当心供应链管理中的“长鞭陷阱”

全国乘用车信息联席会发布统计数据，目前仅在29家轿车生产企业中，轿车库存就已经达到100360辆。下半年，减少库存又是汽车厂家的一大任务。     

“牛鞭效应”对供应链库存管理的影响

本文对“牛鞭效应”对供应链库存管理的影响做出了简要分析。     

供应链管理中的"牛鞭效应"

以前，是企业与企业之间的竞争，以后将是供应链与供应链之间的竞争。面对现代管理中日益增长的缩小库存量和改进服务的压力，供应链上不同的企业有着各自相对的目的。本文介绍了供应链失调的原因及供应链中的“牛鞭效应”，并给出了几点应对策略。     

供应链管理中的“牛鞭效应”及对策分析

"牛鞭效应"是在供应链中,每一个供应链节点企业的信息都有一个信息的扭曲,并且这种扭曲程度沿着供应链向上游不断扩大,使订货量的波动程度沿供应链不断扩大。为尽量弱化"牛鞭效应"对供应链的影响,近年来,国内外许多学者对此进行了研究。本研究在对"牛鞭效应"原因分析的基础上,提出了几点消除"牛鞭效应"的对策。     

供应链管理新概念——采购外包 “供应链学院”——电子化学习解决方案——埃森哲举办高层管理系列研讨会

供应链管理已为中国企业首席执行官和高层管理人员非常关注。在亚洲各国 ,供应链服务的市场需求以23 %的速度逐年递增。最近 ,世界著名的管理及信息技术服务公司埃森哲针对全球600多家跨国企业做了一项研究 ,无可辩驳地揭示出这样的事实 :供应链是企业提升股东价值及竞争优势的关键驱动因素。为了帮助中国企业管理人员实施供应链转型 ,使之成为推动企业增长与价值创造的有力武器 ,埃森哲公司依托其在全球供应链管理领域的领先知识与实践经验 ,计划举办一系列供应链专题研讨会 ,由来自美国、欧洲和亚洲地区的埃森哲供应链专家演讲 ,围绕企业…     

RFID系统在供应链管理中的应用

RFID系统能够在复杂的供应网络中跟踪产品和供应来源情况,是高效供应链管理(SCM)解决方案的重要手段之一,使众多的行业受益匪     

零售企业敏捷供应链系统CSS-SCM的研究

供应链核心在于实现供应链环节中的信息沟通，数据互换和协同工作，改造和整合企业的业务流程，因此供应链系统模型应该具有动态可重构的特点，系统主体的构成也应反映这种思想，在系统中引入“大规模定制”，“工作流”的新思想和“异构系统兼容”，“通用报表”以及“三层架构应用体系及开发手段”等新技术将使供应链系统更为“敏捷”。     

《在竞争中学习竞争》专栏之二 会当凌绝顶,一览众山小——从爱立信事件看供应链管理

最近,有一篇关于首届中关村最具发展潜力中小高新技术企业推荐活动的报道,其中指出,"目前中关村中小企业开始高度重视技术创新,与早期单纯的贸易型或制造型企业有了相当大的不同","在调查过程中,众多中小企业认为,作为中小高新技术企业,他们感到缺乏管理是企业现阶段发展的瓶颈,是急需解决的首要问题".①为了在激烈的竞争中保持不败,高技术企业必须始终抓住技术创新不放,同时要加强管理.现在管理书籍、讲座、咨询公司多如牛毛,哪些是当前国内外成功企业所采用的可能产生较显著效益的方法呢?下面先从实际案例的分析入手,引出当前一个热门的理论与实践课题.     

用信息集成解决供应链中的“牛鞭效应”

牛鞭效应是供应链管理和营销活动中普遍存在的现象。那么牛鞭效应的原因是什么？又如何来解决牛鞭效应。[编者按]     

A RESEARCH AGENDA FOR STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN THE 1990s

The importance of thinking strategically is often glossed over when academics try to apply this concept to themselves. This frequently results in research or articles that are not very insightful or useful either to other academics or to practising managers. To overcome this problem and to explore the future needs of the field of strategic management, this article proposes topics for a research agenda for strategic management in the 1990s that is based on the forecast of ‘experts’ in the field.     

