Some virtues of dissatisfaction in the science and practice of personnel selection

Dissatisfaction with traditional ways of thinking and doing things can either be mere reaction to tradition or useful in developing .improvements in the scientific foundations and practices of management. In the specific field of employee selection, seven areas of dissatisfaction are enumerated and discussed. In most of them, those who have published their dissatisfactions have also pointed to ways to do things better. The conclusion is that dissatisfaction can point to ways to expand the options in the way employee selection programs are conceived and operated, without total abandonment of the valuable results that have accrued from traditional practice.     

Adverse selection in group insurance: The virtues of failing to represent voters

Compared with non-union workers, union workers take more of their compensation in the form of insurance. This may be because unions choose democratically, and democratic choice mitigates adverse selection in group insurance. Relative to individually-purchased insurance, we show that group insurance chosen by an ideal profit-maximizing employer can be worse for every employee, while group insurance chosen democratically can be much better. The reason is that democracy can fail to represent the preferences of almost half the group.Received: January 2003, Accepted: September 2004, JEL Classification: J51, D82, G22     

Economic well-being and morbidity of the elderly in Malaysia

Studies about the elderly are mostly focused on morbidity and psychological conditions of the elderly. Effects of social relations have been noted to be important for the well-being of an elderly person. Later studies have begun to look at socioeconomic status of the elderly to see its relation to the level of morbidity. This paper is based on a nationwide survey. A total of 10 percent of elderly total population was interviewed to obtain socioeconomic and lifestyle information. A self reporting method was used as it was easiest to obtain the answers from the elderly. A total of 1410 elderly respondents aged 60 and above were interviewed from the regions of northern, eastern, middle and southern Peninsular Malaysia and also from Sabah and Sarawak. The data was analyzed using the SPSS 16. Quantitative analysis based on mean, standard deviation and multiple regressions was done. Findings show that higher morbidity rate lowers ones economic well-being. Females report higher morbidity then males, while those who are married and residing in rural area also reoort lower morbidity.     

老龄化社会城市老年政策的理念变革

分析中国老龄化社会城市遭遇的各种老年问题,讨论了老龄化城市社会问题的主要特征、发展趋势和解决老龄问题的重要性.回顾国外老龄化进程中的公共服务政策,认为中国城市应对日益加剧的老龄化应进行城市治理理念与公共服务理念的变革.提出政策创新体系基础上的老年社会政策与社会福利增长的对策与建议.     

The design of residential homes for the elderly: An examination of variations with census data2

British central government policy regarding the size and design of residential homes for the elderly has changed direction a number of times in the post-war period. Employing data collected in the Census of Residential Accommodation of 1970, the effectiveness of these policy changes is analysed in a multiple regression framework. The results suggest that Central and Local Authority policies have been only partially successful in ensuring minimum standards of design and cast considerable doubt upon the efficacies of converting private dwellings into residential homes.     

A microeconometric analysis of housing and life satisfaction among the Vietnamese elderly

This study examines the relationship between housing and subjective well-being among the Vietnamese elderly, using data from the 2011 Vietnam Ageing Survey. Our regression analysis reveals that permanent housing and better amenities are major factors contributing to housing satisfaction and life satisfaction. Notably, we find that housing satisfaction has a strongly positive impact on life satisfaction and the impact is stronger after controlling for endogeneity problems. Thus, the finding confirms that housing is an important life domain and as a result, housing satisfaction is a strong predictor of life-satisfaction judgments. The findings might suggest that people made a rational choice when they invested a large amount of resources in their houses with notable well-being gains. Also, another implication here is that policies and programs to assist poor families in moving out of temporary accommodation or improving housing amenities are likely to be beneficial in improving well-being for the poor elderly.

     

Projecting the future size and health status of the U.S. elderly population

"A projection model based on a multivariate continuous state, stochastic process is presented. The model allows multiple time-varying covariates to be used so parameters can be estimated from time series information on health changes and mortality, and their interaction. Health changes are simulated by altering parameters controlling the age trajectory and diffusion of risk factor means, variances, and covariances....By increasing the information used in projections it may be possible to better (a) anticipate the state of health at extreme ages, (b) forecast changes in health at specific ages over time, (c) stimulate the effects of specific interventions, and (d) determine the sensitivity of outcomes to a range of interventions."     

