人民币有效汇率波动对货币替代影响的实证研究

本文检验了2003年1月～2008年5月人民币有效汇率走势和波动率对人民币货币替代的影响程度。基于VAR模型的方差分解显示,总体上有效汇率因素对货币替代具有一定程度的影响,且NEER比REER影响更大。Johansen协整检验发现,人民币货币替代率与人民币NEER、REER及其波动率之间存在长期稳定的协整关系。VEC模型揭示了有效汇率的短期波动对货币替代率的长期均衡关系有一定冲击,但影响的弹性较小。2003年以来人民币的反替代现象主要是由于在人民币持续升值的现实和预期下,巨额外资输入寻求避险和保值引起的货币供给量持续增加而导致的。本文建议货币政策要与汇率政策进行协同,将名义有效汇率纳入政策考虑因素有助于提高货币政策的执行效率。     

竞争力平价与人民币均衡汇率研究

传统的汇率决定理论认为，一国货币汇率的衡水平是由购买力平价、利率平价和货币相对供求等决定的。大多数实证研究表明，这些均衡汇率理论只是强调单一因素，同现实相距甚远。本文构建了多因素国际竞争力平价模型，认为均衡实际汇率随着国际竞争力的相对变化而变化，国际竞争力相对提高，该国货币升值，反之则反之。本文利用主成分分析法，从影响人民币汇率的多因素中构造国际竞争力这个指标，实证研究表明人民币实际有效汇率与国际竞争力之间存在协整关系，然后再基于这个协整关系式计算人民币的均衡实际有效汇率，并据以判断人民币汇率偏离均衡水平的程度。     

人民币均衡汇率:一般均衡下单方程协整模型实证研究

基于国内外关于人民币均衡汇率的相关研究,本文建立了一般均衡下单方程协整模型,并利用单位根检验、协整分析、误差修正模型对人民币均衡汇率进行实证研究后认为:20世纪80年代以来,人民币实际有效汇率始终围绕均衡汇率波动,并经历了不同程度的高估和低估;贸易条件、开放度等基本经济因素对人民币实际有效汇率影响显著,而财政政策、货币政策、外汇储备规模对人民币实际有效汇率的影响不显著;人民币汇率错位自我修正能力较强,参考一篮子货币能较好地反映人民币实际有效汇率的波动。     

人民币汇率与股指的因果关系研究

本文选取了2007年3月1日至2012年5月24日之间的日数据,采用ADF单位根检验、协整检验及格兰杰因果检验分析了人民币汇率与我国证券市场股指之间的因果关系,结果表明:汇率与股价的因果关系是存在的,且汇率对股价的影响大于股价对汇率的影响.     

人民币国际化背景下汇率波动对国内物价影响的研究

在8.11汇改与人民币宣布加入SDR后,随着人民币国际化不断深化,人民币汇率可波动空间与不确定性增加,其对国内物价的影响也日益为人们所关注。本文采用2010年1月-2016年12月的月度数据,建立了关于居民消费价格指数、人民币汇率、国际石油价格与货币供给量的协整方程与向量误差修正模型。结论表明,长期而言,人民币汇率对国内物价水平的传递效应较低,短期而言,其具有从短期非均衡向长期均衡调整的自我修复功能。     

人民币汇率与股指的因果关系研究

本文选取了2007年3月1日至2012年5月24日之间的甘数据，采用ADF单位根检验、协整检验及格兰杰因果检验分析了人民币汇率与我国证券市场股指之间的因果关系，结果表明：汇率与股价的因果关系是存在的，且汇率对股价的影响大于股价对汇率的影响。     

人民币汇率升值对我国失业率影响的门限测度

本文运用理论建模和多元门限协整的实证相结合的方法,对人民币汇率升值通过影响出口,从而影响失业率的门限进行了估计。最后得出,若人民币实际有效汇率指数升值超过246.6,使出口每减少1个百分点,将使失业率大约上升0.248个百分点;否则,人民币汇率升值使出口减少导致失业率上升的弹性将减半。为减轻我国就业压力,这就要求货币当局合理调控人民币汇率升值的速度和幅度。     

