税务会计——税务与会计的博弈

税务会计(Tax Accounting)是随着市场经济的建立而逐渐从财务会计中分离出来的一种专业会计。作为现代会计学科的三大独立分支之一，税务会计在西方国家已得到普遍承认，并已独立发展成一套完整的体系。日本出版的《新编会计学大辞典》中对“会计学”作了如下表述：“根据企业会计所属会计领域的不同，会计学科大致分为下列三个部分：财务会计学(对外报告会计)、管理会计学和税务会计学。”     

对我国税务会计学的一点思考

税务会计学作为一门学科,在我国经历的时间不长,但是研究者却越来越多。笔者也想就我国税务会计学谈点管见,与同行们商榷。目前,对税务会计学的概念有不同的表述,但内容都大同小异。一般的表述为:税务会计是以税收法令为准绳,以货币计量为基本形式,运用会计学的理论和核算方法,连续、系统、全面地对税款的形成、计算和缴纳,即税务活动引起的资金运动进行核算和监督的一门专业会计。从这一定义看,税务会计是对各个税种的计算和会计处理,把原来在财务会计中有关税款的核算都划归税务会计。笔者认为,我国财务会计以企业会计准则为指导,其核算只…     

西方人力资源会计理论考略——兼谈对我国会计学发展的启示

人力资源会计是本世纪50年代兴起的一门会计学科。研究西方人力资源会计，对发展我国会计理论，定会有积极意义。     

企业税务会计独立设置的思考

我国目前沿用的财务会计与税务会计合一的制度已不适应当前经济发展的需要，提供的财务、税务信息也不符合当前市场经济体制下经济主体多元化的现状。税务会计的独立是微观经济主体与税务行政机关重复博弈的结果，其成为一门独立的与财务会计交叉的专业会计学科是大势所趋，从其与财务会计的内在差异产生的内生性需求和经济发展的外生性驱动两个方面论证税务会计独立的成因。     

浅析电子商务对现行税务会计的影响

自二十世纪九十年代以来,电子商务的迅猛发展为税收的增长提供了广阔的空间和可能,同时也对现行税务会计提出了挑战。税务会计是运用会计学的基本原理和统筹学等基本方法,对纳税主体应税主体的应税资金进行全面系统的反映、监督,确保税金及时足额入库。本文试图从理论与管理的角度探讨电子商务对现行税务会计的影响及冲击,从而完善现行税务会计的管理。     

浅析会计和税务要素确认的差异

会计人员一方面需要根据我国企业会计制度做账,另一方面需要按照税收法规的要求计算税款,由于我国目前的会计制度和税法存在一些差异,所以会计人员必须了解会计和税收要素确认的差异,才能真实准确地按照企业实际财务状况来缴纳税款。     

Interaction between tax and accounting practice: Accounting for stock-in-trade

This paper studies the issue of interaction between tax and accounting practice through an examination of the process followed by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW) when formulating Recommendation on Accounting Principles (RoAP) No. 22 as a replacement for RoAP No. 10. We show that the ICAEW had a clear intention of persuading the Board of Inland Revenue of the legitimacy of replacement cost as a basis of stock valuation, and that the preparation and publication of RoAP 22 succeeded, to a significant extent, in achieving that outcome. We also reveal that RoAP 22 appears to have affected the way in which some companies valued their stock and how their bases of stock valuation were disclosed in corporate published accounts.     

American law schools: Implications for accounting education

Given the similarities of the practices of law and accounting, it seems natural to consider restructuring accounting education along the lines of the law school model. The similarities, coupled with the lengthy history of legal education, suggest the importance of inquiring into whether the law school experience offers any lessons for enhancing the quality of accounting education. The results of such an inquiry are the subject of this report.     

企业改组中资产评估结果的涉税处理与会计核算

资产评估的升值要依据性质区别对待,属资本性资产发生资本利得的应该交纳相应的增值税及企业所得税。至于是否根据评估结果进行调账,应取决于会计主体是否发生了变化与其他因素。     

Taxation of foreign multinationals: A sequential bargaining approach to tax holidays

Tax holidays for foreign multinational firms are tax concessions or straight subsidies granted for a limited period after entry. Such phenomena occur widely. We apply a sequential bargaining framework to a problem of ex post bilateral monopoly characterized by the presence of a host-country government and a foreign multinational firm. We show formally how a tax holiday can arise due to irreversible outlays and outside options.     

股权投资的会计成本与计税成本差异

财政部颁布的《企业会计准则--投资》及相关指南,对企业投资业务的会计核算作了具体规定.国家税务总局也颁布了《企业所得税税前扣除办法》及《关于企业股权投资业务若干所得税问题的通知》(以下简称"《股权投资通知》"),对企业股权投资中涉及所得税问题作了明确规定.     

基金管理公司财税会计政策调查

当前,我国基金业发展迅猛,基金规模已超过4200亿元,对国民经济的影响与日俱增,但与之相配套的政策措施的出台却相对滞后。从财税、会计政策方面看,主要问题是制度创新迟缓,对各种金融创新工具的核算缺乏统一规范,由此导致会计信息失真、税收流失等现象,并易滋生各种形式的腐败。调整、完善基金管理公司相关财税、会计政策已迫在眉睫。本文通过对基金行业的深入调查,总结了当前基金业发展中财税政策、会计核算方面存在的突出问题,并对以上问题分别从现状、存在问题、影响以及改革方案比较等方面展开分析。     

The impact of tax law uncertainty on the development of the Sarbanes-Oxley auditor independence rules with regard to tax shelters

The paper examines the impact of tax rule uncertainty on the development of the Sarbanes-Oxley auditor independence rules. We show that the inability of Congress to articulate a concise and agreed-upon tax shelter definition forced the SEC to adopt their own definition that incorporates two characteristics common to most tax shelters: contingent fee arrangements and confidentiality. We also consider whether this definition eliminates the subjectivity in the tax shelter identification process because it reinstates the significant purpose standard (used for tax enforcement purposes) to assist auditors (and their public company clients) identify tax shelter transactions. We conclude that the new definition has reduced the incentive of auditors to provide tax related services to their public company clients.     

试论我国扩张性财政政策与货币政策的协调配合

从１９９８年下半年以来,我国政府实施扩张性财政和货币政策以推动经济的增长。就目前经济运行状况而言,这些政策的实施虽然在一定程度上起到刺激经济增长的作用,但依然没有从根本上解决我国经济中存在的通货紧缩、有效需求不足及经济增长乏力等问题,还需要我们进一步地探讨和研究。     

State contract law and the use of accounting information in debt contracts

Review of Accounting Studies - This paper examines the relation between state contract law and the use of accounting information in debt contracts. Contract theory suggests that balance sheet based...     

Tax education in the UK: a survey of tax courses in undergraduate accounting degrees

This paper presents the results of a postal survey designed to examine the teaching of taxation in UK universities. The project looks at taxation in undergraduate accounting degree programmes and adopts an objective centred focus. The principal aim of the survey was to examine the relationships between some characteristics of individual tax courses, including the course objectives and coverage, staffing, teaching and assessment methods, in an attempt to draw some conclusions on the nature of tax education in UK accounting degrees. The results of the survey and consequent analysis may provide taxation and accounting educators, professional bodies and researchers into accounting education with an insight into approaches to, and methods used in, taxation teaching. It may also present a framework for comparative international research in tax education.