铁矿石谈判,中国价格能否实现

2009年度铁矿石价格谈判中国与全球三大矿山(力拓、必和必拓及淡水河谷)尚未达成一致,2010年度的铁矿石谈判又即将打响.继2009年8月以宝钢为代表的中国钢铁企业与澳大利亚FMG达成2009年下半年铁矿石价格协议后,再度传来好消息,11月16日,武钢集团与委内瑞拉矿业集团公司达成协议,武钢将从该公司长期(5年以上)采购铁矿石每年达数百万吨,长期协议价格较大幅度低于2009年度日本钢厂与三大矿山达成的首发价.这也是中国钢铁公司拿下的首个长期协议"中国价".     

国际铁矿石市场的契约安排频谱——审视国际铁矿石价格机制的一个全新视角

国际铁矿石市场的各种契约安排呈现一条从纵向一体化向现货交易逐渐过渡、连续渐变的契约安排频谱,它使得铁矿石市场主体之间的契约安排成为一个连续变量。从频谱的左端到右端,相应价格机制的刚性逐渐增强。铁矿石市场主体的利润是外部环境和契约安排的函数,针对既定的外部环境,铁矿石买卖双方在利润最大化的动机驱使下围绕契约安排进行讨价还价。由于存在契约安排即价格决定方式,故当这种讨价还价达到纳什均衡状态时,均衡价格与交易数量同时被决定,铁矿石市场随即达到均衡状态。该理论能够解释自20世纪50年代以来国际铁矿石市场中契约安排重大变化的内在原因。     

基于契约安排频谱的铁矿石市场价格机制研究

国际铁矿石市场的各种契约安排呈现一条从纵向一体化向现货交易逐渐过渡、连续渐变的契约安排频谱,从频谱的左端到右端,相应价格机制的刚性逐渐增强。由于构成铁矿石市场主体利润函数的各经济变量是外部环境和契约安排的函数,因此针对既定的外部环境,市场主体力求与交易对象达成使自身利润最大化的契约安排进而与交易对象围绕契约安排进行讨价还价。当这种讨价还价达到纳什均衡状态时,均衡价格与交易数量同时被决定,铁矿石市场随即达到均衡状态。自上世纪50年代以来国际铁矿石市场中契约安排重大变化均可被解读为外部环境变化影响了铁矿石进出口国的利润函数变量,进而均衡契约安排在频谱上的落点不断推移的过程。     

铁矿石谈判，中国价格能否实习

2009年度铁矿石价格谈判中国与全球三大矿山（力拓、必和必拓及淡水河谷）尚未达成一致,2010年度的铁矿石谈判又即将打响。继2009年8月以宝钢为代表的中国钢铁企业与澳大利亚FMG达成2009年下半年铁矿石价格协议后,再度传来好消息,11月16日,武钢集团与委内瑞拉矿业集团公司达成协议,武钢将从该公司长期（5年以上）采购铁矿石每年达数百万吨,长期协议价格较大幅度低于2009年度日本钢厂与三大矿山达成的首发价。     

激荡的铁矿石

铁矿石持续攀升的价格足以让各大矿产企业赚个盆满钵满,不过对于国内的钢铁企业而言,这并不是值得高兴的消息。铁矿石价格的节节攀升,已经成为国内众多钢铁企业的心病。最新数据显示,截至2013年1月31日,我国铁矿石价格指数(CIOPI)环比上升41.99点,至     

关于我国推出房地产价格指数期货的浅探

房地产是关系到国计民生的行业,集聚着众多的资金,在一定程度上存在着重大的金融风险,国家一般采用行政干预手段来调控房地产市场,然而作为行政干预手段的一个补充,市场的作用又是不可忽视的.本文试图利用用市场化的手段,不是推出单纯的房地产商品期货,而是把价格指数期货引入房地产市场,从金融创新的角度来探讨房地产价格指数期货的意义和可行性,我国推出房地产价格指数存在的障碍,解决的途径以及房地产价格指数期货合约设计,以便对这个问题进行-个初步的探讨.     

