生态足迹、产业结构与区域经济可持续发展——以重庆为例

应用生态足迹模型测算了重庆1997年～2009年的生态足迹,应用发展能力公式对重庆可持续发展能力进行了评估,以及采用产业一生态和谐指数分析了产业结构与生态环境的协调性。实证研究表明：1997年～2009年重庆人均生态足迹不断增加,人均生态赤字逐年扩大;可持续发展能力有所提高,但仍然具有潜在的不可持续性;产业一生态和谐指数逐步下降,产业发展超出生态环境承载能力的势头逐步加强。在生态问题的背后,产业结构是影响重庆可持续发展的关键．对产业结构与生态环境关系的认识与解决程度有助于减少重庆生态赤字。推动重庆经济可持续发展。     

制度创新对我国循环经济发展的影响分析

一、发展循环经济存在的问题循环经济是以生态经济、环境经济、可持续发展理论为基础形成的经济发展理论与运行模式。循环经济要求把环境资源作为一个内生变量,纳入到整个社会的经济发展中,从而构建一个系统封闭的物质流动体系,以此改变以当代新古典经济理论为基础的对环境资源进行末端治理的经济发展模式。     

河南省三大产业生态足迹的实证研究

依据生态足迹理论与方法,计算分析了河南省1989～2008年20年间产业生态足迹和生态占用强度的动态变化.结果发现:河南省人均总生态足迹呈上升趋势,耕地和能源在生态足迹中占主要份额;第一产业对生态资源占用的比例最大,生态占用强度最高,且一直大于产业平均生态占用强度;第二、三产业生态占用强度都处于明显的下降趋势,第二产业在1991年以后小于产业平均值;第三产业明显低于产业平均值,占用生态资源的强度较小.通过评估各产业自然资源的利用程度,可以为政府制定相应的经济政策,保持经济、资源、环境协调和可持续发展提供参考.     

基于生态足迹的江苏省城镇居民消费的可持续发展研究

从生态需求与供给的角度着手,运用生态足迹模型对江苏省城镇居民的人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力进行时间序列的动态测度与比较分析,探讨了江苏省城镇居民消费的可持续发展情况。研究结果表明:随着城市化、工业化进程的不断加快和居民生活水平的提高,在过去的2000—2011年共12年里江苏省城镇居民的人均生态足迹持续增长,而人均生态承载力不断减小,生态赤字呈现不断扩大的态势。江苏省城镇居民的消费需求超过了自然生态系统的供给能力,即人们的生活强度超过了该区域生态系统的承载能力,生态环境已处于不安全状态,导致江苏省城镇居民可持续消费面临巨大挑战。     

区域生态补偿机制中的区域分工模式研究

协调区域关系,既要基于各区域经济、社会、资源、环境的长期差异性,通过区域供给能力与开发——保护的需求相匹配,实现区域收入增长与生态保护的协调;也要通过区域之间分工协作,形成经济社会开发和自然生态保护的最优空间配置,实现区域供需总体平衡与综合效益最大化的区域分工模式。与此相配套,需要一定的制度保证。在区域分工模式基础上,运用区域生态补偿机制,促进区域协调发展,促进区域分工合作和资源空间合理配置,达到区域经济发展与生态保护的协调与统一。     

苏南经济发展中的土地资源约束探讨

苏南经济快速发展的背后是土地资源的日渐减少,土地资源先天条件不优越加上粗放浪费的使用模式使苏南较早地面临经济发展的资源瓶颈.土地资源趋紧带来了区域粮食安全的问题;导致了苏南商务成本的加大,低成本优势逐渐丧失;土地资源约束直接威胁到了全区的可持续发展.针对以上问题,文章通过比照国际上两种不同发展模式,从中得出有益的启示:今后苏南应尽快转变经济发展模式,通过技术创新,注重开发、培植新技术,走出低端竞争的误区.     

