战略导向、创新能力禀赋与国际化研发强度__基于我国上市公司数据的分析

从影响我国企业研发国际化战略的内生性要素出发,分析了其当前战略中市场导向性和技术导向性与国际化研发强度之间的关系,并从资源角度探讨了企业创新能力禀赋的中介传导作用。在此基础上,以商务部境外投资企业目录中建有海外研发机构的254家上市公司为样本,应用泊松回归对理论分析进行了检验。结果表明:对于存在显著国际化研发战略意图的我国企业来说,其当前战略的市场导向性对国际化研发强度具有显著的抑制作用,而战略的技术导向性对国际化研发具有显著的激发作用;创新能力禀赋对国际化研发强度具有显著正向影响,并且在战略的技术导向性影响国际化研发过程中具有部分中介传导作用。因此,顺应经济高质量发展的时代需要,树立创新为本的战略导向,构建创新发展理念和创新文化传承,强化创新资源和能力的持续积累是我国企业推进国际化研发战略的重要手段。     

融资约束、创新投入与国际化经营企业价值研究

以2005-2016年我国上市国际化经营企业为研究对象,采用面板数据分析融资约束、创新投入与企业价值的关系。实证结果表明：融资约束对国际化经营企业创新投入强度影响不显著,在全样本和高融资约束组中与企业价值显著负相关;创新投入具有中介作用,能显著提升国际化经营企业价值且有迟滞性;国际化程度与创新投入正相关,在全样本组中与企业价值呈U型关系;在控制变量中,实际有效汇率、净资产收益率与国际化经营企业价值显著正相关,而企业规模则与企业价值显著负相关。研究结论对于我国企业有效参与国际市场竞争、实现可持续发展具有参考意义。     

融资约束、创新能力与企业协同创新

随着技术结构日益复杂,协同研发逐渐成为企业实现创新的重要方式。本文通过构建一个简单的理论模型,提出融资约束和创新能力会抑制企业协同研发的研究假说。据此,本文利用2012年世界银行调查问卷数据中关于中国企业的样本对以上模型进行检验。实证结果表明:在相同条件下,企业融资约束越宽松、创新能力越弱时,其协同研发的意愿及支出均相对越高,其中创新能力的负面作用来自于企业专有能力的不足。此外本文还发现,企业在面临激烈的产品市场竞争时,融资约束对自身研发、协同研发的抑制效应会更明显。据此结论本文提出,政府可以通过完善金融服务体系、加强知识产权保护、鼓励企业纵向合作来促进企业参与协同创新,从而加快企业转型升级。     

数字化转型、研发国际化与企业创新绩效

数字化转型不仅改变了国际创新网络的创新分工,也影响了企业研发国际化战略的价值布局,是企业创新的主要动力来源。以2006—2021年的A股制造业上市公司为研究对象,通过运用Heckman两阶段模型实证分析了数字化转型背景下研发国际化与企业创新绩效的关系机制。研究发现,数字化转型有利于促进企业展开研发国际化;数字化转型有助于释放研发国际化对企业创新绩效的积极作用;研发国际化战略布局的多元化更有利于企业创新绩效的提升;异质性分析中,研发国际化对国有企业、高技术产业样本企业及低创新资源城市样本企业的创新绩效展现出更强的提升效应;环境不确定性、供应链集中度在研发国际化与企业创新绩效的关系中具有正向调节作用,而分析师关注则具有负向调节作用。研究结论对于深入推进产业数字化,营造繁荣有序的产业国际协同创新生态,构建具有抗冲击能力、较强韧性的国际创新网络,发挥数字化转型在研发国际化与企业创新间的积极作用具有重要意义。     

国际化对新兴市场企业创新能力的影响

国际化已成为新兴市场企业实现创新追赶的重要战略。然而,现有研究关于新兴市场企业国际化对创新影响的条件和机制缺乏关注。基于知识观和二元性整合视角,探索国际化对新兴市场企业创新能力的影响,并以中国高技术企业上市公司为样本进行了实证检验。结果发现,国际化广度对企业创新能力具有显著正向影响,国际化深度对企业创新能力具有显著正向影响,国际化广度和深度对企业创新能力具有正向交互作用。结论对于新兴市场企业国际化具有理论贡献和现实意义。     

国际化对新兴市场企业创新能力的影响——基于不同维度的交互作用

国际化已成为新兴市场企业实现创新追赶的重要战略。然而,现有研究关于新兴市场企业国际化对创新影响的条件和机制缺乏关注。基于知识观和二元性整合视角,探索国际化对新兴市场企业创新能力的影响,并以中国高技术企业上市公司为样本进行了实证检验。结果发现,国际化广度对企业创新能力具有显著正向影响,国际化深度对企业创新能力具有显著正向影响,国际化广度和深度对企业创新能力具有正向交互作用。结论对于新兴市场企业国际化具有理论贡献和现实意义。     

融资约束对研发投入的影响

文章以2012—2015年A股上市公司为研究样本,研究了融资约束对研发投入的影响。研究结果表明,融资约束的存在阻碍了上市公司进行研发投资的倾向及研发投入强度,较高的融资约束严重阻碍了上市公司的研发创新活动。因此,为了促进上市公司的研发投入,解决融资约束问题是关键。     

融资约束、代理成本与企业非效率研发投资研究

通过构建一个异质性双边随机边界模型,以湖北省上市公司为样本,定量考察了融资约束和代理成本对企业非效率研发投资的影响方向及程度。结果表明：①融资约束和代理成本对企业研发投资水平具有重要影响,并且,融资约束对企业研发投资的影响程度强于代理成本;②整体上湖北企业研发投资较最优水平低18.05%,但约32.84%的公司研发投资高于最优水平,约59%的公司研发投资不足程度超过10%;③企业非效率研发投资的异质性较强,地方国有企业和民营企业普遍研发投资不足,中央国有企业研发投资效率较高。创新引领中“政府之手”作用的有效发挥应考虑对不同企业分类施策、精准引导。     

资本错配、融资约束与企业研发投入——来自中国高新技术上市公司的经验证据

企业研发能够推动技术进步和创新,是当前我国供给侧结构性改革的核心动力。基于2010—2017年中国高新技术上市公司年报数据,检验资本错配和融资约束对企业研发投入的影响。结果发现:资本错配对企业研发投入存在抑制效应;融资约束不仅对企业研发具有直接负向影响,还会强化资本错配对研发投入的抑制效应,但上述融资约束的影响仅在非国有企业中存在,对国有企业没有显著影响。因此,针对不同所有制企业提供多渠道融资体系,提高资金配置效率,降低企业融资成本,有利于推动企业创新和供给侧改革。     

政治关联、融资约束与企业研发投入

文章基于世界银行的投资环境大型微观调查数据,实证考察了在经济转轨过程中政治关联和融资约束对企业研发投入的影响。研究发现:(1)政企双重身份的企业高管对企业研发投资具有消极影响,并且强化融资约束对企业研发投资的消极影响;而那些旨在帮助企业发展的政府官员所占比例和企业与政府部门之间关系质量对企业研发投资具有显著的正向影响,但并未强化抑或缓解融资约束对企业研发投资的消极影响。(2)融资约束对企业研发投资具有显著的抑制作用。文章为理解转轨经济背景下的中国企业RD投入的影响因素提供了一个新的视角,也为理解政治关联、融资约束与企业创新增长之间关系的微观机理提供了新的经验证据。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。