国际保理业务的运作及其风险规避

国际保理在国际范围内已经是一项比较成熟的业务,但目前我国的保理业务仍处于探索阶段,加快国际保理业务的发展是我国商业银行面对国际金融新形势的必然选择,也顺应了当今国际贸易发展的要求。本文通过对国际保理业务中单保理和双保理运行模式的介绍,探讨保理业务中存在的风险,并对如何规避保理业务风险进行深入分析,以期对国际保理业务的发展有所裨益。     

国际保理业务初探

2004年国际保理组织IFG,在国内设立的第一家经营国际保理业务的企业落户天津滨海新区。本文从国际保理业务发展概况、业务流程及特点出发,结合我国保理业务发展现况,提出发展我国保理业务的建议。     

我国国际保理中保理商的风险与防范对策研究

国际保理业务是一项跨国的综合业务,解决了国际支付中风险过大的问题。本文首先对我国国际保理商面对的风险进行了分析,进而从全局的角度分析了我国国际保理业务的现状,提出了应对国家保理业务的风险对策,即降低应收账款的风险,将信用风险降至最低,全面抵御其他风险。我国也应当对相关立法进行完善,提高保理商风险的内部控制力度,促进保理市场的全面健康发展。这样,才能最大程度降低我国国际保理中保理商的风险。     

保理对我国中小企业的适用性分析及运作模式探讨

近年来,保理业务在我国国际、国内贸易中得到了迅速的发展.但与发达国家情况不同的是,我国的保理客户群体主要为大型企业,而在中小企业中却鲜有运用.通过本文的分析,我们得出,保理业务对我国广大中小企业有着更大的适用性.在现阶段,可以尝试通过出口信用保险公司和信用担保机构同商业银行合作的模式,来共同开展针对中小企业的国际、国内保理业务.     

我国商业银行发展国际保理业务研究

近年来,国际保理业务作为一种新型的贸易融资结算方式被引入我国,得到了长足的发展.但目前我国的国际保理业务仍处于探索阶段,远远落后于发达国家.     

商业银行开展国际保理业务面临的法律风险及其防范

近年来,国内各家商业银行纷纷重视国际保理业务,并且试图从操作层面进行规范,以有效地防范风险.对于操作层面的业务人员而言,国际保理业务的法律风险尤为值得关注.国际保理业务既涉及了进出口商之间的买卖法律关系,又涉及到出口保理商和出口商之间的保理关系,还涉及了出口保理商与进口保理商之间的法律关系,这些关系都可能影响到银行保理商开展保理业务的风险大小及其控制问题.因此,银行保理商了解国际保理业务的法律风险极为必要.本文首先论述了国际保理的意义及其法律特征,然后分析了银行开展国际保理业务面临的主要风险,最后提出了银行开展保理业务防范法律风险的对策建议.     

国际保理业务中出口商的风险及防范——一则双保理案例

我国于1992年引入国际保理业务,而且近几年的发展势头非常强劲.特别是金融危机的爆发,为国际贸易的发展带来挑战的同时,也为国际保理的发展迎来了新的机遇.本文通过案例分析了国际保理业务中出口商所隐含的风险,进而提出了具有可操作性的各种防范风险的措施.本文的创新点主要在于对文献的整理以及对出口商在国际保理业务中面临的风险的分类角度.     

我国国际保理业务的反思和完善——基于应收账款转让的分析

具有贸易融资等功能的国际保理是日益受到重视的金融服务方式。国际保理的本质是其债权转让性质。相关立法的缺失是制约我国国际保理业务发展的重要因素。完善债权让与法律制度、加强社会信用体系建设以及加强对保理业务的立法监管是我国保理业务发展的现实之需。     

我国开展国际保理业务的风险思考

国际保理业务日渐成为中外银行竞争的焦点，但从我国的现实来看，国际保理蕴涵的巨大风险成为其发展的主要障碍之一。本文从国际保理业务的运行机理、风险构成来对其风险进行具体解析，在此基础上提出防范我国国际保理业务风险的对策建议。     

关于应收账款保理业务的研究

本文通过对我国保理业务发展现状的分析,针对我国保理业务发展缓慢、与经济发展水平不相适应、以及国际和国内保理业务发展不平衡等问题,提出了加强宣传,让保理业务深入人心、促进保理市场的健康发展等措施。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

金融企业员工考核系统的设计

一、概述 为配合公司人事考核制度的贯彻执行,保证该制度执行过程中各项工作能够长期、高效、准确地完成,我们开发了公司员工考核系统,实现了人事考核工作中员工投票、考核统计、考核信息分析、报表生成等功能,减少了人事部门人员的手工操作,提高了考核工作的自动化程度.