脱钩视域下资源型城市生态承载力预测研究

基于脱钩视域构建资源型城市生态承载力预测分析框架,结合生态足迹法对资源型城市的生态承载力进行测度,在此基础上,运用灰色马尔可夫链对资源型城市的生态承载力进行动态预测研究,并以典型的资源型城市鹤岗市为例进行实证研究。研究表明:2019—2023年,鹤岗市人均生态足迹处于小幅度上升趋势,但由于总人口数量处于下降趋势,环境压力指数呈下降态势;另一方面全市生产总值处于逐渐递增的状态,经济驱动能力呈现上升状态。研究成果对鹤岗市进行资源型城市未来产业结构调整提供支持,也为其他资源型城市进行产业结构布局提供借鉴。     

以区域品牌提升区域经济核心竞争力

商标作为知识产权之一,是企业自主创新能力的集中体现,实施商标战略对于转变经济发展方式,缓解资源环境约束,建设创新型国家,提升国家核心竞争力具有重要意义,而依托优势特色产业集群,培育创建品牌基地和区域品牌,发展品牌经济,是提升区域经济核心竞争力、促进区域经济发展的有力举措。     

中原生态经济区的建设与规划分析

中原生态经济区强调同时实现环境、经济、社会效益,侧重相互合作与整体利益,突出资源的节约共用与可持续发展,是工业系统、交换系统、社会网络、文化氛围的营造以及各种基础设施的物质空间建设,其健康运行需要区域经济发展、综合治理、循环经济发展、生态工业网络的政策支持。     

内蒙古经济可持续发展的途径

当前,内蒙古自治区的经济增长速度已经连续多年位居全国第一,各项经济指标逐年提升。然而,快速增长的背后是资源的盲目开发与粗放式利用,生态环境问题日益突出。短期来看是以资源、环境的代价换来了经济的增长,然而这种经济增长方式的长期效果却是人均福利的减少、资源的衰减乃至枯竭、环境的严重恶化和经济增长停滞甚至衰退。如果不及时采取措施转变经济发展方式,势必将阻碍经济的可持续发展。本文分别以人口、资源、环境与经济的可持续发展为主线来分析内蒙古经济可持续发展的现实状况,在此基础上探讨内蒙古经济可持续发展的三个途径。     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

蒸汽热量计量应用的探析

研究了石油化工企业的燕汽计量情况,着重对蒸汽热量计量的合理性进行了分析,阐述了蒸汽热量计量的依据及计算方法,以及蒸气热量计量对节能降耗的重要意义.     

论传统旗袍文化与现代时装

中国的旗袍文化蕴含着非常丰富的文化内涵和设计思想,如今旗袍的普及受到一定的限制,只有经过改良,才可变局限性为可行性,才可使旗袍焕发青春,走向新时代。     

望峰岗矿井贯通测量技术分析

在深部开采矿井两井间贯通测量时,利用加测陀螺定向边和用四架法代替传统的三架法测量,分析了由起始边的方位角误差引起的支导线终点误差及由测角量边引起的导线终点的点位误差.     

工程施工质量控制和管理要点

提高施工中质量管理工作水平，为公司今后发展打下良好基础。     

高油价影响我国经济

从2004年初以来，国际油价急剧攀升，文章分析了原油价格居高不下的原因，对未来油价的走势及其对我国经济的影响和冲击进行了预测，面对这种情况我国必须采取应对措施：树立节能消费理念；促进技术创新，推动产业升级；建立石油战略储备、推出原油期货、推动多元化战略等。     

亲油性纤维材料性能及应用

纤维素纤维是自然界广泛分布的天然纤维,像法桐球果纤维、木棉纤维、杨花纤维、蒲公英绒纤维,都是纤维素纤维,纤维具有吸油快、吸油量大、拒水的性能特点,纤维不易进行纺织生产加工,但可以作为海面吸油材料使用,并且加工方法简单,吸油效果好。     

Optimizing receiver performance using harm claim thresholds

More and more systems need to be squeezed together in frequency, space and time in order to satisfy the growth in demand for radio services. However, greater proximity increases the risk of service breakdowns caused both by poor interference tolerance in receivers and by inappropriate signals radiated by transmitters.     

Broadband expectations and the convergence of ranks

Broadband Internet service to widely held to be a significant contributor to economic development and global competitiveness, and comparison of adoption rates across countries are common. This paper presents evidence that the relative broadband Internet adoption ranks across the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (“OECD”) countries are converging to the wireline telephone adoption ranks in the mid 1990s. This was a time when wireline telephone service had reached maturity, but before consumers began to abandon traditional telephone services for mobile services and Internet telephone technologies. As such, in the absence of better data on household adoption, wireline telephone rank is a useful proxy for a country's ultimate fixed-line broadband penetration rank. Having such an educated guess available regarding broadband rank should reduce the amount of anxiety over rankings, since similar rankings across the two services implies suitable broadband performance. Large departures, alternately, may be a cause for concern or delight. Like prior analyses, the findings suggest that the adoption of communications services is largely an economic and demographic issue.