国加工贸易的特点决定的。     

贸易与收入分配关系的理论和实证研究回顾

20世纪90年代末,随着全球化的急剧推进,各国非熟练劳动力的收入日益恶化且收入差距也迅速扩大,使得贸易对收入分配的影响成为各国学者研究的热点。无论是传统的国际贸易理论,还是当代的新国际贸易理论对贸易是否会影响国内收入分配这一问题上一直充满争议。本文对贸易与收入分配关系的理论和实证研究进行简单的回顾和归纳,并在分析现有研究成果的基础上指出今后这一问题的研究动向。     

《世界经济》征稿启事

《世界经济》是一份综合性的经济学理论刊物。主要刊登经济学各个领域的理论研究论文,在侧重于发表世界经济相关领域理论研究的同时,也刊登有关中国经济体制改革、经济学基础理论、经济思想史、经济史、管理经济学等方面的理论研究及相关理论研究综述。一《世界经济》期刊对论文的基本要求1.论文要清楚地提出问题。对所研究问题的理论和现实背景有清楚的描述,对相关     

《世界经济》征稿启事

《世界经济》是一份综合性的经济学理论刊物。主要刊登经济学各个领域的理论研究论文,在侧重于发表世界经济相关领域理论研究的同时,也刊登有关中国经济体制改革、经济学基础理论、经济思想史、经济史、管理经济学等方面的理论研究及相关理论研究综述。一《世界经济》期刊对论文的基本要求1.论文要清楚地提出问题。     

农业财政补贴的经济学理论依据分析

农业补贴作为世界绝大多数国家尤其是发达国家支持和保护本国农业的一种基本政策,虽然补贴方式和结构各有变化,但绝对数额都在上升.近几年我国也开始对农业实施保护,并加大对农业的财政补贴力度,但理论界对农业补贴的问题仍然持有争论,反对农业补贴的声势越来越大.文章从公共经济学理论、福利经济学理论、制度经济学理论和新国际贸易学理论寻求农业财政补贴的依据.     

《世界经济》征稿启事

《世界经济》是一份综合性的经济学理论刊物。主要刊登经济学各个领域的理论研究论文,在侧重于发表世界经济相关领域理论研究的同时,也刊登有关中国经济体制改革、经济学基础理论、经济思想史、经济史、管理经济学等方面的理论研究,及相关理论研究综述。一《世界经济》期刊对论文的基本要求1.论文需要清楚地提出问题。对所研究问题的理论和现实背景要有清楚的描述,对相关领域现有的研究程度要     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.