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ARGUMENTS FOR MODELING LABOR SUPPLY AS A CHOICE AMONG LATENT JOBS

Models of labor supply derived from stochastic utility representations and discretized sets of feasible hours of work have gained popularity because they are more practical than the standard approaches based on marginal calculus. In this paper we argue that practicality is not the only feature that can be addressed by means of stochastic choice theory. This theory also offers a powerful framework for developing a more realistic model for labor supply choices, founded on individuals having preferences over jobs and facing restrictions on the choice of jobs and hours of work. We discuss and clarify how this modeling framework deviates from both the conventional discrete approach [Van Soest, A. ( 1995 ) Structural models of family labor supply. A discrete choice approach. Journal of Human Resources 30: 63–88), as well as the standard textbook approach based on marginal calculus (Hausman, J.A. ( 1992 ) The econometrics of nonlinear budget sets. Econometrica 53: 1255–1282]. We furthermore discuss how the model based on job choice can be applied to simulate effects of alternative restrictions on hours of work.     

MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS IN FAMILY FIRMS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND DIRECTIONS FOR THE FUTURE

Family firms play a significant role in the global economy. Although family firm literature has devoted much time and effort to investigating topics concerning corporate governance, leadership, ownership and succession, accounting issues have received relatively scant attention. In this paper, we assemble and critically review extant literature on the choice of management controls. This is an essential topic for firms as management control systems (MCS) are used to make sure subordinates behave in function of the goals of the firm. Family firms, however, have distinct features, such as differences in governance structures and goals, which can have a significant impact on whether and how MCS are used. We conclude this review paper by providing avenues for future research that can advance our understanding of both the determinants and the outcomes of the choice of MCS.     

SIMPLY A QUESTION OF CULTURAL BARRIERS? THE SEARCH FOR NEW PERSPECTIVES IN THE TRANSFER OF JAPANESE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

This paper discusses the transfer of management practices from parent companies in Japan into the operations of overseas subsidiaries of Japanese enterprises. the literature reviewed as well as the findings of case studies on human resource management practices in Japanese manufacturing firms in Australia suggest that key but rather high-cost practices associated with Japanese management including tenured employment, seniority-based remuneration and the provision of extensive welfare benefits are absent in overseas Japanese firms. On the other hand, relatively low-cost practices such as internal training, internal promotion and job rotation have been generally introduced into the firms researched. It appears, therefore, that the transfer of Japanese management practices is primarily affected by economic considerations rather than socio-cultural constraints as it has frequently been argued in the literature. Thus, the development of new theoretical frameworks explaining the transfer (or its absence) of Japanese management practices is essential. the paper takes a small step in this direction by suggesting that the overseas expansion of Japanese subcontracting networks including large-scale corporations as well as smaller size firms, produces conditions leading to the marginalization of segments of the local labour force and the emergence of the core-peripheral workforce dichotomy at the international level.     

THE ECONOMIC EFFECT OF HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS FOR THE U.K., GERMANY AND JAPAN

This paper attempts to estimate the marginal productivity of highway construction in the U.K., Germany and Japan during the 15 years following the first oil crisis. In addition, highway-improvement policy in Japan is evaluated using a simple macro-economic regression model. The following conclusions were obtained: in every country the marginal productivity of highway construction decreased over the period 1975-85, with the decrease most pronounced in Japan; subsequently, it increased slowly in the U.K. and Germany, with Japan leveling off though still having the highest value among the three countries; the U.K. maintained a high level of highway productivity largely as a result of a high degree of utilization. There is scope in Japan for attaining a higher level (approximately equal to that of the late 1970s) if the extent of highway utilization can be maintained by additional construction. This implies that future highway-construction policy should be of efficiency-seeking nature.