Free/Open Source ERP对中小企业管理的作用

Free/Open Source ERP的发展与逐步成熟化,不仅给中小企业信息化带来了发展契机,同时开源的ERP系统也承担着改善企业管理的任务,文章分析了开源ER P对于中小企业在选择ER P系统时对比传统ER P系统的优势。并重点说明了开源ERP系统对中小企业已存在管理的问题的促进作用。     

中国—东盟多语种环境下中小企业开源管理系统的研究

文章以中国—东盟中小企业信息化建设管理现状为研究背景,阐述了中国—东盟多语种环境下企业信息化建设的意义和必要性,提出中小企业开源管理系统建设的总体架构、技术框架构想及其建设的主要功能。     

开源物流管理系统在我国中小物流企业的应用前景浅析

开源软件自20世纪90年代在西方发达国家迅速兴起后．近年来也在我国各行各业得到了广泛应用．其中开源物流管理软件为受到资金制约的中小物流企业提供了一个切实可行的信息化方案。文章根据我国中小物流企业的发展现状和信息化需求特点。分析了开源物流管理系统在我国中小物流企业中的潜在应用价值。     

浅议我国中小企业提升信息化应用能力的对策

中小企业的信息化应用能力受管理理念、部门协同能力、人才、组织结构和产权结构等多方面因素的影响。我国中小企业提升信息化应用水平存在自身的困难和优势。提升信息化能力需要中小企业在引进ERP软件和信息技术平台的同时,对管理和业务流程实行再造。中小企业应通过组织机构的扁平化改造和提升知识管理水平、创建学习型组织,培养和引进信息化人才等途径提高信息化应用的效果。企业还应深化与信息化软件服务商的合作,实现信息化系统的持续改进。     

让管理简单化——KIS系统服务简介

“三分软件、七分服务”，中小企业的信息化建设更是这样，因为中小企业在人力、物力，财力上都无法和大型企业相比，这就导致了中小企业在信息化建设过程中更加希望能够选择软件功能实用、界面友好，易学易用，服务到位的软件服务商，这样才能实际解决中小企业的管理应用问题。     

基于SaaS视角的中小企业会计信息化应用研究

文章透视了我国中小企业会计信息化应用的现状及存在的问题,重点研究基于SaaS(Software as a service软件即服务的简称)视角的中小企业会计信息化应用的优势、应注意的问题及相关对策。     

影响力品牌助力信息行业

2008年3月26日,第五届“中国中小企业信息化十大影响力品牌”公益活动暨“中国中小企业信息化高峰论坛”在北京召开。国家发展改革委中小企业司、机械工业信息中心、中国轻工业企业信息化领导小组办公室、中围软件行业协会的有关领导出席了本次活动。     

关于中小企业会计信息化问题的思考

随着信息技术的飞速发展,全球经济正在向网络经济迈进,建立高效完整的会计信息系统,实现会计信息化是大势所趋。中小企业在我国国民经济中占据着重要的地位,但现阶段我国中小企业会计信息化应用尚处于起步阶段, 由于外部环境和自身管理等诸多原因,导致中小企业会计信息化应用还存在着许多问题,这些问题有待于政府、软件供应商、社会和中小企业从各自的角度出发采取有效措施,共同推进中小企业会计信息化的发展。     

基于SaaS视角的中小企业会计信息化应用研究

文章透视了我国中小企业会计信息化应用的现状及存在的问题,重点研究基于SaaS(Software as a service软件即服务的简称)视角的中小企业会计信息化应用的优势、应注意的问题及相关对策.     

SaaS模式交叉点设计方法探讨

20世纪90年代以来,以互联网为载体以服务的形式为企业提供信息化软件服务的SaaS（Software as a Service,软件即服务）模式,以其低廉的成本投入成为一种非常适合中小企业进行信息化建设的新模式。为了契合中小企业实际的软件需求,本文结合中小企业业务流程多种多样的特点,提出了新的SaaS设计方法——交叉点设计,以行业和业务的交叉点为出发点进行SaaS软件设计,并从供应商的角度对该方法进行了必要的经济条件分析。     

Balancing on a tightrope: Managing the boundaries of a firm-sponsored OSS community and its impact on innovation and absorptive capacity

