我国跨国公司并购现状分析

近年来,我国在国际市场接连出手,跨国并购多个世界级企业。一方面,增强了我国跨国公司的整体实力,有利于学习外国先进管理经营方法;另一方面,大规模的跨国并购也产生了一系列问题。我们应该认识问题、解决问题,使我国跨国公司更高效的运转,更好地实行走出去战略。     

Executive migration and international mergers and acquisitions

This study applies the microfoundations approach to examine the impact of migrating executives on firms’ selection of host country in their international acquisition decisions. Viewing executive migration as a conduit for inter-organizational learning, this study offers the first empirical findings that a migrating executive’s inter-organizational learning associated with two specific types of international acquisition experience, i.e., general and country-specific, accumulated at a prior affiliated firm positively impacts host country selection in the executive’s current affiliated firm’s acquisition decisions. The findings further suggest that the migrating executive’s prior country-specific international acquisition experience has a greater influence compared with the migrating executive’s prior general international acquisition experience. Last, the findings show that industry similarity between a migrating executive’s prior and current affiliated firms enhances the effect of the migrating executive’s specific host country acquisition experience. In sum, this study contributes by introducing migrating executives as a new learning conduit in international acquisitions.     

Customer reactions to acquirer-dominant mergers and acquisitions

This article investigates consumer reactions to acquirer-dominant mergers and acquisitions (M&As) from the perspective of the (smaller) target brand and explores how marketing actions can mitigate negative effects. The findings from five studies show that consumers tend to react negatively to M&As by devaluing the acquirer brand, increasing their intention to switch, and adjusting their attitudes toward the target brand upward. We suggest that psychological reactance is a mediator of the negative effects of merger information on customers' attitudes and switching intentions. We also demonstrate that brand managers can attenuate reactance by involving consumers in merger decisions, thus providing important managerial implications for M&A decisions and processes.     

Learning by doing: Cross-border mergers and acquisitions

We rely on organizational learning theory and strategic momentum research to examine the international merger and acquisition (M&A) activities of a sample of S&P 500 firms. We hypothesize that the learning associated with a firm's prior acquisition experience increases the likelihood the firm will engage in subsequent international acquisitions. Results from a sample including company-country level data indicate that both prior domestic acquisitions and international acquisitions influence the likelihood of acquisitions in foreign markets by U.S.-based firms. We also find that prior experience with international acquisitions is more predictive of subsequent international acquisitions than prior domestic acquisition experience. Moreover, we find that the acquisition experience within a host country had a stronger influence on subsequent acquisitions within that country than other prior non-host country international acquisition experiences.     

跨国并购浪潮中的风险防范

近日,新闻集团宣布以50亿美元的价格收购道琼斯公司,这一收购案如果最终成功,道琼斯公司拥有的《华尔街日报》、道琼斯通讯社等商业和财经领域的     

Trade liberalization and industrial restructuring through mergers and acquisitions

This paper analyzes mergers and acquisitions (M&As) as a channel of industrial restructuring after trade liberalization. Using the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) of 1989 as a source of exogenous variation in trade barriers, I show that trade liberalization increased domestic Canadian M&A activity (Canadian firms buying other Canadian firms) by over 70%. There is no robust link between tariff reductions and either domestic U.S. or cross-border M&As. I also provide evidence that domestic M&As transferred resources from less to more productive firms and that the magnitude of the overall transfer was quantitatively important.     

Domestic mergers and acquisitions in BRICS countries: Acquirers and targets

We study the firm value determinants for domestic acquisitions within BRICS countries considering both acquirer and target shareholders. Targets earn significant positive announcement returns of 1.45% on average. Acquirers lose slightly. We employ a comprehensive set of explanatory variables and test for cross-sectional return drivers. Target returns are negatively related to pre-announcement returns and firm size, while they are positively related to GDP growth. Our results are consistent with insider trading capturing some of the target excess returns, which are highest for small targets based in countries with high recent GPD growth.     

中国企业跨国并购中的文化整合策略研究

文化整合对企业跨国并购的成败及发展有着重要的影响.本文结合中国企业跨国并购的情况分析了跨国并购中存在的文化整合问题,并在此基础上总结了中国企业在跨国并购中应采取的文化整合策略.     

New trends in mergers and acquisitions: Idiosyncrasies of the European market

While policy makers link the recent increase of M&A activity in Europe to the benefits of European legislation and European institutions to create a fertile ground for acquisitions in Europe, others deny the benefit of regional integration. This study evaluates the characteristics and the key determinants of the likelihood of completion of M&As in the European Union between 1997 and 2007. The results of this study suggest that M&As in Europe feature unique characteristics, while still suffering from country-specific challenges. In Europe the deal attitude and the presence of competing bids are more important for the completion of a deal than the deal origin, the payment method, or industry regulation. The reported idiosyncrasies of M&A in Europe seem to arise not merely from European regulations about acquisitions, but mostly from the structural characteristics of the European business environment.     

The role of information technology systems in the performance of mergers and acquisitions

Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are an important tool for improving a firm's competitive positioning and performance. Despite M&As’ promise, however, they often fail to meet performance goals. Challenges often arise when managers try to integrate two companies’ information technology (IT) systems, and the difficulties encountered often create both short- and long-term performance problems for companies. To help address these challenges, we highlight important issues that managers involved in M&As must consider. We also present some best practices that managers should follow to improve the odds of successful IT integration.     

