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1.
This article examines how the context out of which the PFI emerged has conditioned its implementation. Attention is directed, in particular, towards how public expenditure is scored for the purposes of the national accounts and for public expenditure planning. The Treasury's decision to substitute accruals for cash accounting across central government has significant implications for the accounting treatment of PFI assets. Certain important distinctions are analysed, notably that between assets which generate revenue streams from third-party payers and those which do not. The authors conclude that disclosure practices must give primacy to transparency about future obligations, over claims to commercial confidentiality.  相似文献   

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3.
This paper analyses the UK's Private Finance Initiative (PFI) at a conceptual level by focusing on the management of risk, which is central to the justification for the policy and its application across the public services, and uncertainty, which underlies the role of the state. The paper argues that the rhetorical support for PFI rests on a conflation of risk and uncertainty and that PFI leads to contractual arrangements that are inappropriate for the provision of public services over the medium term.  相似文献   

4.
This paper examines the operation of the UK government's Private Finance Initiative (PFI) from the viewpoint of accounting in the National Health Service. It explores how the entity concept may be used to remove representation of the economic consequences of such schemes from public accounting reports. Illustrations are provided from the accounts of hospital NHS Trusts, with their high-value and politically sensitive capital projects. The paper provides contemporary evidence of the financial reporting of PFI schemes and the contradictions between the form and substance of these transactions.  相似文献   

5.
金融危机中,金融领域的丑闻,尤其是金融衍生品的亏损,导致富豪们对私人银行的信任大打折扣,本文深入剖析了信任理论的经济理论基础——风险、不确定性和信息不对称,构造了基于顾客参与的顾客信任指数模型(CA-TCSB),并将此理论在中国私人银行的现实状况给出分析。  相似文献   

6.
Current Wealth,Housing Purchase,and Private Housing Loan Demand in Japan   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Japanese households accumulate wealth for down payments at a high rate. Therefore, current wealth plays an important role in home acquisition as well as public loans whose direct mortgage lending is a strong support for home purchasers. We estimate the wealth effect on private mortgage debt as well as housing consumption by applying a model where mortgage-debt demand is derived from house-purchase decisions and is determined jointly with housing consumption. We use a simultaneous equation Tobit estimation method. Wealth effects on private mortgage debt, likelihood of borrowing, and housing consumption are not elastic. On the other hand, a change in housing consumption affects the likelihood of borrowing elastically much more than the private mortgage amount of borrowers. Housing and private mortgage markets fluctuate very closely with the number of participants in the mortgage market. Therefore, the number of housing starts is linked strongly to the private mortgage market.  相似文献   

7.
In this article, we focus on the effect of household borrowing behavior on housing prices in China, under the background of rapid growth of consumer finance during the past decade. We build a micromodel to deduce the relationship between consumers’ leverage, housing enterprises’ leverage, and housing prices and use a dynamic panel model and panel error correction model to do the empirical work. The results show that the first- and second-tier cities of China are greatly influenced by leverages, the second-tier cities also by local growth, and the third-tier cities are weakly affected by leverages but greatly affected by the land prices. Further explanations and discussions of the empirical results are given accordingly.  相似文献   

8.
孙述龙  李萌 《银行家》2012,(10):90-92
正费孝通在《乡土中国》中指出:乡土社会中农户"以‘己'为中心,像石子一般投入水中,和别人建立的社会关系…像水的波纹一般,一圈圈推出去,愈推愈远,也愈推愈薄…""从生育和婚姻结成的网络,可以一直推出去包括无穷的人…"。福山在《信任:社会美德与经济繁荣》一书中将这种信任结构定义为"信任半径"。农村社区对信任半径内的"自己人"与"外人"有着截然不同的态度。农户对信任半径内的"自己人"有着极为高昂的背德成本,而对于信任半径外的"外人",其背德成本则相对较低。正规金融机构难以适应农村金融市场的这种信任环  相似文献   

9.
Home purchase is financed through equity and debt. Housing finance arrangements require initial downpayments and impose monthly repayments. Similar to many countries, Japanese households accumulate savings out of their current income and receive private transfers from parents or relatives. From the survey conducted by the Ministry of Land, Transportation and Infrastructure from 1992 to 2000, the paper analyses the time spell until built-for sale homebuyers have amassed sufficient equity to meet the downpayment requirement. For the first-time buyers, private aid in form of cash was the dominant component of equity besides own savings. The innovative feature of our paper is to categorize the households into four classes of positive versus negative excess savings and positive versus negative excess “luck” as other equity sources including private transfers get termed here. For each category we estimate the duration of the accumulation process, and perform a sensitivity analysis that compares the spells under varying amounts of GHLC-loans with other types of mortgages. Since GHLC-loans are means-tested, they can effectively counteract the regressive effects arising from income; but as we will show they cannot really speed up the access in favour of the poorer strata. This finding sheds light on a growing wealth disparity that causes self-selection in ownership access.  相似文献   

10.
Abstract:  This study examines whether the choice between quarterly and semiannual reporting affects the precision of investors' information and their private information acquisition activities. In the first part of this study, we show that a firm's reporting frequency has no effect on the average precision of investors' information. However, our analysis of announcement-period price variance and share turnover shows that an increase in reporting frequency does make interim and annual financial reports a more important component of investors' information set, relative to other sources of information. In particular, the results of this analysis suggest that investors of semiannual reporters hold more precise pre-announcement information than investors of quarterly reporters. In the second part of our study, we test one explanation for this finding. We argue that an increase in a firm's reporting frequency reduces investors' incentives to acquire private information between consecutive announcement dates and, consequently, should reduce information asymmetry among investors, increase share liquidity, and stimulate trading. Consistent with this reasoning, we find that quarterly reporters have lower average bid-ask spreads and higher abnormal share turnover than semiannual reporters.  相似文献   

