我国调控房地产价格的货币政策分析

美国由于对资产价格做出的货币政策滞后给经济带来了很大负面影响,我国应该认识到积极的财政政策和货币政策会带来资产价格泡沫隐患,尤其是房地产泡沫问题应该受到关注。"现阶段货币政策调控房地产市场面临着放松调控,将导致房地产泡沫卷土重来;而过度调控会阻碍经济的持续发展,出现微观主体预期对货币政策有效性构成挑战,基层中央银行落实政策难到位等问题"。完善我国货币政策调控体系就要增强货币政策的连续性、一致性和透明度,防止心理预期的变化引起房地产价格的震荡,还要加强一般性货币政策与选择性货币政策之间的配合以及货币政策与其他调控政策的配合。     

货币政策对房地产价格调控的非对称效应——基于STR模型

从货币政策的非对称效应的角度,运用非线性模型——STR模型,探究了中国货币政策与房地产价格的关系。研究结果表明:货币政策对房地产价格的影响确实因所处经济周期阶段的不同而发生变化;货币政策与房地产价格之间存在非线性关系;不同经济增长水平下货币政策对房地产价格的调控效应是不对称的;在调控房地产价格方面,我国货币政策的信贷传导路径比利率传导路径更有效。     

货币政策与房地产价格调控:理论与中国经验

本文以货币政策的两大主要工具——利率与存准率为切入点,分析了货币政策与房地产价格的关联性,并进一步分析了货币政策对房地产价格的调控机理,在此基础上,选取2003—2013年间月度数据作为样本,对货币政策调控房地产价格进行了实证分析。研究发现,利率是房地产价格的格兰杰原因,但是,利率对房地产价格的调控效应不显著;存准率是房地产价格的格兰杰原因,存准率与房地产价格之间存在长期稳定的正向均衡关系,存准率对房地产价格的调控效应显著。以此为依据,本文给出了货币政策调控房地产价格的相关政策建议。     

我国房地产价格波动与货币政策调控模式研究——基于政策不确定性视角的实证分析

本文将经济政策不确定性作为门限变量,构建了包括房地产价格、货币政策以及经济政策不确定性在内的三维T-SVAR模型,并且分别采用货币供给量、利率以及信贷规模作为货币政策代理变量,研究不同政策不确定性程度下各货币政策工具对房地产价格调控的有效性.实证结果表明,在当前经济政策不确定性快速攀升时期,信贷规模调控是应对房地产价格过快上涨的最佳选择,其能够在最短时间内有效平抑房地产价格波动,并且在长期中依旧保留一定的政策效果.因此,货币当局在对房地产价格进行调控时应将着力点放在信贷规模上,通过控制信贷增长来抑制房地产价格的过快上涨,从而化解资产价格泡沫并推动经济“脱虚向实”,为经济增长新动力的形成奠定坚实的基础.     

浅析我国货币政策的房地产价格传导机制

近年来,中国房地产价格快速上涨对经济和社会产生了重要影响.为控制房价上涨过快,国家制定了相应的货币政策对房地产价格上涨趋势进行调控.本文主要研究如何通过货币政策传导机制影响房地产价格,从而影响实体经济,最后提出完善中国货币政策的对策和建议.     

我国货币政策与资产价格的关联性——基于VAR模型的实证分析

本文简要回顾了货币政策与金融资产价格波动之间的关系,结合各个国家和地区不同的经验进行讨论,然后以中国货币供应量、银行隔夜拆借利率、房地产资产价格和上证综合指数构建了货币政策对股票市场的VAR模型。实证结果显示:中国货币政策对金融资产价格波动的影响比较显著。在此基础上,本文对是否应该将资产价格引入货币政策的制定进行了探讨,最后给出中国人民银行如何应对资产价格波动的现实建议。     

资产价格波动对中国货币政策的影响——基于前瞻性泰勒规则的实证研究

此次金融危机的教训引发了国内外学者和货币当局重新审视货币政策的目标及传导机制。当前中国股市剧烈震荡,房地产价格不断攀升,资产价格问题应当会对货币政策的选择产生影响。本文将房地产价格和股票价格引入前瞻性泰勒规则中,发现目前央行的利率反应机制主要是针对产出缺口,建议货币当局应该加强货币政策对通胀变动的反应,并应该更多地关注资产价格。     