Antecedents of growth through mergers and acquisitions: Empirical results from Belgium

This paper empirically investigates the antecedents of growth through mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in a typical continental European country, Belgium. The article reports on a study using data on 484 private and listed bidders engaging in 990 M&As during 1997-2007, and matches this sample with companies that did not pursue any external growth. By analyzing firm characteristics, industry, and aggregate financial market variables, the study can also discern the motives that are important in the decision to acquire. The results show that neither the firm's cash position nor its cash-generating abilities influence its choice to grow externally. Yet, intangible assets affect the M&A decision positively, whereas ownership concentration and bank loans have a negative effect. In industries where incumbents are operating at a lower scale and in more highly concentrated industries, the odds of firms participating in M&As are larger. Industry deregulation, industry growth, and financial market conditions have no influence. These findings are largely comparable across listed and private firms. Yet, the data do reveal that the operating scale of industry incumbents and industry concentration matter only in horizontal and domestic takeover decisions.     

中国企业参与国际并购活动深度变革的思考

国际并购是近年来中国企业较为热衷于探索的一种国际化经营方式,不但可以实现企业资源优化配置,更有利于提升企业核心竞争力.本文就对中国企业参与国际并购活动进行了思考,同时提出了具体的深度发展思路,以此提高中国企业参与跨国资本并购活动水平.     

Evaluating horizontal mergers in the presence of price promotions

Quantitative Marketing and Economics - In this paper, I investigate the impact of a horizontal merger between firms that use price promotions. I find that after the merger, the merged firms...     

Partial Utilitarianism as a suggested ethical framework for evaluating corporate mergers and acquisitions

Prior literature on ethical concerns in mergers and acquisitions (M&As) has often concluded that many stakeholders, such as workers and communities, have unjustly suffered as a result of takeovers and associated defences and that their rights as stakeholders have been violated. However, very few papers provide any guidance on how to evaluate a merger or acquisition from an ethical standpoint. This study looks at how ethical frameworks could be used to assess the ethical impact of a merger or acquisition and gives practical guidance. It is proposed that decision makers should consider the impact on four stakeholder groups: shareholders, employees, customers and directors. We call the proposed method for doing this Partial Utilitarian analysis. We suggest two possible ways of applying the Partial Utilitarian analysis. One approach could rely on the evidence from a sample of recent deals. For this, empirical analysis is conducted on a sample of large M&As in the United Kingdom in the period 1993–2003. Alternatively, a better approach, requiring considerable management time, requires forecasting of the economic impact on the four groups of stakeholders. The paper shows how to do this.     

Evaluating guilt arousing marketing communications

An empirical investigation was conducted to evaluate the impact of guilt arousing marketing communications. The results indicated that guilt as a distinct emotion can be aroused to the extent of changing message specific attitudes. However, it was not possible to change either global attitudes or behavioral intentions. One reason for the failure of guilt arousing marketing communications to affect global attitudes and behavioral intentions may be due to counterarguing on the part of message recipients.     

基于中国视角的跨国并购现状与风险分析

公司并购是一种有效的经济增长机制和一种产业经济结构调整的机制。但众所周知,并购有风险。国内外企业的并购不乏成功案例,更不缺失败的例子。2005年联想正式宣布完成收购IBM全球PC业务,进过了一系列的融合,现今已经成为了一个极具代表性的成功跨国并购案例。而失败的案例也是不甚枚举,2004年10月,上海汽车斥资5900亿韩元(当时折合约5亿美元)收购双龙汽车48.92%股权(后增持至51.3%)。但四年后,韩国双龙进入回生程序,上海汽车正式退出双龙汽车的经营管理。上汽为此付出了惨痛的代价。因此,在现今中国企业积极走出去的大背景下,对跨国并购的风险进行一定的分析显得具有一定的现实意义。本文通过对我国企业跨国并购的现状与风险进行分析,并通过分析提出一些跨国收购的风险管理的建议。     

Picking cherries or lemons: A unified theory of cross‐border mergers and acquisitions

This article provides a theoretical framework that enhances understanding of empirical evidence suggesting that international mergers and acquisitions, a key source of foreign direct investment, seemingly target in‐country firms that are at the extremes of the productivity spectrum—either high‐productivity firms, so‐called cherries, or low‐productivity firms, the “lemons.” The framework demonstrates that foreign firms with intermediate inputs seek high‐productivity domestic firms, while foreign firms with managerial expertise seek low‐productivity domestic firms. We also show that because of the difference in available outside options, high‐productivity domestic firms can demand a significantly higher portion of profits in the partnership than low‐productivity domestic firms.     

Explaining the trends in the UK cross-border mergers & acquisitions: An analysis of macro-economic factors

Most of the growth in international production over the past decades has been via cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CBM&As). Yet prior studies examining the trajectory of cross-border M&A activities as an entry mode of FDI have focused on industry and firm level factors. Dunning (2009) emphasised the importance of macroeconomic variables which may explain foreign direct investment and called for more research to improve our understanding on the effects of macroeconomic variables. Building on prior studies, this study attempts to investigate the role of macroeconomic influences on CBM&As activities in the UK over the 1987–2006 period. This study finds that GDP, exchange rate, interest rate and share prices have significant impact on the level of outward UK CBM&As. On the other hand, GDP, money supply and share price have statistically significant impact on the UK CBM&As inflows.