Impact of Job Involvement on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in China

This study examined the relationship between job involvement and the five dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs, altruism, courtesy, sportsmanship, conscientiousness, and civil virtue), using a sample of 1,110 from the People Republic of China. Results showed that job involvement related positively to all dimensions of OCBs. In addition, gender moderated the relationship between job involvement and three dimensions of OCBs (altruism, courtesy, sportsmanship), with males having a stronger, positive relationship between these constructs than females. The results further showed that party affiliation moderated the relationship between job involvement and three dimensions of OCBs (altruism, courtesy, and civil virtue), with party members having a strong, positive relationship between these constructs than non-party members. The results are interpreted in light of the literature both on job involvement and OCBs, and limitations of this study are discussed.     

员工当责感、工作满意度与组织公民行为

激发员工的组织公民行为是提升企业运转效率的有效途径之一。文章关注工作满意度对激发组织公民行为的作用机理,提出并证实了只有对高当责感的员工通过提高工作满意度来激发其组织公民行为才是有效的。通过系统的探索性分析和验证性分析,证实了工作满意度与组织公民行为之间存在显著的正相关关系,并且员工当责感在工作满意度和组织公民行为的关系中起中介作用。研究结果显示,中国企业要想通过提高工作满意度来激发组织公民行为进而提升企业效率,必须要关注员工的当责感及其前导影响因素,企业创造当责的文化环境有利于激发组织公民行为。     

组织公民行为与人力资源管理的创新

组织公民行为是人力资源管理领域的新课题。必须了解组织公民行为的概念和表现形式,分析组织公民行为对组织有效运作的作用。在此基础上,提出为了对组织公民行为进行管理,需要在人力资源管理实践中所进行的创新举措。     

组织中人际信任关系对组织公民行为的影响

组织公民行为是由一系列与工作有关的自主合作行为所构成,能从总体上提高组织效能。如果组织成员相互信任程度高,他们就会采取合作行为,比如产生单方面的合作、利他、职务外工作等自发行为,人际信任直接或者间接地影响着组织公民行为,中西方组织中信任关系表现不同,直接影响组织公民行为的表现,中国企业要根据组织内信任关系的特点,采取相应措施,促进组织公民行为出现。     

Materialism and Life Satisfaction: The Role of Stress and Religiosity

Materialism has been a topic of interest to consumer researchers for decades. This article explores the effect of materialism on individuals' life satisfaction using a large sample from Malaysia, a country with cultural diversity within a collectivist mainstream culture. The results suggest that the effects of materialism on life satisfaction could be indirect, mediated by stress and moderated by religiosity. The study helps to explain the mechanisms that account for the negative relationship between materialism and life satisfaction reported in previous studies conducted in many countries; it provides a blueprint and directions for further research.     

Positive Group Context,Work Attitudes,and Organizational Misbehavior: The Case of Withholding Job Effort

Considering the organization’s ethical context as a framework to investigate workplace phenomena, this field study of military reserve personnel examines the relationships among perceptions of psychosocial group variables, such as cohesiveness, helping behavior and peer leadership, employee job attitudes, and the likelihood of individuals’ withholding on-the-job effort, a form of organizational misbehavior. Hypotheses were tested with a sample of 290 individuals using structural equation modeling, and support for negative relationships between perceptions of positive group context and withholding effort by individual employees was found. In addition, individual effort-performance expectancy and individual job satisfaction were negatively related to withholding effort. The findings provide evidence that individual perceptions of positive group context play a key role in the presence of misbehavior at work. The results indicate that positive group context might be an important element of ethical climate that should be managed to temper occurrence of such adverse work behavior. Roland E. Kidwell (PhD, Louisiana State University) is an associate professor in the Management and Marketing Department in the College of Business at the University of Wyoming. His major research and teaching interests focus on new ventures and economic development, family business, social entrepreneurship, business ethics, and workplace deviance. His research has been published in academic journals such as the Academy of Management Review, Journal of Management, Journal of Business Venturing, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy and Journal of Business Ethics. He is co-editor of the book, Managing Organizational Deviance (Sage, 2005). Sean R. Valentine (DBA, Louisiana Tech University) is Professor of Management in the Department of Management, College of Business and Public Administration at the University of North Dakota. His research and teaching interests include business ethics, human resource management, and organizational culture. His work has appeared in journals such as Human Relations, Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, Journal of Business Research, Behavioral Research in Accounting and Journal of Business Ethics.     

