旅游法实施后对旅行社的影响

改为2013年10月1日起，《中华人民共和国新旅游法》正式实施，对旅行社和旅游者都产生了非常重要的影响。论文从旅行社的层面，具体分析了《旅游法》对旅行社产生的影响，并提出了通过重新定位、转型产品、改变经营策略等对策。     

境外在线旅游研究新进展

在线旅游已经逐渐演化成为旅游行业的显话题.国内外已有综述研究是把信息、通讯技术与旅游剥离,侧重分析技术对旅游业的影响,而文章把在线旅游作为一个独立的旅游行业分支进行综述.文章利用Web of Science和百度学术检索对近10年关于在线旅游的研究文献进行整理,从文献概况、研究内容进行了综述,将研究内容分为旅游者在线行为研究、在线旅游社区研究、在线旅行社研究、在线旅游分销研究等4个方面.在此基础上,文章提出该领域未来还应从在线旅游消费者行为、在线旅行社服务质量、在线旅游业态竞合关系、在线旅游分销渠道与供应商的关系等方面进一步研究.     

古村落旅游客源市场分析与行为模式研究

本文重点研究了古村落旅游吸引力、旅游客源的特点，以及客源地与旅游地之间的关联度，为古村落旅游客源市场的定位与开发提供了依据。并通过对旅游者行为模式的研究，揭示了相同条件下，不同旅游者的行为特点，为古村落旅游产品设计开发提供借鉴。     

我国自驾车旅游者行为研究——以华北地区为例

自驾车旅游以自由、自主、自助的突出特点被旅游者广泛接受和喜爱,是我国近几年快速发展的专项旅游.本文以华北地区自驾车旅游者为主要研究对象,用历时一年多的时间对大量自驾车旅游者进行了旅游行为问卷调查和访谈记录,获得千余份有效问卷,在此基础上开展了自驾车旅游者的行为研究,对自驾车旅游者的旅游动机、决策影响因素、消费行为等作了深入分析,并对自驾车旅游者的行为特征进行了总结.     

省市旅游质监所联合工商部门、新闻单位打击非法旅游办事机构

近段时期以来，外省旅行社为了争取更多旅游客源，派出工作人员来我省设立办事机构开展旅游业务，严重地扰乱了当地旅游市场，侵害了所在地旅行社合法权益，致使旅游服务质量无法保证，为了规范旅游市场秩序，打击非法设立的旅游办事机构，维护旅游者合法权益，省旅游质监所组织开展了联合执法行动。     

乡村旅游选择行为的年龄分异研究

随着旅游细分市场研究的深入,针对不同年龄段旅游者旅游行为的研究也日益重要.本文利用浙江省乡村旅游游客抽样调查资料,运用多元统计分析中的因子分析方法,找出不同年龄段游客选择行为影响因素的公共因子,并对公共因子进行界定、计算因子得分,揭示出不同年龄段旅游者的旅游选择行为的特征.     

老年旅游者的出游行为决策研究--以江西省老年旅游市场为例

老年旅游市场是一个具有极大潜力的市场，其开发具有重要的社会意义。文章采用2000年7月江西省旅游市场调查的数据，逐一对老年旅游者的客源地结构与特征、人口学特征(性别、年龄、职业、月收入、文化)、行为决策(旅游目的、信息来源、出游喜好、旅游方式)等进行了分析，从而得出了老年旅游者出游行为的一般规律。     

成都市旅行社开发完善退休老年人旅游产品的思考

以2010年3-5月对成都市退休老年人做的有效调查问卷一手资料为依据,通过时成都市退休老年人的人口学特征(性别、年龄、职业、月收入等)、旅游行为特征(旅游动机、结伴旅游对象、获得旅游信息途径、最多出游天数等)、出游的阻碍因素等进行分析,最终得出成都市退休老年人旅游行为的特征.基于SWOT分析法,通过对成都相关旅行社的调查,针对成都旅行社开发老年人旅游产品现状,结合成都退休老年人旅游行为特征为旅行社提出一些针对性建议及完善措施,发掘出成都市退休老年人旅游的发展潜力.     