Dilettantism in investigating the impact of the Internet on the wellbeing of the elderly

The surge of interest in the social impacts of the Internet has led information systems experts to apply methods and theories garnered from disciplines such as psychology and sociology. As researcher look across disciplines for methods and explanations of outcomes, they run the risk of researching badly. This may be because they are inexperienced in the theory or method, or because the theory or method is not entirely applicable to the context that challenges them. Thus, in the search for the novelty necessary to achieve publications, and given the lack of experience in applying information systems to issues beyond the corporate sphere, research that does not hold water is being undertaken. This is of particular interest because it is not necessarily being undertaken by the novice. The research reported here was undertaken by experienced researchers using experimental and interview methods with which they had experience in other disciplines (psychology and economics). However, the context of researching the impact of the Internet on the quality of life of first time users over the age of 65 was sufficiently different as to render the methods and possibly the theory inappropriate. This dilettantism must be recognized for what it is.     

Subjective well-being among the elderly: A bibliometric analysis

Demographic trends have stimulated interest in empirical research on subjective well-being among the elderly. Despite the steep increase in published articles, no one has yet provided a summarized review of the scientific landscape. With this article, we aim to fill this research gap by providing a bibliometric analysis of the field. We do so by collecting a broad dataset of publication data from 1961 to 2016 found on the Web of Science webpage. By combining quantitative scientometric methods, as well as qualitative methods, we were able to provide a historic context of research on subjective well-being among the elderly and distinguish the most important articles, authors, journals, organizations and countries in the field. We found a big leap in research on subjective well-being among the elderly in the last 10 years, as well as a substantial globalization of the field. Although research on subjective well-being among the elderly has clear antecedents, we expect the field to further increase and mature due to more scholars from different braches of science joining the conversation.

     

Social Security and elderly labor supply: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study

This study uses panel data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to estimate the effects of Social Security income on elderly labor supply in the 1990s and early 2000s. The identification strategy takes advantage of the 1977 amendments to the Social Security Act, which led to a large, unanticipated reduction in Social Security benefits for those born after January 1, 1917. Despite the advanced age of the notch cohorts, there is a significant, negative and surprisingly elastic relationship between Social Security income and hours of work. This suggests that currently proposed reductions in benefits would induce Social Security recipients to work more hours in retirement, even through their 70s and early 80s.     

Using Medicare data for short-run projections of the elderly population.

As the elderly population of the United States grows in absolute number and as a proportion of total population, accurate projections of that population become increasingly important for sound policy decisions. Cohort component techniques are typically used for state and local projections of the elderly population, but are often outdated or even nonexistent for many local areas. This paper suggests an alternative approach, based on Medicare data and simple projection techniques. Projections for several base periods and projection horizons are made for all states and for counties in Florida and are compared with actual Medicare enrollment. On the basis of these comparisons it appears that Medicare data and simple projection techniques can produce very useful short-run projections of the elderly population for states and local areas.     

Effect of factors with time-dependent covariates on the survival status of the elderly in Taiwan

The elderly population has been increasing rapidly in recent years because of improvements in medical care and the progress in economics in Taiwan. Now, the population of old people age above 65 has approached 10%, and problems of the elderly have become a major concern for public health. In this study, we use five waves of Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan held from 1989 to 2003 to explore 15 variables related to demographic characteristic, health status, health behavior and home condition etc. affect the survival status of the elderly by employing Cox proportional hazard model. The results show that there are nine variables, e.g. age, gender, ethnic group, ADL, self-rated health, physical function, smoking, chewing betel nuts and marital status, were strongly related to the survival status of the elderly. In addition, Aalen’s nonparametric additive model is not only used as an alternative to a proportional hazards to describe the effects of covariates on survival time but assist in detecting and describing the nature of time-dependent effects of covariates used for Cox proportional model. We find there are some time-dependent covariates (e.g. self-rate health, ADL function, and physical function), and Aalen’s nonparametric additive model provides a flexible and nonparametric method for investigating the time-dependent variables through plots of the estimated cumulative regression coefficients, with confidence intervals.     