组织支持感对组织公民行为影响的研究

组织支持感用于表示员工对组织是否重视和关注他们的幸福感的感受,组织公民行为是个人角色之外的有益于组织的利他行为,有助于员工的团队合作,发掘每个人的工作潜能,提高组织的生产力和管理效率。研究表明,员工越是感受到来自组织的支持,就越多地表现公民行为。通过提升组织支持感可以提高员工的组织公民行为,上级支持能够有效地提高组织支持感而促进组织公民行为的提高。如果管理者希望员工表现更多的组织公民行为,就应对员工提供更多的组织支持。     

组织公民行为与企业绩效实证研究

组织员工的行为对组织的绩效用重要的影响,本文以组织公民行为理论为基础,从组织公民行为出发,运用调查问卷的方式对我国国有企业、私营企业、外资企业抽样调查。对组织公民行为与组织绩效关系进行了检验,结果表明:组织公民行为不但对组织绩效有影响,对员工个人绩效也有影响。论文最后针对组织公民行为,讨论了组织如何利用好组织公民行为来使其提高组织绩效。     

CEO Ethical Leadership, Ethical Climate, Climate Strength, and Collective Organizational Citizenship Behavior

In spite of an increasing number of studies on ethical climate, little is known about the antecedents of ethical climate and the moderators of the relationship between ethical climate and work outcomes. The present study conducted firm-level analyses regarding the relationship between chief executive officer (CEO) ethical leadership and ethical climate, and the moderating effect of climate strength (i.e., agreement in climate perceptions) on the relationship between ethical climate and collective organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Self-report data were collected from 223 CEOs and 6,021 employees in South Korea. The results supported all study hypotheses. As predicted, CEOs?? self-rated ethical leadership was positively associated with employees?? aggregated perceptions of the ethical climate of the firm. The relationship between ethical climate and firm-level collective OCB was moderated by climate strength. More specifically, the relationships between ethical climate and interpersonally directed collective OCB and between ethical climate and organizationally directed collective OCB were more pronounced when climate strength was high than when it was low. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are addressed herein.     

Formalization,Role Stress,Organizational Commitment,and Propensity-to-Leave

Abstract

This study of Korean industrial salespeople (N = 140) examines the relationships among organizational formalization, role stress, organizational commitment, and propensity to leave. Although most of the theoretical and empirical research in this area was done in the United States, this study examines whether the same concepts could be applied to a culturally different salesforce. The results of the structural modeling analysis suggest that overall the model of job variables and propensity to leave developed in the U.S. could be applied to a Korean salesforce. However, some culture-related differences do exist in the nature of specific relationships.     

Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Ethical Leadership and Workplace Jealousy

This paper analyzes how national institutions impact corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the food-processing industries of France and Morocco. In this study, CSR practices are defined around two main dimensions: corporate performance (financial vs. global) and the CSR approach (defensive vs. active). Qualitative data were collected during semi-structured interviews with SME managers in charge of CSR issues. We then performed a content analysis. Our study shows that there is a distinct difference between the CSR practices adopted by SMEs in France and Morocco. Indeed, the findings suggest that under the rule-based governance system of France, most SMEs view CSR as an economic tool and it is adopted as an opportunity-seeking perspective anchored in the search for global performance. The findings also show that under the relationship-based governance system of Morocco, SMEs mainly see CSR from a constraint-reducing perspective. However, some Moroccan SMEs have begun to see the economic opportunities of CSR, especially in accessing foreign markets.     

How Servant Leadership Influences Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Roles of LMX,Empowerment, and Proactive Personality

While the link between servant leadership and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) has been established, the individual-level mechanisms underlying this relationship and its boundary conditions remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the salience of the mediating mechanisms of leader–member exchange (LMX) and psychological empowerment in explaining the process by which servant leaders elicit discretionary OCB among followers. We also examine the role of followers’ proactive personality in moderating the indirect effects of servant leadership on OCB through LMX and psychological empowerment. Analysis of survey data collected from 446 supervisor–subordinate dyads in a large Chinese state-owned enterprise suggests that while servant leadership is positively related to subordinate OCB through LMX, psychological empowerment does not explain any additional variance in OCB above that accounted for by LMX. Moderated mediation tests confirm the moderating effect of proactive personality through LMX. By providing a nuanced understanding of how and when servant leadership leads followers to go above and beyond their job role, our study assists organizations in deciding how to develop and utilize servant leaders in their organizations.     