归因偏差视角下旅游行为失范成因研究

游客旅游行为失范时有发生,威胁着旅游资源与环境安全。心理归因影响个体行为逻辑,归因偏差是解释心理归因的经典理论。本文引入归因偏差理论,采用实证方法探究旅游行为失范背后的归因偏差因素,为减少旅游行为失范提供心理学依据。研究发现,归因偏差能够引致旅游者心理认知偏差,后者直接引发和助推旅游行为失范。心理环境和群体心理对引致旅游者的心理认知偏差和行为失范具有显著作用,归因偏差成为旅游者弱化旅游行为失范结果的心理屏障,可激发或促进旅游行为失范的发生或持续。研究认为旅游地可从完善硬件监控、控制游客流量、强化失范行为负面教育、发挥在场监督作用等方式削弱归因偏差效应。     

山地旅游者人格特质如何影响环境负责任行为——以地方依恋与解说满意度为中介变量

旅游者环境负责任行为是可持续旅游目的地管理的重要议题。本文以武夷山国家公园为案例地,尝试将地方依恋和解说满意度作为中介变量,通过对旅游者的问卷调查,分析山地旅游者人格特质对环境负责任行为的影响机制。结果表明：（1）人格特质对环境负责任行为的影响存在3条路径,分别是直接影响、通过地方依恋间接影响和通过地方依恋和解说满意度的链式中介作用影响;（2）旅游体验具身理论视角下,人格特质、地方依恋、解说满意度分别通过身心主体性、情境连接性和感知深度性作用于旅游者环境负责任行为。本研究揭示了山地旅游者人格特质对环境负责任行为的驱动机制,丰富了旅游体验具身理论在环境负责任行为生成机制方面的应用,对山地旅游可持续发展具有一定的启示意义。     

感知购物环境对旅游者购物行为的影响机制研究——旅游者购物情绪的媒介作用

在相关研究的基础上,本文运用结构方程建模方法建立了感知购物环境对旅游者购物行为的全影响和间接影响模型,通过对两个模型的对比分析,发现了感知购物环境影响旅游者购物行为的路径机制,即感知购物环境对旅游者购物行为的影响是通过改变旅游者的购物情绪而实现的,旅游者购物情绪在环境→情绪→行为这一路径中起到非常重要的媒介作用。最后,本文提出了管理建议。     

The Effect of Cultural Distance on Tourism: A Study of International Visitors to Hong Kong

This study focuses on the impact of cultural distance on the behavior of international pleasure tourists who visited Hong Kong. It analyzes data drawn from the Hong Kong Tourism Board's Visitor Profile Report, and tests whether cultural distance has a similar impact on behavior as noted in previous studies examining physical distance. The study concludes that cultural distance exerts a modest impact on such attributes as demand, travel party composition, trip profile, behaviors, expenditure and satisfaction.     

Moderating effect of work–family conflict on the relationship between leader–member exchange and relative deprivation: Links to behavioral outcomes

This study intends to explore the moderator of work–family conflict on the relationship between leader–member exchange and relative deprivation, and simultaneously examine the impact of relative deprivation on employees' behavior (including effort behavior and service sabotage). Questionnaire survey was conducted in 14 international tourist hotels in Taipei. Of the returned sample, 379 questionnaires are effective. The result indicates that high quality leader–member exchange relationship has negative impact on employees' relative deprivation. Also, relative deprivation has significant impact on effort behavior, and service sabotage. Furthermore, work–family conflict is found to have moderating effect on the relationship between leader–member exchange and relative deprivation. This study fills the research gap in the hospitality literature regarding the effect of work–family conflict on the relationships among leader–member exchange, employees' relative deprivation, and work behaviors. It also sheds the light on work–family conflict literature by extending leader–member exchange theory to leader–employee relationship.     