中国铁矿石进口价格波动影响因素的实证研究

本文采用多种计量经济学方法对我国铁矿石进口价格的影响因素进行实证分析,并得出以下结论:Johnson检验表明:我国铁矿石进口价格与全球铁矿石进出口量、中国钢铁行业集中度、波罗的海干散货指数和美元指数之间均存在长期协整关系。Granger检验表明,中国铁矿石进口价格和中国铁矿石进口量互为因果,且受全球铁矿石出口量和中国钢铁产业集中度的影响明显。检验显示美元指数和波罗的海干散货指数对中国进口铁矿石价格的影响不大,表明了它们并没有在中国进口铁矿石价格上起到主导作用。基于中国进口铁矿石价格的VAR模型进行了脉冲响应和方差分解分析,结果发现我国铁矿石进口价格对自身的影响并不大,而全球铁矿石进口量影响最大,中国进口铁矿石价格波动有52%来自于汇率变动和中国钢铁行业集中度变化,有40%来自于运输成本和中国铁矿石进口量变化。全球铁矿石出口量的扰动对中国进口铁矿石价格的影响微弱。     

我国期货市场价格与CPI关系研究

我们利用近几年期货价格指数与消费价格指数数据,对两者的现行关系进行实证研究,结果表明从期货市场价格指数到CPI存在因果关系,先行时间5个月,且存在长期均衡关系。但是期货市场的价格发现功能依然存在某些缺陷。因此,应当进一步完善我国的期货市场,使商品期货指数成为监测我国经济景气的指示器。     

我国货币市场与资本市场对接的风险与监管

分割的货币市场与资本市场由于市场发育不完善,我国的货币市场和资本市场实际上是分割的,即短期资金主要集中在银行间同业市场交易,而股票、企业债券等长期资本在深沪交易所交易。货币市场资金不能以公开的、合法的渠道流入资本市场。目前我国货币市场与资本市场合法流通渠道主     

论“闭关不锁国”战略的社会基础与实践路径——从中国义乌小商品市场指数的矛盾性博弈谈起

近半年来,义乌小商品市场的价格指数逐步攀升,而景气指数则反向跌落,这种违背经济学基本原理的现象说明,包括义乌中国小商品城在内的中国出口企业对出口商品的价格协议能力十分有限。针对这种情况,比较可行的措施是推行外贸企业内贸化经营,确立我国商品的品牌能力,建立我国商品的销售网络,进而提高其出口的价格协议能力,最终重新实现"中国制造"在国际市场上的竞争力。     

Baltic Dry Index and iron ore spot market: dynamics and interactions

Baltic Dry Index (BDI) is often included in the iron ore spot price. Iron ore market experienced a transition in pricing mechanism from the annual negotiated price to the one based on spot market price in 2008/2009. This paper investigates the dynamics of and the interactions between BDI and iron ore spot price in the regime of the new pricing mechanism. In addition to controlled variables, we find significant spillover interactions between BDI and the iron ore market. We also detect mean-reversion movement in the iron ore market, signalling certain inefficiency in the market pricing.     

Irrational exuberance in the Chinese iron ore market?

The rapid run-ups in the Chinese iron ore market in the first half of 2016 have sparked much concern about the appearance of speculative bubbles in this market among many market analysts. Using a recently developed bubble testing procedure, we confirm that there indeed existed periods of irrational exuberance in the Chinese iron ore market. However, most of the bubble periods are short-lived, reflecting the market’s ability to quickly respond to price deviations unjustified by fundamentals. The longest bubble period occurred in mid-2014, corresponding to a period of relatively low trading volume. Using a fractional probit model, we find evidence consistent with the hypothesis that market liquidity may play a role in bubble occurrences.     

上证180指数的GARCH族模型仿真研究——对上证300指数的间接实证建模分析

本文旨在运用GARCH族模型对即将作为股指期货标的物——上证300指数进行间接实证建模研究。本文使用上证180指数研究上证300指数具有可行性。分析结果表明:上海股市股价波动确实存在显著的GARCH效应和冲击持久效应,并存在较弱的杠杆效应;收益率条件方差序列是平稳的,模型具有可预测性,GARCH-M(1,1)模型可以很好地拟合与预测上证180指数。该仿真模型可以较好地实现点对点的长期高精度预测,克服了传统预测模型只能进行短期预测的缺陷。这不仅对于投资者规避风险,开拓利润空间,而且对于我国资本市场的稳健发展,都具有重要的理论与实践指导意义。     

Effects of house-sale restrictions in China: a difference-in-difference approach

Chinese housing prices have increased rapidly in recent years. Concerned about the potential for a burst bubble, the Chinese government has been intervening in the market to rein in the rising price trend since 2010. In March 2017, a new housing policy, called house-sale restriction, was developed to curtail speculation in the Chinese housing market. This study uses a difference-in-difference model to examine the policy effect of this new restriction. By using house-sale and price data of 43 cities across 30 provinces in China, we find that house-sale restrictions could effectively reduce speculation in the market as well as decrease housing prices in the short term. This study analyses only the short-term effect of this new housing policy; the long-term effect requires further examination.     