11.
从国际上看,凡是成功解决住宅问题的国家,基本上都借助于住宅金融的发展。我国住宅金融是伴随着城镇住房制度改革和金融体制改革的进程发展起来的,经过十几年的发展,已经取得了较大的成就。但从总体来看,我国住宅金融的发展速度相当缓慢,发展水平较低,与发达国家甚至部分发展中国家相比显得较为落后,无法为解决住宅问题和发展住宅产业提代完善的金融支持。本文就当前我国住宅金融发展过程中存在的主要问题作了较为深刻的分析。  相似文献   

12.
刘俊杰 《新金融》2001,(3):8-10
我国为恢复在关贸总协定中原始缔约国地位及申请加入世界贸易组织付出了艰苦的努力,最近几年条件日益成熟.有人认为,入世将对我国相对落后的住房金融形成巨大的冲击,房地产金融业要"与狼共舞".但笔者认为,入世对我国经济结构调整将产生深远的积极影响,对于刚刚起步的住房金融而言,是一次快速发展的难得机遇.  相似文献   

13.
The article explains the origins of the Private Finance Initiative (PFI) and the way the policy has evolved under the present Labour administration into Public Private Partnership (PPP). The author gives an assessment of the future prospects for the PFI/PPP in the transport sector. He believes that PPPs can make a considerable contribution towards efficient transport service delivery and this will be maximized if there is a better understanding of what the policies are seeking to achieve. Much of the action in the immediate future in transport PPPs will be with the local authorities, including the new Greater London Authority.  相似文献   

14.
社会信任作为一种非正式制度对经济活动具有重要影响.本文以2007-2013年中国A股上市公司为样本,考察社会信任对企业多层股权结构的影响,并进一步探讨其作用机制.研究发现:社会信任度高的地区,企业更倾向于设置较少的股权层级.进一步考察其作用机制发现:一方面,企业股权结构层级随着地区社会信任程度的提高而减少的这一现象会在法制环境较差的地区更加明显;另一方面,社会信任对股权层级在债务融资成本与信用融资两条路径上存在部分中介效应.  相似文献   

15.
住房抵押贷款证券化在国外已有几十年的历史,而我国因商业银行对其缺乏积极性而进展缓慢。住房抵押贷款证券化在其运行过程中,面临着风险控制、法律规制和税收等诸多方面的问题。我国现行的信托法律制度,对采取信托模式实行住房抵押贷款证券化提供了法律上的可行性,但也存在着立法上的障碍和空白。只有在“信托财产双重所有权”理论的指导下,制定《信托特别法》以及规范信托受益权证的流通市场,才能真正促进我国住房抵押贷款证券化的顺利发展。  相似文献   

16.
我国民间金融发展中存在的问题及对策建议   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
民间金融是指个人、家庭、企业之间通过绕开官方正式的金融体系而直接进行的、尚未纳入政府监管范围的、未取得合法地位的金融交易活动。民间金融在支持民营经济发展,促进农村经济发展中发挥了积极作用,但在其发展过程中还存在着一些问题。本文分析了我国民间金融存在的问题,并提出了对策建议。  相似文献   

17.
住房金融模式的国际经验与中国选择   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
住宅产业的发展离不开金融业的支持与配合,我国目前还没有一个发达而且在一定程度上相当专业的住房金融模式和体系。本文首先比较和评价国际典型的住房金融模式,然后基于当前的国情现状,指出中国应该多元化发展合同储蓄型、强制储蓄型和资本市场型三种住房金融模式。  相似文献   

18.
国外公共住房金融政策概述及对我国的启示   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
针对中低收入家庭与住房市场价格的巨大差距之间的问题,各国均采取了解决中低收入家庭住房问题的公共住房政策。本文介绍了美、德、新和俄各国公共住房金融政策的特点,并对其效果做出简单的评价,在此基础上阐述对我国公共住房金融政策的启示。  相似文献   

19.
During the 2008–2009 financial crisis, firms with high social capital, as measured by corporate social responsibility (CSR) intensity, had stock returns that were four to seven percentage points higher than firms with low social capital. High‐CSR firms also experienced higher profitability, growth, and sales per employee relative to low‐CSR firms, and they raised more debt. This evidence suggests that the trust between a firm and both its stakeholders and investors, built through investments in social capital, pays off when the overall level of trust in corporations and markets suffers a negative shock.  相似文献   

20.
美国政府如何助力中低收入者住房金融   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
高爱芳 《银行家》2006,(6):106-107
在任何一个国家的任何发展阶段,中低收入者都不可能是一个单靠其自身收人可支付满足其基本消费水平的群体,住房消费也不例外。在福利制度日益完善的发达国家,中低收入者之满足其基本消费水平的可支付缺口,主要由政府财政补贴,并辅之以其他平衡诸利益关系的手段。如在满足中低收入住房金融需求的问题上,美国政府一方面通过财政补贴和政府担保的途径,支持中低收入群体的可偿付能力另  相似文献   

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