钉住货币篮子汇率制度在中国应用的研究

主要研究货币篮子的定义,如何确定货币篮子的最优权重,并在此基础上运用协整检验的方法实证分析了我国自2005年7月汇率改革以来人民币货币篮子的运行情况。实证的结果表明,在我们所考察的样本区间内,当人民币篮子货币对美元实际汇率贬值(或升值)1%时,人民币对美元的实际汇率只贬值(或升值)0.32%,表明美元在人民币货币篮子中所占权重较大,人民币对美元的汇率仍缺乏弹性。     

汇率动态与总供求视角下人民币均衡实际汇率

保持人民币汇率在合理、均衡水平上的基本稳定对于人民币国际化具有重要意义。基于总供求分析框架,分析微观行为优化的宏观货币汇率条件．引入国内外相对货币结构差异因素,对均衡实际汇率进行拓展分析,进而对中国经济转型资本项目管制条件下实际汇率及其主要影响因素进行协整检验和动态回归。在本文分析框架下,人民币实际汇率失调并不严重,结合协整和动态回归分析,进入2011年后,人民币实际有效汇率已接近均衡水平,为此应审慎升值。     

人民币有效汇率指数与股票指数的实证研究

文章构建沪深两市A股指数(IS)、人民币有效汇率指数(NE)、调整的国内生产总值(GDP/CPI)和狭义货币供应量(M1)多因素模型,运用协整分析实证框架。首先进行单位根平稳性检验保证序列同阶单整后建立的LS协整关系;之后利用EG两步法,对残差检查平稳度,运用误差修正ECM模型修正协整关系;接着利用脉冲响应函数方法和方差分解阐明汇市是影响股市的重要因素;最后利用EGARCH说明中国股市波动效应的非对称性。实证研究结果分析表明:中国股票市场受汇率影响很大,表明国际化程度提升;并且股市的不对称对政府宏观调控经济的手段及能力提出较高要求。     

宏观调控政策的国际互动及效应

通过运用格兰杰二元因果关系检验和协整检验等方法对多国的货币市场利率、货币供给量、政府净债务和政府支出等指标的增长率变动进行分析,可以证实国际间的货币政策和财政政策调控存在显著的互动关系,并且通过分析这些指标与各国经济总量GDP的互动关系,可以证实存在着国际间宏观经济互动调控的经济福利效应,它通过一些宏观经济调控政策的国际互动机制得以实现。     

人民币均衡汇率错位对进出口的影响——基于协整理论和二元选择模型的实证分析

本文基于协整理论,运用单位根检验、二步法、误差修正模型和二元选择Probit和Logit模型,对人民币均衡汇率错位对进、出口的影响进行了实证分析。本文的创新之处：在模型中引入了反映我国“二元经济结构”特征的三个控制变量——工农业对GDP的贡献度之差,城乡居民家庭恩格尔系数之差,第一产业和第二产业人口构成之差参与回归检验,显著性很强,使得模型更可信和稳定。结论表明：人民币均衡汇率错位对进、出口均有不同程度的负面影响,对进口的负面影响稍大于出口;人民币均衡汇率错位对进口向长期均衡水平的调整比出口更加有利;人民币均衡汇率高估错位幅度越大,越有利于进口;低估错位幅度越大,越有利于出口。     

Exchange rate volatility and exports from East Asian countries to Japan and the USA

The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of exchange rate volatility on exports in four East Asian countries (Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Thailand). Specifically, this article aims at determining whether the bilateral real exchange rate volatility between an East Asian country and its trading partner negatively affects the exports of the East Asian country. Considering the dominant roles of the USA and Japan as trading partners of those East Asian countries, this article focuses on the quarterly export volumes of East Asian countries to the US and Japan for the period from 1981 to 2004. Except for the case of Hong Kong's exports to Japan, cointegration tests and estimations of error correction models indicate exchange rate volatility has negative impacts on exports either in the short-run or in the long-run, or both. On the other hand, the real GDP of importing countries and depreciation of real bilateral exchange rates turn out, in general, to have positive effects. Of special interest is the finding that the impact of the exchange rate volatility does not show any stylized differences depending on whether the importing country is Japan or the USA, even though dollar invoicing dominates in East Asia.     