Moderating Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on Human Resource Development Practices and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

This study examined the moderating effect of perceived organizational support on the relationship between human resource development practices and organizational citizenship behavior of hotels in Thailand. The results from a survey of 733 frontline employees revealed that the relationship between human resource development practices and organizational citizenship behavior was stronger for employees with the high level of perceived organizational support, compared to employees with the low level of perceived organizational support. Therefore, this finding contributes to a significant understanding of moderating effect of perceived organizational support in service organizations. Discussion and implications are also provided.     

The Role of Ethics Institutionalization in Influencing Organizational Commitment,Job Satisfaction,and Esprit de Corps

Given increasing ethical problems in business, many organizations have tried to control these problems by institutionalizing ethics such as by creating new ethics positions and formulating and enforcing codes of ethics. In this study, the impact of implicit and explicit forms of institutionalization of ethics on job satisfaction, esprit de corps, and organizational commitment for marketing professionals is investigated. Additionally, the influence of organizational socialization, ethical relativism, and age relative to each of the above organizational climate constructs is examined. Results indicate that at least one of the forms of institutionalization of ethics is a significant determinant of all three organizational climate constructs. However, while organizational socialization is a significant determinant of all three organizational climate variables, relativism is only significant in determining organizational commitment (in a negative direction) and age is only significant in determining job satisfaction. Scott John Vitell is Phil B. Hardin Professor of Marketing and Chair of the Marketing Department at the University of Mississippi. He received his Ph.D. in Marketing from Texas Tech University. He has published more than 100 journal articles. His recent publications have appeared in the Journal of Retailing, the Journal of Business Ethics, the Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, the Journal of International Marketing, International Business Review and the Journal of Macromarketing, among others. He serves on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Business Research. Anusorn Singhapakdi is Professor of Marketing and Marketing Area Coordinator at Old Dominion University. He has published more than 50 journal articles. He has also received recognition for his publications from a number of academic journals including the Journal of Business Research, International Marketing Review, Marketing Education Review, and the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. He serves on the Editorial Boards of␣the Journal of Macromarketing and the Journal of Marketing Education. He is a section editor for Applied Research in Quality of Life and has served as a guest editor for the Journal of Business Ethics.     

The Impact of Spiritual Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Multi-Sample Analysis

This study investigates and compares the impact of spiritual leadership on organizational citizenship behavior in finance and retail service industries to determine the possibility of generalizing and applying spiritual leadership to other industries. This study used multi-sample analysis of structural equation modeling. The results show that values, attitudes, and behaviors of leaders have positive effects on meaning/calling and membership of the employees, and further facilitate employees to perform excellent organizational citizenship behaviors, including the altruism of assisting colleagues and the responsible conscientiousness toward organization. The effect of altruism toward colleagues is especially stronger. Finally, the effect of leaders’ values, attitudes, and behaviors on the spiritual survival of employees is stronger in retail than that in finance.     

员工关系管理与组织公民行为的关系研究

本文通过相关文献进行整理,从人力资源角度出发,引入组织公平理论与组织支持理论作为中间变量,分析员工关系管理与组织公民行为之间所存在的关系。     

雇佣保障对组织公民行为的影响——员工对企业信任的中介作用

文章通过针对我国生产制造型企业员工的问卷调查采集相关数据,利用相关分析和层级回归分析,研究雇佣保障对员工组织公民行为的影响机制,尤其是研究员工对企业的信任在其中的中介作用。实证结果表明,雇佣保障与员工的组织公民行为显著正相关,员工对企业的信任在雇佣保障影响员工组织公民行为的过程中起完全中介作用。     

The Impact of Emotional Intelligence,Organizational Commitment,and Job Satisfaction on Ethical Behavior of Chinese Employees

This study examines the impact of various factors on ethical behavior of 507 employees working for three state-owned Chinese firms. Regulation of one’s emotions (a facet of emotional intelligence) had a significant positive impact on ethical behavior of respondents. Organizational commitment also had a significant positive impact on ethical behavior of the respondents. Among various facets of job satisfaction, satisfaction with promotion, coworker, and supervision had a significant positive impact on ethical behavior of respondents. Among control variables, age of the employee had a significant negative impact on ethical behavior, which indicated that the young employees showed a better ethical behavior than the old employees.