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基本医疗保险对退休老人保障效果分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
运用经济学理论,从医疗保险消费者效用最大化和提高制度效率角度出发,对医疗保险应该对消费者医疗费用补偿的范围进行了分析。并将这一分析结果与基本医疗保险制度保障范围进行比较,指出基本医疗保险保障范围存在偏差,由此导致了对老年人的保障不足。运用实证分析方法,对各地医疗保险对老年人保障效果进行分析,得出了一般城市存在基本医疗保险保障不足,老年医疗需求受抑制现象。提出了基本医疗保险制度调整的若干建议。 相似文献
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中国进入人口老龄化迅速发展的时期,对老年住房的需求增大,政府以及房地产行业应适度超前开发老年住房。一方面,老年住房是解决广大老年人养老问题的关键和基础;另一方面,也能拉动经济增长,带动相关产业发展,缓解社会压力,减轻政府财政负担。 相似文献
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预期心理广泛的存在于消费者的消费活动中。文章针对目前消费者对房地产价格看跌的心理预期对房地产销售产生的影响,分析了消费者预期心理的具体表现和原因,并对房地产企业应如何采取有效的营销手段,引导消费者正确、合理的预期,以促进房地产销售提出了相关营销策略。 相似文献
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品牌之所以有价值,是因为它对消费者有价值,而不同行业品牌在消费者购买决策中所起的作用是不一样的。本文从房地产行业角度,分析了房地产品牌的特殊性,对房地产行业的品牌敏感和品牌价值进行研究。 相似文献
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文章以理性决策消费者为研究对象,分析在理性决策消费者购买房地产产品的五阶段过程中,房地产品牌如何作用于消费者购买行为。 相似文献
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我国已进入老龄化社会,蓬勃发展的旅游业正迎来一股"老年浪潮"。随着社会转型,越来越多的老年人开始走出家园,走进自然,老年旅游开始成为大众消费者的强流。在老年旅游日益高涨的同时,也遇到了诸多问题,成为老年旅游发展的瓶颈。调查老年旅游市场的现状,分析老年旅游发展的瓶颈,提出老年旅游的解决方案,以期更好地发展老年旅游市场。 相似文献
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房地产销售的过程比较漫长,市场营销环境又复杂多变,房地产开发商只有从房地产整体销售过程出发,采取合适的整体定价策略,才能在竞争激烈、不断变化的买方市场中处于主动地位.而消费者对商品价格的心理反应模式直接影响着企业对商品的定价以及价格调整的方式.本文对房地产整体定价策略和消费者价格心理反应模式进行了论述,分析了两者之间相互影响、相互作用的关系,并从消费者心理活动的角度提出了房地产整体定价策略使用中应注意的问题. 相似文献
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房地产销售的过程比较漫长,市场营销环境又复杂多变,房地产开发商只有从房地产整体销售过程出发,采取合适的整体定价策略,才能在竞争激烈、不断变化的买方市场中处于主动地位。而消费者对商品价格的心理反应模式直接影响着企业对商品的定价以及价格调整的方武。本文对房地产整体定价策略和消费者价格心理反应模式进行了论述,分析了两者之间相互影响、相互作用的关系,并从消费者心理活动的角度提出了房地产整体定价策略使用中应注意的问题。 相似文献
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M. Angeles Díaz 《Applied economics》2013,45(11):1435-1442
In this article we analyse the determinants of temporary employment through a balanced panel of workers from 1995 to 2000. First, we estimate a panel with 1267 individuals with ages ranging from 16 to 65 years. We obtain that the probability of having a temporary contract increases for people younger than 46 years old. Secondly, we estimate separately the sample of people younger than 46 years old and we obtain that the probability of temporality increases for young people with university level of education. More interestedly, the probability of being in a temporary contract is smaller for young women that for young men in Spain. 相似文献
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This study investigates whether models of forward‐looking behavior explain the observed patterns of heavy drinking and smoking of men in late middle age in the Health and Retirement Study better than myopic models. We develop and estimate a sequence of nested models that differ by their degree of forward‐looking behavior. Our empirical findings suggest that forward looking models fit the data better than myopic models. These models also dominate other behavioral models based on out‐of‐sample predictions using data of men aged 70 and over. Myopic models predict rates of smoking for old individuals, which are significantly larger than those found in the data on elderly men. 相似文献
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长沙市康体休闲服务产品外地市场研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对来长沙的外地人士的问卷调查和访谈、对长沙一些旅行社、导游和行业相关者的访谈以及有关的资料搜集方法获得数据,然后对数据进行分析,发现人们对康体休闲服务产品存在某些负面的思想。康体休闲服务产品中洗脚、健身、美容的外地市场潜力较大,除美容外,其他产品的消费者均以男士为主;收入水平普遍较高,除洗浴月均收入在1001--3000元,其他均为5000元以上者;消费者年龄层基本在26—55岁;已婚有小孩的因公商务出差男士购买洗脚、洗浴较多;离异的因旅游来的男士购买按摩、洗浴较多;未婚或者已婚无小孩的因探亲访友男士购买康体健身多,旅游的女士以美容居多。针对分析的结果提出针对优势特征,完善产品开发、加强管理,与各管理部门合作共同发展完善康体休闲经济、形成长沙城市的城市风格,丰富康体产品的文化内涵、提高服务质量,加大宣传力度等对策发展和完善长沙市康体休闲服务产品。 相似文献
