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通胀的脚步正一步步向我们走来,通胀的压力也正一点点显现,一切经济数据表明:2011年中国经济将在通胀中伴随,2O11年,亦是中国中央决策者和全体国人的“通胀阻击年”。 相似文献
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中国通胀输入型特征明显通胀本质是货币过多导致的货币贬值,源头在于美元本位制下美元的滥发。自2001年美国新经济泡沫破灭后,美国就在不断地转移经济调整的成本,格林斯潘的一系列降息,把大量流动性源源不断地注入世界经济体,过去五年全球官方储备增 相似文献
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自2009年经济运行数据公布以来,市场有关通货膨胀的话题不绝于耳,主要焦点在于未来数月物价如何演变:一方认为2010年通货膨胀将温和增长,CPI全年运行在3%左右的水平;另一方则认为通货膨胀将来势汹汹,CPI将超过5%的水平走向恶性通胀。那么,2010年通货膨胀到底是山雨欲来还是虚张声势呢?本文认为通货膨胀的压力明显存在,但担心恶性通胀目前尚早。 相似文献
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刘扬 《中央财经大学学报》1997,(9):14-17
“高增长低通胀”与宏观调控刘扬一、调控目标;高增长低通胀(一)经济增长率与通货膨胀率的多种组合通货膨胀是经济运行的集中表现,纵观改革以来的各次通货膨胀,每一次都是伴随着经济的高速增长而发生的,可以说,我国改革以来经济运行最突出的特征就是高增长、高通胀... 相似文献
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The conventional policy perspective is that lowering the interest rate increases output and inflation in the short run, while maintaining inflation at a higher level requires a higher interest rate in the long run. In contrast, it has been argued that a Neo‐Fisherian policy of setting an interest‐rate peg at a fixed higher level will increase the inflation rate. We show that adaptive learning argues against the Neo‐Fisherian approach. Pegging the interest rate at a higher level will induce instability and most likely lead to falling inflation and output over time. Eventually, this would precipitate a change of policy. 相似文献
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The effects of inflation are worked out for a small open economy with Cash-in-Advance (CIA) constraints on bond purchases. If all transactions are subject to CIA constraints, an increase in the inflation rate will reduce savings, bringing about a current account deficit, while the capital stock will be unaffected. If investment is not subject to CIA constraints, an increase in the inflation rate will encourage investment and reduce savings, bringing about a current account deficit. Numerical evaluation of the model gives rise to falls in real interest rates that are in line with recent empirical findings. 相似文献
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通货膨胀目标制:理论、实践及其启示——兼论我国房地产市场调控 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通货膨胀目标是由官方公开宣布未来一段时间内需要达到的通货膨胀目标或区间,明确承认低的、稳定的通货膨胀率是货币政策的首要长期目标。从长期看,中央银行可以产生系统的影响的惟一宏观经济变量只有通货膨胀率。没有中央银行的默许,通货膨胀就无法扎根。虽然石油价格冲击、持久干旱、升高的税收或者新的政府法令都有可能推动物价指数上升,除非中央银行对此不闻不问,否则,通货膨胀是不可能长久存在的。 相似文献
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池建宇 《中央财经大学学报》2006,(8):29-33
本文通过建立误差修正模型分析我国对外开放度不断提高的情况下影响通货膨胀率的因素。计量结果表明:前期通货膨胀率、货币供给量和对外开放度是影响当期通胀率的主要因素。特别是,开放度的提高使得扩张货币的效应会更多的体现在更高的通货膨胀率上。 相似文献
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通过对房地产市场的实证研究,证实了资产市场资产价格的变化会影响到人们对未来经济形势的判断,进而影响到公众对未来消费品市场价格的判断,根据“预期自我实现”的原理,会对实际的通货膨胀或者通货紧缩产生影响。研究表明,房地产市场价格走势对通货膨胀预期的影响,要大于房地产市场资金变化对通胀预期的影响,所以监管层要管理好通货膨胀和通货膨胀预期,就要加强对资产市场尤其是房地产市场的监控,防止房价的大起大落。 相似文献
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通货膨胀的惯性特征及其货币政策启示 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通货膨胀惯性是指通货膨胀在受到随机扰动因素冲击后偏离其长期均衡水平的趋势会持续很久,通常用通胀自回归模型中滞后项系数之和来度量。混合的新凯恩斯主义菲利普斯曲线令人信服地解释了通货膨胀惯性的微观基础,即价格粘性和经济参与人的后视行为。高通货膨胀惯性会削弱货币政策调控的效果,提高中央银行反通胀的社会成本。中央银行承诺在较长时期内钉住一个稳定的名义锚(例如明确或隐性的通货膨胀目标制)则是降低通货膨胀惯性的有效途径。 相似文献
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2011下半年经济增长仍具有较强的内生动力,四季度随着物价涨幅回落和政策紧缩力度减轻,经济增速将企稳回升,"硬着陆"的风险很小。本轮CPI同比高点将在今年年中出现,下半年通胀将略有回落,全年通胀应可控制在5.2%左右。受贷款增长放缓、外汇占款继续快增但对冲力度较大和货币乘数持续较低等因素影响,下半年信贷增长将继续平稳回落,货币供应增速将延续放缓态势。货币政策总体基调维持"稳健",但收紧力度会有所减弱,准备金率、利率运用频率明显降低,信贷总量维持偏紧格局但存在局部、适度放松的可能。 相似文献
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We propose a new framework for understanding the effectiveness of central bank announcements when firms have heterogeneous inflation expectations. Expectations are updated through social dynamics and, with heterogeneity, not all firms choose to operate, putting downward pressure on realized inflation. Our model rationalizes why countries stuck at the zero lower bound have had a hard time increasing inflation without being aggressive. The same model also predicts that announcing an abrupt target to disinflate will cause inflation to undershoot the target, whereas announcing gradual targets will not. We present new empirical evidence that corroborates this prediction. 相似文献
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MARK J. JENSEN 《Journal of Money, Credit and Banking》2009,41(1):221-231
In this paper, I provide a plausible explanation as to why past studies have been unable to find support for the long-run Fisher effect. My argument is that exogenous shocks to the inflation rates in industrialized economies have not produced the permanent change to inflation necessary for testing the Fisher effect. Instead of finding a nonstationary, unit-root process for inflation like previous Fisher effect studies, here each country's inflation rate is found to follow a mean-reverting, fractionally integrated, long-memory process. Applying a bivariate, maximum likelihood estimator to a multivariate, fractionally integrated model of inflation and nominal interest, I find that the estimated inflation rates in 17 developed countries are highly persistent, fractionally integrated, mean-reverting processes with order of integration parameters significantly less than one. Since a permanent change to inflation has not occurred, a test of whether a permanent change to inflation affects the nominal interest rate one-for-one will be uninformative as to the truth or fallacy of the Fisher effect hypothesis. 相似文献
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随着人口老龄化,许多发达经济体都步入了财政压力时代,政府对养老金的承诺大大高于财政收入,政府为了实现承诺将利用发行新债务进行融资,这将带来未来的高税收预期.随着债务水平和税率水平的上升,人们对税收的容忍度将下降,从而触碰财政限制的可能性增大.在采取固定税率情况下,调整税收不再能稳定债务,必须采取政策转变来应对.在财政限制之前债务增长与政策调节如何相互作用,若采用货币政策的被动调节来满足稳定债务,那么政府债务将影响到通货膨胀,从而使货币政策失去对通货膨胀的控制,进而需要通过财政政策来解决通胀问题. 相似文献