Realizing the innovation potential of OSS communities, firms now create or sponsor their own open source software (OSS) communities, generally as part of an open innovation strategy. However, maximizing the innovation capability of a sponsored OSS community is a challenging task since firms cannot rely on traditional hierarchical authority to control community members. Furthermore, a firm's efforts to manage its sponsored community may also impact the firm's absorptive capacity, or its ability to effectively absorb and leverage the valuable knowledge created by the community. Thus, the purpose of this article is to investigate two research questions: 1) How does the boundary management of a firm-sponsored OSS community impact the community's innovation capacity? and 2) How does the boundary management of a firm-sponsored OSS community impact the firm's absorptive capacity? Using the results from our qualitative analysis of eZ Systems and its successfully sponsored OSS community – eZ Publish – we develop a theoretical model depicting how the boundary management of a firm-sponsored OSS community influences both the community's innovation capacity and the absorptive capacity of the firm. In addition, the results of our study highlight the central importance of an integrative IT platform in boundary management activities.     

Open Source Software Production,Spontaneous Input,and Organizational Learning

This work shows that the modular organization of voluntary open source software (OSS) production, whereby programmers supply effort of their accord, capitalizes more on division than on specialization of labor. This is so because voluntary OSS production is characterized by an organizational learning process that dominates the individual one. Organizational learning reveals production choices that would otherwise remain unknown, thereby increasing productivity and indirectly reinforcing incentives to undertake collective problem solving.     

Networking beyond the software code? an explorative examination of the development of an open source car project

At present, several initiatives have emerged that claim to be innovative while acting according to the mechanisms of open source software (OSS), a field frequently deemed to be a role model for open innovation. Against this background, this study focuses on a case study of the development of an automobile. Based on a commons-based peer production-informed perspective, we show that this project displays a variety of characteristics that are usually associated with OSS projects. In particular, parallels can be drawn between the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, the ability to ‘broadcast’ ideas due to the virtual nature of the tasks, and the self-selection of tasks due to their modular nature. The drawing of such parallels, however, must be done cautiously because diverse factors, such as opportunity costs, regulations, and feasibility studies, limit the applicability of OSS principles to this non-software related network of dispersed voluntary contributors within a commons-based peer production framework. Herein, we attempt to clarify how OSS projects can and cannot work as role models for open innovation in the automotive as well as other product-oriented industries.     

Sharing my way to success: A case study on developing entrepreneurial ventures using social capital in an OSS community

While Open Source Software (OSS) communities provide opportunities for knowledge creation, we have a limited understanding of how entrepreneurs leverage OSS communities for their entrepreneurial ventures. Using social capital theory in a mixed methods case study, we compare entrepreneur and non-entrepreneur behaviors to investigate how entrepreneurs build social capital within an OSS community. This study shows that entrepreneurs differentiate themselves from non-entrepreneurs by focusing on cognitive and relational capital building activities, which in return makes it possible for them to leverage their social capital to influence and shape the environment in which they are operating. Our findings suggest that entrepreneurs strategically select which activities within the community to expend their limited resources on (e.g., developing code over participating in email conversations) and build their social capital more through their actions than through their words (e.g., showing their commitment to the community through code commits, bug fixes, and documentation). Given the liabilities of newness and smallness as well as other challenges faced by entrepreneurs, applying an open innovation strategy in OSS communities could be one approach where entrepreneurs, by developing and freely revealing their intellectual property to the community, share their way to success via OSS-infused entrepreneurial business ventures.     

Commercial versus open source software: the role of product heterogeneity in competition

The emergence and market success of Linux in recent years has been impressive. The paper investigates the question of why some producers of a proprietary software support the development of open source software (OSS) while others refuse any support. As an analytical framework, a simple Launhardt–Hotelling model is used to show that the emerging price pressure on the former monopolists depends on the extent of the current heterogeneity between OSS and the proprietary software of the incumbents. The paper argues that the product heterogeneity can explain the differing real-world behavior of commercial software producers.     

A journey of social sustainability in organization during MDG & SDG period: A bibliometric analysis

Organizational sustainability is a multi-facet paradigm widely used to address perennial business challenges such as climate change, industrial waste, the economies of scale and social well-being, etc. In the last three decades, extensive research has been performed on ecological or economic sustainability, ignoring the third pillar of sustainability. Given the importance of humans and society-a center-stage of inclusive development-this paper aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to examine the growth of organizational social sustainability (OSS) from 2000 to 2021 during MDG & SDG periods. A total of 1566 publications are analyzed using Scopus and the Web of Science (WoS) database. Citation networks, bibliographic coupling, and thematic mapping have explored influential work, intellectual structure, and research gaps. The study findings demonstrated that most publications are during the SDG period, with Sustainability as the most productive journal and the USA as the most contributing country. The top 10 active institutions are from Australia, France, and Spain. The top contributing authors are from France, but the USA is at the top in citations. Contributions are lacking from large portions of Africa. Keyword analysis showed that “social sustainability,” “sustainable development,” “environmental sustainability,” “sustainable supply change management,” “circular economy,” and “social life cycle assessment” are the main topics. Keyword analysis and thematic mapping show that despite increased publications in the field of organizational social sustainability, OSS research is still far from focusing on the stakeholders' benefits, satisfaction, and subjective well-being. Moreover, quantitative assessment of OSS based on sustainability standards such as Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) and Value Reporting Foundation (VRF) standards was found scant in the given field. The present research concluded with scope and opportunity for future research in the area of OSS.     