中国房地产价格对货币政策操作的意义——基于金融形势指数(FCI)的研究

在当代经济中,以房地产价格为代表的资产价格已成为影响金融稳定和实体经济稳定的重要因素。2007年8月,美国出现的“次级贷款”危机就是最近的事例。本文将房地产价格从笼统的资产价格中剥离出来,纳入FCI指数,并基于FCI指数研究房地产价格对中央银行货币政策操作所具有的信息内涵。     

货币冲击、房地产收益波动与最优货币政策选择

与传统资产定价模型中风险收益权衡关系相悖,我国房地产市场存在投资异象和波动长记忆性特征。文章利用泰勒规则(Taylor Rule)的利率缺口,在剔除市场预期之后测度了中国市场的货币政策冲击,并基于房地产投资回报的时序数据波动聚集性和时变性特征构建GARCH(1,1)-M模型,以此度量我国房地产市场投资收益的波动演变路径,解释了央行实施加息的货币政策后当期房价反而上涨的投资现象。文章还立足于房地产市场参与人的投资特征,从行为金融学的全新研究视角出发,建立包含行为资产定价的动态模型经济系统,研究资产价格波动与最优货币政策选择问题,求得相应闭型解,为实施关注资产价格波动的最优货币政策提供理论基础。     

我国资产价格波动与货币政策关系研究

随着金融自由化的逐步推进,资本市场存量日益增大.这既体现了金融深化程度的提高,又意味着货币供应与国民经济主要指标之间稳定性的弱化.资产价格对货币政策的制订和执行会产生深刻的影响.其中股价、房价等资产价格在货币政策传导机制中扮演的角色越来越重要.本文从实证角度出发,通过构建VAR模型检验我国资产价格对货币政策的反应以及资产价格对货币政策目标的影响,发现资产价格、货币政策及货币政策目标间存在长期协整关系,资产价格对产出有正向冲击作用,股市显著影响通货膨胀,但房地产市场对通货膨胀推动作用不明显,资产价格受货币政策的冲击影响显著,其中股市对货币政策冲击的反应明显大于房地产市场.     

Impact of asset price fluctuation on China’s monetary policy: An empirical analysis based on quarterly data, 1994–2006

The strenuous fluctuation in global asset price in recent years has had a profound impact on the economic and social development of every country. An empirical analysis indicates that asset prices (the stock price index and real estate prices) are important endogenous variables affecting the interest rate reaction function of central bank monetary policy. With expected inflation as a given, each one percentage point rise in output gap will cause a 0.79 percentage point reduction in interest rates by the central bank and each one percentage point rise in real estate price will result in a 2.2 percentage point rise in interest rates. The stock price index does have an influence on the trends in monetary policy, but it is less salient than the impact of housing prices. We also show that monetary policy that employs asset price as an endogenous variable increases the central bank’s control in seeking to attain its objectives. Therefore we suggest that the central bank should make asset price fluctuation an endogenous variable and incorporate it into its forward-looking interest rate rule, in order to facilitate the healthy development of China’s markets for real estate, stocks and derivatives, energy and bulk commodities and maintain rapid, smooth, sustainable and harmonious economic development.     

Which Vested Interests Do Central Banks Really Serve? Understanding Central Bank Policy Since the Global Financial Crisis

Inspired by Thorstein Veblen’s ideas, I analyze the behavior of central banks from the perspective of how institutions are captured by vested interests. Since the global financial crisis in 2008, there has been a shift in the conduct of monetary policy. Much like the behavior of asset holders themselves, who, in times of crisis, sought to trade off lower returns with more stable asset values, monetary policy changed from a de facto policy of stabilizing rentier income to one of preserving asset prices or rentier wealth. I analyze this particularly through the lenses of what happened with quantitative easing (QE) in the US, which coincided with a collapse of real interest rates, while asset prices were stabilized. This can also be seen in the way the banking sector was supported by QE where the market for mortgage-backed securities was sustained even as it actually meant a lower profitability for the overall U.S. banking sector during the QE interventions.     

