货币政策区域非对称性在中国的实证检验

随着经济快速发展和区域经济差距逐渐拉大,货币政策的区域非对称性也逐渐成为理论界关注的焦点。使用SVAR模型与脉冲响应函数,定量分析了货币政策对我国各经济区域产出和物价影响的动态过程。研究结论表明,长期内我国货币政策对各地区的人均产出影响趋同,而对各地区的物价水平影响存在显著差异,而短期内货币政策冲击对各地区产出和物价在响应程度和时滞上都具有显著差异。     

中国货币政策的宏观经济效应——基于不同中介目标SVAR模型的比较分析

本文首先采集中国1999—2011年季度数据,构建由GDP、外汇储备、CPI和不同货币政策中介目标组成的四变量SVAR模型族,然后通过Cholesky分解施加约束,测算出不同货币政策冲击对产出波动和价格波动的具体效应。研究结果表明,货币政策冲击在中短期内对产出波动具有最多不超过11%的影响,且数量型中介目标的冲击效应要强于价格型中介目标;多数货币政策冲击对物价波动的影响要大于其对产出波动的影响,且解释程度多在12%左右。货币政策在一定程度上既是价格波动的根源,也是应对通货膨胀的有效手段;随着M2可控性的逐步减弱和国内信贷调节有效性的逐渐丧失,中国未来货币政策中介目标应向利率转移。     

货币政策冲击效应的区域非对称性研究

使用SVAR模型与脉冲响应函数、方差分解方法定量分析了1994～2007年我国统一的货币政策冲击对三大经济区域产出影响的动态过程。结果表明:长期内我国货币政策具有中性,短期内具有区域效应,而且在整个过程中呈现出一定的趋同特征。表现为,一方面,货币政策冲击对各地区产出在响应程度和时滞上具有显著差异;另一方面,冲击对各地区经济波动的贡献率随着时间而趋于一致。     

“机会主义”策略及其在中国货币政策中的运用

本文融合"机会主义"货币政策时变中间目标和阈值效应的特征,提出了含时变产出中间目标的"机会主义"货币政策规则,并利用时变阈值的"泰勒规则"从通胀和产出两方面对我国货币政策规则进行了考察。研究表明,我国利率的调节同时兼顾了经济增长和物价稳定,且调节程度依赖于通胀、产出与其中间目标的偏离程度,表现出"机会主义"货币政策策略的特征。利率对经济增长与其中间目标较小的偏离([-1.478,1.522])就会作出反应,而对通货膨胀与其中间目标较大的偏离([-2.55,2.15])才会作出反应。在我国"十二五"期间,为了实现促进经济平稳较快发展和保持物价总水平基本稳定的总体目标,我国货币政策应该采取更加灵活成熟的"机会主义"策略,调整对通货膨胀调节的力度和敏感度,同时应增强经济可能遭受负面冲击的预期,努力实现"控通胀稳增长"的目标。     

"机会主义"策略及其在中国货币政策中的运用

本文融合"机会主义"货币政策时变中间目标和阈值效应的特征,提出了含时变产出中间目标的"机会主义"货币政策规则,并利用时变阈值的"泰勒规则"从通胀和产出两方面对我国货币政策规则进行了考察.研究表明,我国利率的调节同时兼顾了经济增长和物价稳定,且调节程度依赖于通胀、产出与其中间目标的偏离程度,表现出"机会主义"货币政策策略的特征.利率对经济增长与其中间目标较小的偏离([-1.478,1.522])就会作出反应,而对通货膨胀与其中间目标较大的偏离([-2.55,2.15])才会作出反应.在我国"十二五"期间,为了实现促进经济平稳较快发展和保持物价总水平基本稳定的总体目标,我国货币政策应该采取更加灵活成熟的"机会主义"策略,调整对通货膨胀调节的力度和敏感度,同时应增强经济可能遭受负面冲击的预期,努力实现"控通胀稳增长"的目标.     

利率非对称性传导效应实证分析

本文运用Granger检验、ADF单位根检验、Engle-Granger两步法协整检验和自回归分布滞后模型,选取1993—2007年的样本数据,实证分析了利率对经济运行变动趋势的四个关键性因素——货币供给、投资、产出、物价的作用效应。研究结果表明,利率传导存在非对称性效应,其非对称性表现在以下三个方面:紧缩性货币政策利率传导效应大于扩张性货币政策利率传导效应;利率冲击对投资的作用效应非对称性较弱;利率冲击对物价的效应相对利率冲击对产出的效应而言,前者更有效,利率冲击对物价作用的效应非对称性大于利率冲击对产出作用的效应非对称性。     

美国数量宽松货币政策对中国宏观经济的影响分析

本文主要研究美国数量宽松货币政策的实施对中国宏观经济变量,特别是对中国物价和产出的影响。文章通过构建含有块外生性的结构VAR模型,对比检验数量宽松货币政策实施前后的不同影响。脉冲响应结果表明,美国数量宽松货币政策对中国产出和物价均存在正向影响,其中对前者的影响大于后者。方差分解结果显示,美国实施数量宽松货币政策以后,美国货币政策指标对中国产出和物价波动的贡献率显著上升。总体而言,通过金融市场渠道传导的货币政策效应强于国际贸易渠道。     

中国货币政策对资产价格波动反应的模拟分析

利用包含汇率波动和通胀预期的IS-Philips模型推导考虑资产价格的货币政策反应函数。在此基础上,分别以股价和房价作为资产价格的代理变量,模拟分析了资产价格波动对中国经济的影响。研究结果表明:考虑资产价格的货币政策在平抑产出和物价波动方面具有显著作用,但会增大利率波动幅度;考虑房价波动的货币政策比考虑股价波动的货币政策在平抑产出和物价波动方面具有更好的效果;与考虑股价波动的货币政策相比,考虑房价波动的货币政策对利率的冲击更小。     

物价上涨、增长衰退与我国货币政策的有效性分析

近段时期以来,囿于美国金融危机的冲击,物价波动、人民币升值以及经济增长趋缓的压力开始成为货币政策调控的焦点所在。长期以来,宏观领域积累的流动性过剩实际上是对我国货币供求非均衡———即超额货币现象的反映,文章从理论分析和实证检验的角度,通过对货币供给与物价和产出相互关系的理论分析和检验,指出了目前经济条件下我国货币政策调控面临的困境,并针对这些问题就提高我国货币政策调控的有效性提出了几点建议。     

我国货币政策效果非对称性研究——来自1996～2009年的经验证据

本文基于VAR模型对我国货币政策产出效应和价格效应的非对称性进行了实证研究。研究结果表明：我国货币政策效果的确存在非对称性。在短期内。紧缩性货币政策效果要优于扩张性货币政策；在中长期内，扩张性货币政策效果更持久；而在长期内，无论是扩张性货币政策还是紧缩性货币政策对产出和物价都没有影响。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。