Rallying competencies in virtual communities: A study of core processes and user interest in open source software projects

Managing work practices has become one of the key challenges facing virtual communities. This paper seeks to broaden the research on virtual communities by applying the theory of competency rallying (TCR) in a longitudinal manner to examine the impact of task identification, task assignment, task execution and task management on user interest in open source software (OSS) projects defined by popularity and communication. The aim of this paper is: (1) re-conceptualizing the concept of user interest and broadening our understanding of user interest by incorporating users' post-usage behaviors, (2) examining the effect of various tasks involved in an OSS project's key processes of defect-fixing and feature-enhancement on user interest. The current study found that project popularity is positively influenced by task assignment, task execution and task management. Additionally, user communication was found to be positively impacted by task identification and task execution. The data collected from 1178 OSS projects in a longitudinal manner (at 3 time points over a period of 16 months) confirmed the expectations from TCR and also demonstrated that over time the effects that development of competencies and managing short term cooperative work have on project success might increase, while the impact of identifying market needs and marshalling competencies may not significantly change.     

A process approach to understanding multiple open source innovation contests – Assessing the contest structures,execution, and participant responses in the android developer challenges

As organizations recognize the importance of open innovation, understanding emerging mechanisms for soliciting outside participation is a growing area of academic interest. Strategies can be as diverse as hosting innovation contests, sponsoring open source software (OSS) communities, or engaging in bilateral partnerships. While these have been studied as distinct strategies, more recent work has identified the possibility for combining these approaches, or deploying different methods at different times. Because each of these open innovation strategies are characterized by different incentive systems as well as different work and social practices, the combination of these can reveal unexpected participant responses (e.g., collaboration in innovation contests, competitive behavior in OSS communities). This study examines an explicit attempt to combine these strategies, to host an open source innovation contest. Through the case of Google's Android Developer Challenge, a series of multi-million dollar innovation contests used to launch an OSS community over several years, this study utilized a process approach to understanding open source innovation contests to understand how participants responded and also how the contest conditions changed over time. We found several practices of competition and collaboration that worked around the short term and long term incentives and constraints posed by the contest. We also followed the contest through various transition phases and found that participants reacted strongly to changes in structure, execution, and shifting conditions over time. Through this case, we extend our understanding of innovation contests as a process and specifically the promises and pitfalls of open source innovation contests.     

Dynamics of Open Source Movements

This paper considers a dynamic model of the evolution of open‐source software projects, focusing on the evolution of quality, contributing programmers, and users who contribute customer support to other users. Programmers who have used open‐source software (OSS) are motivated by reciprocal altruism to publish their own improvements. The evolution of the open‐source project depends on the form of the altruistic benefits: in a base case the project grows to a steady‐state size from any initial condition; whereas adding a need for customer support makes zero‐quality a locally absorbing state. We also analyze competition by commercial firms with OSS projects. Optimal pricing policies again vary: in some cases the commercial firm will set low prices when the open‐source project is small; in other cases it mostly waits until the open‐source project has matured.     

A Jump-diffusion Model for Exchange Rates in a Target Zone

We propose a simple jump-diffusion model for an exchange rate target zone. The model captures most stylized facts from the existing target zone models while remaining analytically tractable. The model is based on a modified two-limit version of the C OX , I NGERSOLL and R OSS (1985) model. In the model the exchange rate is kept within the band because the variance decreases as the exchange rate approaches the upper or lower limits of the band. We also consider an extension of the model with parity adjustments, which are modeled as Poisson jumps. Estimation of the model is by GMM based on conditional moments. We derive prices of currency options in our model, assuming that realignment jump risk is idiosyncratic. Throughout, we apply the theory to EMS exchange rate data. We show that, after the EMS crisis of 1993, currencies remain in an implicit target zone which is narrower than the officially announced target zones.