预测与对策:未来中国房地产价格走势分析——以成都市为例

全球金融危机对中国房地产价格影响很大,通过对一系列影响因素的分析,发现这一时期人们的心理预期是所有影响因素中最为敏感的因素,能严重影响中国房地产价格。研究表明,四川省成都市的房地产价格走势与全国房地产价格走势接近,因而能够以该城市的房地产价格作为研究样本,在各种心理预期量化的基础上,预测出未来三年中国房地产价格并提出了相应的政策建议。     

金融冲击与房地产市场波动*——一个宏观分析框架及中国的经验证据

本文从总量宏观分析的视角,提出了金融变量与房地产市场的“总体冲击—传导机制”假说,据此用中国的数据构建金融状况指数（包含房价的FCI1和不包含房价的FCI2）,再对金融状况指数（FCI1和FCI2）与房地产指数做实证分析。研究发现,在资产价格中房价比股价更能反映一国的金融状况;在引入金融状况指数的金融变量中,利率与房价的相关性最强;房价和利率对总产出的影响周期更长。国房景气指数、房地产投资指数和房价指数对FCI冲击的响应显著,并存在不同的表现。由于房价对居民财富、金融状况和宏观经济的影响显著,货币政策理应干预房价,必须精准把握干预的时机和干预的力度以及注重多种货币政策工具的有效搭配使用。     

Quantitative easing tilts the balance between monetary and macroprudential policy

Quantitative easing by central banks has stimulated risk-taking in financial markets and contributed to a liquidity-driven boom in asset prices. It puts the relation between monetary policy and financial stability into a new perspective. We show by a regression analysis for a panel of 11 advanced economies that an asset price bust has adverse effects on inflation. The effect of stock prices and corporate bond rates on inflation is significant, also if we control for developments in credit. This insight implies that in conducting and implementing quantitative easing, central banks should closely monitor and take into account asset bubbles.     

美元贬值对中国通货膨胀的影响:传导途径及其效应

本文结合有向无环图方法(DAG)及结构向量自回归模型(SVAR),分别从成本推动渠道、资金输入渠道和货币扩张渠道就美元贬值对我国通货膨胀影响的传导途径及其效应进行了实证研究。分析表明,由成本推动渠道,美元贬值会迅速带动我国工业品出厂价格上涨,能源价格、食品价格和金属价格的传导效应都很显著,而推动我国居民消费价格走高则存在一定时滞,主要依赖食品价格传导。此外,国际大宗商品价格上涨对我国通货膨胀的影响更侧重于生产领域。由资金输入渠道,美国联邦基金利率走低和美元指数下滑会带动国内商品房销售价格和资本市场价格的结构性上升,进而拉动我国通货膨胀,其中以市场利率和短期资本流动传导尤为显著。由货币扩张渠道,美元贬值对我国工业品出厂价格的影响更为显著,货币扩张主要通过外汇占款和人民币升值预期对我国通货膨胀产生影响,且以对消费领域的影响较为明显。本文的研究显示,我国当前承受着较大的输入型通货膨胀压力。     

房地产价格风险：国际教训、中国的现状及路径选择

房地产泡沫会增加金融风险,房价大幅缩水会导致银行破产,股市下跌。日本、美国、英国、泰国等都爆发过与房地产相关的银行危机。目前,中国房地产金融具有市场风险、财务风险、道德风险和信用风险等潜在风险。应利用税收手段限制投机性购房和短期炒作行为,鼓励中小户型住房的消费,加强城镇廉租住房制度建设,防范“假按揭”风险,完善惩戒机制,加强利率风险管理,完善住房置业担保制度,进一步研究制定房贷保险制度。     

Macroeconomic Effects of Asset‐Price Shocks in a Globalized Financial Market

In this paper, I study a model in which shocks to asset prices affect the real sector of the economy through a credit channel. As financial markets become internationally integrated, the economy becomes less vulnerable to domestic asset‐price shocks, but more vulnerable to foreign asset‐price shocks. To the extent that monetary policy stabilization is feasible and desirable, the globalization of financial markets shifts the focus of monetary policy from domestic asset prices to worldwide asset prices.     

Monetary policy and asset prices

The purpose of this paper is study the effect of monetary policy on asset prices. We study the properties of a monetary model in which a real asset is valued for its rate of return and for its liquidity. We show that money is essential if and only if real assets are scarce, in the precise sense that their supply is not sufficient to satisfy the demand for liquidity. Our model generates a clear connection between asset prices and monetary policy. When money grows at a higher rate, inflation is higher and the return on money decreases. In equilibrium, no arbitrage amounts to equating the real return of both objects. Therefore, the price of the asset increases in order to lower its real return. This negative relationship between inflation and asset returns is in the spirit of research in finance initiated in the early 1980s.