State Taxation of the Iron Ore Industry in Western Australia

As a contribution to the debate over the taxation of the extractive industries, this article provides estimates of the short run and long run price elasticities of supply for iron ore in Western Australia. Using these estimates, an increase of 1 per cent in the average royalty rate on iron ore is shown to result in a short run decline of 0.61 per cent in the output of iron ore, and a long run decline of 4.36 per cent. It is concluded that raising tax revenue by ad valorem royalties on iron ore leads to a substantial distortion of output, especially after accounting for indirect effects.     

货币和资产收益的联动效应——源自通缩与通胀时期的证据

文章建立一个由货币供应、通货膨胀、证券以及房地产市场指数收益指标组成的向量自回归模型,分别利用中国通货紧缩时期以及货币流动性充裕、通胀水平相对较高时期的月度数据,对这些参变量的长期协整关系和短期调整动力学进行系统分析。研究结果提示:(1)宏观当局在实行货币政策时,必须同时防止出现严重的货币流动性过剩或不足;(2)有效抑制国内物价水平短期内的大幅波动,维持国内经济和社会稳定;(3)完善国内证券市场的制度建设,维护投资者信心,使其保持稳步上扬的态势;(4)加大房地产市场的调控力度,避免房地产市场价格出现大起大落,使其逐步与其他宏观经济金融变量建立起比较稳固的长期关系。     

Reconsidering the macroeconomics of the oil price in Germany: testing for causality in the frequency domain

This paper reconsiders the macroeconomics of the oil price for Germany. It investigates whether causality between the oil price and a selection of both macroeconomic and financial market variables differs between frequency bands. Both a bivariate frequency-wise causality measure and its higher-dimensional extension are applied. The main findings are that short-run causality exists between the oil price and variables such as short-term interest rates and the German share price index, while long-run causality is found between the oil price and long-term interest rates. Moreover, the oil price predicts the consumer price index at a high number of different frequencies, while no significant causality is found to run from the oil price to industrial production and the unemployment rate.      

货币政策与金融资产价格

( 1 )货币政策对金融资产价格 (特别是股票价格 )有影响 ,当投资的上升引起原材料和劳动力价格上涨时 ,扩张性货币政策的长期结果是同时引起商品物价水平和股票价格的上升 ;当投资具有规模经济效应或可以使劳动生产率显著提高时 ,扩张性货币政策的长期结果是股价的上升和物价水平的下降。因此 ,货币数量与通货膨胀的关系不仅取决于商品和服务的价格 ,而且在一定意义上取决于股市。 ( 2 )无论股市财富效应大小 ,通过货币政策刺激股票市场拉动需求的做法在长期都是不可靠的。当股市价格偏离稳态已经越来越远时 ,经济运行将是不安全的。     

电力市场远期合同交易的实验分析

由于电力商品的特殊性,电力市场中的各参与者面临前所未有的风险。远期合同交易的引入不仅可以锁定电价以回避价格风险,还可以对市场成员的交易策略产生影响,抑制市场力和促进竞争。笔者认为实验经济学的方法在电力市场问题的研究中有着广阔的应用前景。     

Effects of Transport Regulation on the Oil Market: Does Market Power Matter?

Instruments used to regulate the consumption of oil in the transport sector include fuel taxes, biofuel requirements, and fuel‐efficiency standards. However, the effects that these have on oil consumption and price vary. If market power is present in the oil market, the directions of change in consumption and price might contrast with those in a competitive market. As a result, the market structure affects not only the effectiveness of the policy instruments used to reduce oil consumption, but also the terms of trade and carbon leakage. In particular, reduced oil consumption, as a result of increased fuel‐efficiency standards, will unambiguously increase the price of oil under a monopoly.