A labor relations research agenda for health care settings

Inadequate attention has been given to labor-management relations in health care organizations. Bacause of the labor-intensive nature of health care and the great dependence on human resources, health services researchers should place greater emphasis on labor-management issues. This article develops a framework and suggests methodologies for examining labor relations in health care organizations. Specifically, six cirtical issues are suggested for attention by researchers: (1) the quality of the union-management relationship; (2) union organizing drives; (3) collective bargaining and contract negotiations; (4) impasse resolution; (5) contract administration and grievance handling; and (6) labor-management cooperation. These areas of research have been dominated by industrial relations researchers who have focused primarily on the manufacturing sector. Given cost containment and competitive pressures, it is timely to bridge the gap between the health services research community and the accumulating body of knowledge in industrial relations.     

Patterns of labor-management cooperation

This article analyzes six long-term labor-management cooperative relationships, based on lengthy field research, extensive, in-depth interviews with key labor and management officials, and the author's review and evaluation of labor agreements and other documents related to the individual relationships. Key internal and/or external events that helped energize the cooperative relationships are examined and important principles found to be necessary to maintain the relationships are identified and illustrated. Based on this research, conclusions are presented that suggest patterns that practitioners might implement to develop a more mutually beneficial and productive relationship.     

Complementary or conflictual? Formal participation,informal participation,and organizational performance

Most studies of worker participation examine either formal participatory structures or informal participation. Yet, increasingly, works councils and other formal participatory bodies are operating in parallel with collective bargaining or are filling the void left by its decline. Moreover, these bodies are sprouting in workplaces in which workers have long held a modicum of influence, authority, and production‐ or service‐related information. This study leverages a case from the health care sector to examine the interaction between formal and informal worker participation. Seeking to determine whether or not these two forces—each independently shown to benefit production or service delivery—complement or undermine one another, we find evidence for the latter. In the case of the 27 primary care departments that we study, formal structures appeared to help less‐participatory departments improve their performance. However, these same structures also appeared to impede those departments with previously high levels of informal participation. While we remain cautious with respect to generalizability, the case serves as a warning to those seeking to institute participation in an environment in which some workers have long felt they had the requisite authority, influence, and information necessary to perform their jobs effectively.     

员工持股试点先行:值得期待的国企混合所有制改革——基于江苏、江西国有企业员工持股改革分析

推进国有企业混合所有制改革和实施员工持股,关键是要建立员工利益与企业发展紧密结合的激励约束长效机制,持续调动员工积极性。本文通过对江苏、江西具有典型代表性的国企混改员工持股案例的研究,总结了国有企业混合所有制改革员工持股的主要做法和经验,指出当前推进混合所有制改革实施员工持股制度过程中,依然面临认识不深刻、制度设计不明确、法律政策不到位、机制衔接不通畅、政策执行落实有障碍、实践操作有困难等一系列问题,需要结合改革实践因地制宜地推进员工持股工作,不能生搬硬套搞\"一刀切\",要注重提高思想认识,科学理性进行制度设计,做好经验总结和推广,完善配套制度政策,畅通协调衔接机制,建立改革容错纠错机制,稳妥审慎地推进混合所有制员工持股制度改革。     

我国员工持股计划制度设计的整体思路研究

员工持股计划的实施,我国的理论界存在着许多争议,本文就我国实施员工持股计划的理论基础、可行性及动因进行系统分析,并对我国实施员工持股计划制度设计的整体思路做了较深入的探讨。     

员工持股计划对企业财务绩效的影响研究

以2014～2021年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,建立回归模型,并结合倾向得分匹配方法(PSM),实证研究员工持股计划对财务绩效的影响。研究发现：上市公司实施员工持股计划可显著改善财务绩效,且员工持股计划资金来源、实施规模、参与程度均与财务绩效存在显著的正相关。进一步考察不同行业性质和产权性质下员工持股计划对财务绩效的影响,结果显示：员工持股计划对高科技行业、国有企业的促进作用更明显。因此,应鼓励企业积极实施员工持股计划,特别是鼓励设计自筹资金、实施规模适当扩大、参与程度相应较高的员工持股计划,优先鼓励高科技行业、国有企业推行员工持股计划,从而更好地发挥员工持股计划对企业财务绩效的作用。     

贫富差距恶化呼唤员工持股

为缩小我国居民贫富差距,政府提出要增加百姓收入。员工持股制度是一种有效地企业制度安排形式,它在激励员工、增加收入、提高企业绩效具有积极作用。我国在实际操作过程中,效果却不佳。本文针对存在的问题,谈谈如何合理地运用员工持股制度。     

Employee participation and the influence on job satisfaction of the ‘new generation’ of Chinese employees

The participation of ‘new generation’ employees in management and their satisfaction in the workplace, respectively, remain more than ever important issues in the Chinese societal context in particular, as well as having wider implications for human resource management in general. This study accordingly explores the influence of employee participation mechanisms on the satisfaction of this new generation of employees – by carrying out empirical research in the manufacturing industry in China. The main theoretical contribution aims to show that the participation of such new generation employees in management, supervision and decision-making has a significantly positive impact on their work satisfaction. Furthermore, the employees' willingness to participate (participation intention) appears to play a moderating role between actual participation on the one hand, and satisfaction on the other. Such findings, we argue, potentially apply not only in the societal context of China but might also resonate more widely across other countries in the global economy.     

创新驱动发展与企业劳动收入份额

选取2012—2020年沪深A股上市公司为样本,实证检验创新驱动发展与企业劳动收入份额之间的关系,以及高管股权激励和员工持股对上述关系的调节效应。研究发现：企业创新驱动发展能够有效提高企业劳动收入份额;实施高管股权激励和员工持股计划均能显著增强上述关系。进一步研究发现,盈利水平发挥了部分中介效应,且当企业处于成长期和衰退期、市场化程度较高的地区以及为非国有企业时,上述关系更显著。研究结论表明,特别是处于成长期与衰退期、市场化程度较高地区的企业,以及非国有企业,大力推动创新驱动发展,并辅之以高管股权激励和员工持股计划,可以提高企业劳动收入份额,实现和谐发展,推进共同富裕目标实现。     

员工持股计划如何提升内部控制有效性？——基于PSM的实证研究

基于2014年6月中国证监会《关于上市公司实施员工持股计划试点的指导意见》试行的制度背景,以2014—2017年实施员工持股计划的上市公司为研究对象,运用PSM法,实证分析了员工持股计划影响内部控制有效性的机制。研究发现:实施员工持股计划能够显著提升内部控制有效性;内部监督、信息与沟通以及控制活动三要素具有中介作用,员工持股计划主要通过强化内部监督、改进信息与沟通以及优化控制活动来提升内部控制有效性;同时,股权集中度具有调节效应,低股权集中度能够强化员工持股计划对内部控制有效性的促进作用。研究结论为如何通过实施员工持股计划提升内部控制有效性提供了重要的政策启示。