初创企业研发投入强度与绩效门限效应研究

初创企业具有经营时间较短、规模较小、资源匮乏等劣势。传统关于初创企业研发强度与绩效关系的研究,忽略了企业科研成果转化能力对两者关系的影响。基于初创企业的特殊性,以科研成果转化能力为门限变量,构建研发强度与绩效关系的面板门限模型。实证结果表明,科研成果转化能力对研发投入强度与绩效关系的影响存在双门限效应。当初创企业科研成果转化能力小于门限值17%时,研发投入强度与绩效呈显著负相关;当初创企业科研成果转化能力介于门限值17%~45.7%时,两者存在正相关关系;当创业企业科研成果转化能力高于门限值45.7%时,两者呈显著负相关。     

研发强度、商品化程度与创业绩效——基于2007-2012年创业板制造业企业的实证分析

以2007-2012年创业板上市公司中80家制造业企业的面板数据为样本,考察研发强度、商品化程度对企业创业绩效的影响。研究发现：研发强度、商品化程度均对企业创业绩效有显著的正向影响,而且研发强度与商品化程度之间的交互作用可以促进两者对企业创业绩效的正向作用。同时,研发强度对绩效的影响存在某一临界点,当投入小于该临界值时,企业绩效会随着研发强度的增加而增加,当投入大于该值时,研发投入继续增加会对企业绩效产生显著的抑制作用。该成果将为创业企业合理配置资源而提供理论参考。     

金融分权、区域研发投入与创新产出——基于面板门限模型的实证研究

分析金融分权对区域研发投入的影响机制，以及金融分权背景下区域研发投入对创新产出的作用路径，并通过构建面板门限模型进行相关实证研究。研究发现：第一，金融分权程度对区域研发投入存在显著的门限效应。在金融分权程度低于门限值时，随着金融分权程度的提高，区域研发投入也随之增加；在金融分权程度高于门限值时，随着金融分权程度继续提高，区域研发投入却随之减少。第二，在金融分权的背景下，区域研发投入对创新产出具有显著的门限效应。在金融分权程度低于门限值时，区域研发投入对创新产出的促进作用微弱；在金融分权程度高于门限值时，区域研发投入对创新产出的促进作用显著。基于实证研究结果，讨论了更好发挥金融分权和区域研发投入对创新产出赋能效应的公共政策。     

企业研发管理对R&D投入与企业绩效关系的调节效应——对广东省科技型中小微企业的分析

RD投入与企业绩效的关系一直是学术界关注的焦点。在对国内外相关文献进行分析的基础上,以广东省3 214家科技型中小微企业为研究样本,实证研究RD投入对科技型中小微企业绩效的影响以及企业研发管理对两者关系的调节作用。结果表明:RD投入对企业绩效有显著影响,同时企业研发管理制度对企业RD投入与其绩效的关系具有显著调节作用。其中,研发管理制度对研发经费投入强度、研发人员投入总量、研发人员投入强度与企业绩效之间的关系具有显著调节作用,但是对研发经费投入总量与企业绩效之间的关系没有显著调节作用。据此,从企业、政府两个层面提出相应的对策建议。     

企业研发管理对R&D投入与企业绩效关系的调节效应

R&D投入与企业绩效的关系一直是学术界关注的焦点。在对国内外相关文献进行分析的基础上，以广东省3 214家科技型中小微企业为研究样本，实证研究R&D投入对科技型中小微企业绩效的影响以及企业研发管理对两者关系的调节作用。结果表明：R&D投入对企业绩效有显著影响，同时企业研发管理制度对企业R&D投入与其绩效的关系具有显著调节作用。其中，研发管理制度对研发经费投入强度、研发人员投入总量、研发人员投入强度与企业绩效之间的关系具有显著调节作用，但是对研发经费投入总量与企业绩效之间的关系没有显著调节作用。据此，从企业、政府两个层面提出相应的对策建议。     

研发强度、创新速度与上市公司价值关系的实证研究

基于面板门限回归模型，对2010—2016年我国A股上市公司研发强度、创新速度与上市公司价值之间的关系进行深入研究。结果表明：研发强度对上市公司价值的影响具有显著的门限效应，主要体现在创新速度处于不同区间范围，影响程度和方向各不相同。当创新速度处于“慢车道”时，研发强度与上市公司价值显著负相关；当创新速度处于“正常行车道”时，研发强度对上市公司价值的负效应有所减缓；当创新速度处于“快车道”时，研发强度增加能够带来上市公司价值提升。此外，我国上市公司中近六成创新能力不容乐观且行业差异显著，亟待提升创新意识、加大研发投入，通过创新助力上市公司价值提升。     

软件信息业研发投入、研发费用加计扣除与企业绩效实证研发

选取上海、深圳证券市场软件信息业171家高新技术企业2012-2015年的相关数据,针对研发投入、研发费用加计扣除与企业绩效三者间的关系进行研究。结果表明,研发费用加计扣除与研发投入和企业绩效显著正相关,加计扣除政策实施效果较好,政府应给予企业更多的加计扣除优惠;根据面板数据模型估计结果,研发投入与企业绩效存在非线性关系,研发投入对当期绩效的抑制作用不明显,对滞后一期绩效有显著抑制作用,对滞后两期绩效正向作用不明显。研发投入经济效益回收存在一定的滞后性,根据分位数回归结果,处于50%分位点的企业研发投入对企业绩效的正向作用最大;分组回归结果显示,研发费用加计扣除优惠对研发投入与企业绩效的关系具有正向调节作用。     

家电上市公司研发投入对经营绩效的影响研究——基于股权集中度的调节作用

文章以家电上市公司2017—2021年的面板数据作为研究样本,采用多元回归分析的方法,在研究家电企业研发投入对经营绩效的影响的同时,引入调节变量“股权集中度”,探讨其对研发投入与经营绩效的关系是否存在调节作用。研究结果显示：家电企业研发投入对经营绩效的影响存在滞后性,当期研发投入与经营绩效不存在显著相关关系,而滞后一期的研发投入与经营绩效之间存在显著的正相关关系。此外,研发投入的经济效应会受到股权集中度的影响,股权集中度对研发投入和经营绩效的关系存在显著的正向调节作用,并且只有当股权集中度超过一定值时,研发投入才能对经营绩效产生显著的促进作用。     

研发投入对我国制造类企业绩效影响研究

以2009-2012年我国制造业上市公司为样本,考察研发投入对制造类企业绩效的影响。实证结果发现,研发投入与制造类企业当期绩效之间呈显著正相关关系,其中研发资金对当期绩效的贡献程度明显大于研发人员贡献程度;此外,研发资金投入对制造类企业绩效的正相关影响存在滞后性,滞后期为两年且影响程度在滞后一期达到最大值;最后,从增加长期性资本投入、加强基础性研发及整合科研人力资源等方面提出了政策建议。     

技术创新能力生命周期与研发投入对企业绩效的影响

研发投入与企业绩效的关系一直备受国内外学者关注,但对该问题的研究并未得出一致结论。技术创新能力是高新技术企业内部能力的基础,不同技术创新能力水平下研发投入对企业绩效的影响存在显著差异。通过分析78家高科技上市公司2007-2013年面板数据,建立回归方程模型,探讨了在不同企业技术创新阶段研发投入与绩效的关系。实证研究表明,在成长期与成熟期,研发投入与绩效呈正向关系。其中,在成长期,该正向关系最显著;进入衰退期,二者之间不存在统计意义上的相关性。     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。