Distinguishing aging,period and cohort effects in longitudinal studies of elderly populations

In the analysis of longitudinal data sets describing the characteristics of elderly populations it is useful to distinguish aging, period, and cohort effects. An aging effect is a change in variable values which occurs among all cohorts independently of time period, as each cohort grows older. A cohort effect is a change which characterizes populations born at a particular point in time, but which is independent of the process of aging. A period effect is a change which occurs at a particular time, affecting all age groups and cohorts uniformly. In this paper a dummy variable regression technique and a parallel graphical technique are introduced as means of identifying aging, cohort, and period effects in a longitudinal data set. These techniques are applied to data describing Los Angeles County which appeared in the censuses of 1940, 1950, 1960 and 1970. Trends in residential density, home ownership, housing value, apartment living, rental rates, one-person households and racial composition are investigated, and aging, cohort and period effects are noted and interpreted.     

Home safety,accessibility, and elderly health: Evidence from falls

This article presents estimates of the impact of home safety and accessibility features on the prevention of serious, non-fatal falls for elderly widowed individuals. As these features are not randomly assigned across homes, we develop an instrumental variable (IV) strategy that relies on the differential decline in the health and functional status of spouses to identify impacts. Specifically, we use the deceased spouse’s functional status when alive, as measured by limits to Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), as an IV for the presence of home safety and accessibility features for the surviving spouse in the years after widowhood, and then estimate the effect of these features on the likelihood of a serious fall for the widow using rich longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study. The presence of such features reduces the likelihood of a fall requiring medical treatment by 20 percentage points, a substantial effect. However, falls are not the type of health shock that is a main driver of housing tenure transitions among the elderly. Although somewhat speculative, cost–benefit estimates suggest that investments in home safety for the elderly may generate in the short run as much as a dollar-for-dollar reduction in medical expenditures.     

A narrative exploratory study on the perspectives about physical exercise practise in a sample of Portuguese elderly

Quality & Quantity - The overall prevalence of inactivity among individuals aged 55 or older in Portugal is the highest in Europe therefore it’s important to develop effective strategies...     

走进供应链的ERP

分析了ERP的发展历程，并着重指出电子商务环境下基于供应链的ERP才是未来企业信息管理的发展方向。     

天津卫派文化在“一带一路”下的内涵重构

针对一带一路下天津卫派文化的转型问题,首先解析卫派文化的形成轨迹与内涵构成;其次,探讨一带一路战略与卫派文化转型的契合;最后,从四个方面探讨卫派文化在一带一路战略下的内涵重构。研究结果表明:卫派文化的内涵重构应增加善治因素、吸收东亚文化的积极因素、创新码头文化、吸收中亚文化的积极因素。     

技术中介市场作用机制及其声誉的模型探讨

随着我国技术市场的不断完善和发展,技术中介的作用日益凸现。本文从技术中介的重要作用出发,探讨了客户在选择技术中介时中介机构声誉的重要性、影响技术中介声誉的因素以及技术中介与客户相互作用的机制。     

谈灯具质量鉴别

灯具质量问题不容忽视。一旦购进并安装使用劣质产品，使埋下安全隐患，危及人民生命和财产安全。因此，必须加强灯具产品质量的监督检验，确保产品质量符合国家标准要求。同时，作为消费者应掌握一定的消费知识，以便买到安全可靠的灯具。     

特许经营的风险分析

特许经营作为一种全新的商业模式 ,在我国的大城市、沿海地区、经济特区迅猛发展。它的巨大优势已被其海外一百余年的发展历史所证明 ,但在其优势背后也潜藏着经营风险。本文从特许人和受许人两方面分析了其潜在的风险,并根据正常营业的加盟店的经营情况进行了风险测算 ,用内部收益率法和净现值法来计算其收益。