Feeling left out and losing control: The interactive effect of social exclusion and gender on brand attitude

Social exclusion is pervasive in our daily lives. Prior research has documented the impact of social exclusion on product choices, information processing, prosocial behavior and switching behavior. However, there is limited research on how gender moderates the impact of social exclusion on consumer attitudes towards a company. Drawing from previous research demonstrating gender as a proxy for agentic-communal orientation, we show that the effect of social exclusion on negative emotions and sense of control is more pronounced among females (vs. males). We further demonstrate that negative emotions and sense of control are the underlying mechanisms for the impact of social exclusion among females. Hospitality practitioners may want to minimize instances that might make consumers feel socially excluded, and this is particularly true for female consumers.     

Determinants of sustainable behavior of firms and the consequences for customer satisfaction in hospitality

The literature on determinants of firm sustainable behavior and its effects on firm performance is rich. However, there are still important questions that lack definitive conclusions. One revolves around factors mediating the link between organizational determinants and firm sustainable behavior, which may still be regarded as a black box. Another stresses the impact of sustainable behavior on customer satisfaction. Using a sample of survey data from 974 small and medium-sized German hotels and 62,766 independent reviews, this paper examines the links between innovativeness, managers’ sustainability attitudes and firm sustainable behavior while taking into account perceived advantages of sustainable behavior as a mediator. Furthermore, the relationship between sustainable behavior and customer satisfaction is examined. A model is proposed and tested using structural equation modeling. The results confirm innovativeness and sustainability attitudes as determinants of sustainable behavior and perceived advantage as a mediator. Sustainable behavior shows a positive relation to customer satisfaction.     

饭店员工心理所有权与跨界行为关系研究

一线服务员工因处于组织的边界位置而表现出服务提供、外部代表和内部影响3类跨边界行为,这些行为能够显著提高组织绩效.心理所有权是一种重要的心理状态,以往的研党证实组织心理所有权与员工角色外行为存在积极的关系.然而,跨边界行为不仅包括角色外行为,而且包括角色内行为,并且非常适合于服务组织背景,因此,研究员工组织心理所有权对跨边界行为的影响具有重要的理论和现实意义.文章通过对旅游饭店企业一线服务员工的研究发现,组织心理所有权对外部代表行为和内部影响行为有直接和间接影响,组织心理所有权对服务提供行为有间接影响.这一结论提醒旅游饭店业要培育和提高一线服务员工的组织心理所有权,促使其表现出跨边界行为进而提高组织竞争力.     

The ‘if-then’ rules matter more? The roles of regulatory focus and leader–member exchange

This study aimed to explore the impact of regulatory focus on employees’ effort behavior and social loafing in the context of international tourist hotels. The moderating effect of leader–member exchange on this causal relationship was also examined. Data were analyzed using a regression model of 708 valid responses obtained from frontline employees working in five-star international hotels. The results reveal that regulatory focus is positively related to effort behavior and partially supports social loafing. Leader–member exchange moderates the relationship between promotion focus and effort behavior as well as between prevention focus and effort behavior. These findings provide managerial implications for hotel managers in regard to predicting positive work behavior and minimizing negative behavior in the workplace.     

The exploration of hotel reference prices under dynamic pricing scenarios and different forms of competition

The reference price, used by consumers to evaluate market prices, has tremendous relevance in dynamic pricing. Reconciling current heterogeneous theories and studies on reference prices, this paper analyzes the impact of hotel price sequences on consumers’ reference prices through a lab and a field experiment. Experiment 1 tests the importance of retrospective price evaluations, while Experiment 2 evaluates the impact of three forms of competition: (i) simultaneous behavior, where firms adjust prices simultaneously; (ii) leader–follower behavior, where one firm acts as the leader; and (iii) independent behavior, where each player takes its rival's strategy as given and seeks to maximize its own profits. The results show that consumers decrease their reference price when competing hotels adjust their prices simultaneously. Relevant managerial implications are drawn for the hospitality industry, which is affected by the presence of online travel agencies that announce the daily rates offered by each competitor.