Empirical study on the influence of RMB exchange rate misalignment on China’s export

Using data from 1978–2005, this paper estimates RMB equilibrium exchange rate and misalignment respectively, and uses Engle-Granger (E-G) two-step method, error correction model to analyze the influence of RMB exchange rate misalignment on China’s export. Because China is the economic transitional country with the character of dualistic economic structure, this paper introduces a control variant into the model which is the gap between agriculture and industry contribution to GDP. Conclusion shows that this model is more credible and stable. There is an obvious cointegration between China’s export and RMB exchange rate misalignment, real effective exchange rate, domestic GDP and foreign weighted average GDP. RMB exchange rate misalignment has an obvious negative influence on China’s export, but it has self-corrected dynamic mechanism. Then using binary Logit model, this paper concludes that the bigger RMB underestimated misalignment is, the bigger net export probability is, which is good for export. The bigger RMB overestimated misalignment is, the smaller net export probability is, which is bad for export.      

Money Demand and Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), in the Republic of South Africa

We have examined empirically two important economic relationships, the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) and the money demand relationship, among the consumer prices, money, output, interest rates, and the nominal rand/dollar exchange rate of the Republic of South Africa (RSA) for the sample period from 1993 second quarter to 2003 second quarter within the frameworks of co-integration and Error Correction Model (ECM). It is established that the strong version of the PPP including the proportionality and the symmetry hypothesis, is supported. The changes in the rand/dollar exchange rates are influenced by the long term trends in the consumer prices of the RSA and the USA. There also exists a well defined money demand function for this period. The broad money demand is influenced by the consumer prices, the GDP and the interest rates. The short-term interest rates are found to be the own rate of return for broad money and the long-term bond yield is the opportunity cost of holding money. The monetary policy works through the short term interest rates.

     

流动性过剩影响因素的实证分析

通过货币的供求对比测度出流动性过剩,采用主成分分析方法研究了流动性过剩的影响因素。实证结果表明,货币存量的持续高位、经济增长、持续低利率与人民币升值、物价指数的高涨、外汇储备和净出口增加导致流动性过剩,资产价格与流动性过剩之间存在反向关系,各因素之间存在着交互影响。实证结果与理论分析结论高度吻合。     

Demand for money in Bangladesh: a cointegration analysis

The aim of this study is to estimate the demand for real broad (M2) money in Bangladesh using the most recently developed autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration analyses. The empirical results show that there is a unique cointegrated and stable long-run relationship among real per capita broad money demand, real per capita income, domestic interest rates and unofficial exchange rate (UM) premiums which act as a surrogate for foreign interest rates. With money as the dependent variable, the results show that the income and interest elasticities are positive while the UM premium elasticity is negative. These results suggest that distortions in the financial and foreign exchange markets should be reduced in order to increase financial saving or monetary accumulation. Our results also reveal that the demand for money in Bangladesh is stable despite the changes in financial and exchange rate policies between 1975 and 1995.     

人民币升值的逆传递效应： 基于供给冲击和需求冲击的分析

基于供给冲击与需求冲击的研究视角,本文阐述了人民币升值的逆传递效应的传导机制。运用协整与向量误差修正模型,实证检验了人民币名义有效汇率与人民币对美元的双边名义汇率的逆传递效应。结果表明,无论在长期还是在短期,人民币升值都不具有通货紧缩效应,而是具有逆传递效应,并且名义有效汇率的逆传递效应强于双边名义汇率。     

The Effects of Foreign Currency Derivatives on the Monetary Policy Exchange Rate Channel in China

This paper examines changes in the monetary policy exchange rate channel in the presence of foreign currency derivatives (FCD) markets in China. Initially a theoretical macroeconomics model incorporating the exchange rate risk hedging is presented, and this is followed by an empirical test. A theoretical model implies that with more firms using foreign currency derivatives to hedge the exchange rate risk, the effect of the exchange rate on the net exports will be weaker and may even be reversed. The empirical section uses Structure Vector Autoregression (SVAR) models with China's monthly macro data over the 2000–2013 period to assess the impact of the FCD market on the exchange rate channel. Empirical support for the changes in the exchange rate channel transmission is found. By impulse response function (IRF) analysis, with the emergence of the domestic FCD market in China, in the long run the probability becomes higher that the negative effect of RMB appreciation on China's net exports to the US is reversed; meanwhile the negative effects of RMB appreciation on the overall net exports and the net exports to the EU become gradually weaker on average.