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城镇新旧养老保险模式中养老金水平比较研究——以2005年资料为依据的模拟分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
人们普遍担心新型城镇基本养老保险制度中的养老金水平会有所降低,这直接会影响到城镇基本养老保险制度的可持续发展。文章借用生命周期理论和世代交叠模型理论的基本原理,以模拟测算的方式对此问题进行了必要的探讨和研究。其结论为:一是新方案的养老金水平比旧方案要低,养老金发放水平的总体差距比原来有所拉大,但新方案的结构可能更趋合理;二是男女之间养老金发放水平的差距将进一步拉大。根据这一研究结果,文章建议采取在同一代人之间和世代交叠之间两个层面上效率与公平的统筹兼顾策略,并提高女性退休年龄等措施来缩小差距,以保证基本效率基础上的社会公平。 相似文献
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社会观念、社会风气的转变是社会变迁的一个重要方面。清末民初安徽传统的"重义理,轻艺事"观念、"重农轻商""重儒轻商"观念的动摇,男女平等观念开始出现端倪,旧的生活方式和政治生活方式的些许变化及读新书、阅报刊、学外语、出国留学等新风气的出现,表明清末民初安徽传统的社会观念、社会风气在一定程度上、一定范围内有了异于传统的变化。这些变化,既是外力冲击的结果,也是安徽自身为适应时代的变化而不断自我调整的结果。但这些变化主要是发生在城市、城镇及社会上层,广大农村及社会下层的观念、风气还是较为保守的,对安徽社会来说,要使变化从点发展到面,从上延伸到下,还需要一段路程要走。 相似文献
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Recent studies find that women are less competitive than men. This gender difference in competitiveness has been suggested
as one possible explanation for why men occupy the majority of top positions in many sectors. In this study we explore competitiveness
in children, with the premise that both context and gendered stereotypes regarding the task at hand may influence competitive
behavior. A related field experiment on Israeli children shows that only boys react to competition by running faster when
competing in a race. We here test if there is a gender gap in running among 7–10 year old Swedish children. We also introduce
two female sports, skipping rope and dancing, to see if competitiveness is task dependent. We find no gender difference in
reaction to competition in any task; boys and girls compete equally. Studies in different environments with different types
of tasks are thus important in order to make generalizable claims about gender differences in competitiveness. 相似文献
19.
The Hunger of Old Women in Rural Tanzania: Can Subjective Data Improve Poverty Measurement?
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Lars Osberg 《Review of Income and Wealth》2015,61(4):723-738
On average, women in Tanzania are slightly less likely than men to say that they are “always/often without enough food to eat”—but this masks a much higher rate of self‐reported food deprivation among elderly rural women. Official Tanzanian poverty statistics are, however, based on a methodology which presumes equal sharing per equivalent adult within the household. This paper combines subjective and objective micro‐data from Tanzania's 2007 Household Budget Survey and 2007 Views of the People Survey. By imputing individual consumption based on the relative probability of self‐reported food deprivation, it provides an example of the possible importance of one type of intra‐household inequality—i.e., the hunger of old women—for poverty measurement. Implications include the complexity of gendered intra‐household inequality and the importance of “technical” poverty measurement choices for public policy priorities, such as old age pensions. 相似文献
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The Saving Behaviour of a Two-person Household 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Martin Browning 《The Scandinavian journal of economics》2000,102(2):235-251
The facts that wives are typically younger than their husbands and that women typically live longer than men imply that wives may have more incentive to save for old age than do husbands. A theoretical model of the determination of household saving and portfolio choice is introduced which takes into account differences in preferences for saving. The most important result is that the level and the composition (portfolio) of saving and the time path of consumption are dependent on the distribution of income within the household.
JEL classification: D 1; D 7 相似文献
JEL classification: D 1; D 7 相似文献