SUMMARY

n the golden autumn of October,2001, the firstAPEC meeting in the new century was held inPudong, Shanghai. At this grand gathering ofIspecial significance, leaders of APEC economiesjointly adopted the Declaration of Leaders, Shang-hai Consensus and other important documents，reaf-firming their commitments to the world on a numberof issues, including the expansion of the futuredevelopment prospects of APEC, the strategy forrealizing Bogor Objectives and efforts to strengtheneconomic an…     

China＇s ApprOach to Rebalancing： A Conceptual and Policy Framework

This article seeks to develop a conceptual and policy framework for understanding China’s role in the global economic imbalances.China’s contribution to these imbalances via recurrent trade and financial surpluses corresponds with a phase of deepening structural risks to China s economic growth and development.These structural challenges include:the composition of growth resulting from China’s dynamic internal transformation,China’s trade orientation,the trajectory of resource use and Commissions,welfare problems relating to distribution and international constraints.This article develops a conceptual framework for examining the relationship between the processes of long-run structural transformation in China,its economic imbalances,and the role of institutional reform in dealing with these structural challenges.As such,economic policy should extend beyond short-term macro management to pursue an institutional reform agenda to facilitate broader structural change to mitigate constraints to future growth and to improve economic welfare.     

Migration Experience of Village Leaders and Local Economic Development： Evidence from Rural China

This paper examines the impact of migration experience of village leaders on local economic development,based on the village-level data of the 2005 China General Social Survey.Our results show that the human capital of village leaders accumulated during the migration period has had a positive effect on per capita net income and per capita non-agricultural income in rural China.The migration experience of village leaders also plays a positive role in entrepreneurial activities in rural regions.From a policy perspective,these findings call attention to the importance of harnessing potential benefits of return migration to local economic development in rural China.     

PUDONG DEVELOPMENT SUMMARY

Local leaders unveiled the plate for thegovernment organs of Pudong NewAren. which, after tell years of itslarge- scale development as China'sunofficial special economic zone. hasbecome the 16 district of Shanghai.Yet, the establishment of the official local governmentbrings no change to its jurisdiction and preferentialpolicies granted by the Central Government and theMunicipal Government. As sworn by the elected governor,of the New Area. Mr. Hu Wei. Pudong will continueits efforts in b…     

Economic Causes and Cures of Social Instability in China

China＇s leaders have often expressed concerns about social instability, viewed as a threat both to the political order and to continued rapid growth. Slower growth might, in turn, further undermine social stability. Using survey data, the present paper examines the economic determinants of social instability. Four main determinants are identified.＇past and expected growth of income, income inequality, economic insecurity and misgovernance. The paper then considers possible policies to reduce social instability, examining each of the determinants in turn.     

Rise of China and India in International Trade： From Textiles to New Technology

China and India are two demographic giants that have become big developing economic powers. They have maintained their specialization in textiles and developed outward-oriented sectors linked to new technologies, taking advantage of offshoring and outsourcing. Their increasing contribution to international trade is changing the world supply and demand of manufactured goods, primary goods and services. They are new leaders in the international division of labor, but beyond technological catch-up, their challenge is quality upgrading. Both countries are increasingly contributing to global economic growth, but they cannot yet trigger the growth of the rest of the world by themselves.     

Does Property Right Transformation Improve Township and Village Enterprises Performance？

I. Introduction The township and village-owned enterprises (TVE) in rural China have ever been both an engine of the Chinese economy and an important contributor to the success of Chinese economic reform. They were established by the township and village authorities in the 1980s to achieve three main purposes: to provide government revenue, to increase ruralresidents’ income, and to create employment opportunities for the tremendous rural surplus labor force. The extent of the achievements…     

Global Energy and Environmental Impacts of an Expanding China

I.Introduction Rapid economic growth in China and China’s economic size have important implications for energy use and environmental outcomes in China, regionally and globally. Although?2006 The Author Journal compilation ?2006 Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences most statistics related to China are impressive, those related to energy use and environmental problems are startling. China is currently the world’s third largest energy producer and …     

携手同行现代化之路——在中国共产党与世界政党高层对话会上的主旨讲话（英文）

<正>(2023年3月15日，北京)Leaders of Political Parties from Around the World,Ladies and Gentlemen,Friends,It gives me great pleasure to join all of you for the discussion on “Path Towards Modernization: The Responsibility of Political Parties”.The history of human development is full of twists and turns. Similarly, the journey of each country to explore the path to modernization is also arduous. In today’s world, multiple challenges and crises are intertwined. The global economic recovery remains ...     

Chinese green GDP and green charges accounting in 1990s

How to evaluate and judge the process of social and economic development, and how to promote the social and economic development by means of the proper economic instruments, which are two key issues to realize sustainable development for any country and region in the world today. One basic analysis of Chinese sustainable development evaluation and policy choice is made on the basis of the integrated accounting of environment ＆ economy. The whole paper includes three sections： Section 1, methodology, in which framework of green input-output accounting （GIOA） for natural resources-economy-environment （LEI, 1997, 1999, 2000 and 2003） is introduced; Section 2, trial estimate of Chinese environmental adjusted GDP （Green GDP） and analysis of Chinese green charges are included; Section 3, conclusions and policy choice, in which some policy suggestions for Chinese sustainable development are given.     

Retesting the Separability of China＇s Rural Households

This article retests the separability of China’s rural households in light of growing doubt about the sustainability of high economic growth in China.If a household’s production decisions are "separable "from the household’s consumption decisions,generally this suggests there is no surplus labor.Many scholars aver that China’s surplus rural labor has spurred rapid economic growth,but concerns have arisen as to whether China still has surplus labor available.We investigate this issue using rural household panel data from 1993 to 2009.The regression results confirm that households in rural China have progressed from being non-separable to separable.The estimation results for both the entire country and regions reject the separability hypothesis before 2004 but fail to reject the hypothesis after 2004(with the exception of the central region).These results suggest that China ’s surplus labor supply is dwindling,especially in the eastern and the western regions.The sustainability of China’s high economic growth is questionable in the absence of a large reservoir of surplus rural labor.     

Regionalism and East Asian economic integration

The wave of economic globalization moves to all the countries in the world to be integrated with multilateralism and by promotion of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization （GATT/WTO）. Meanwhile, the growth of regional economic integration has been one of the major developments in international economic relations, and undoubtedly regionalism is a part of the global economic environment. The objective of the paper is to review the trends and highlight the prospects for enhancing economic integration in East Asia. This paper has argued that the emerging East Asian economies have achieved sustained economic development and poverty reduction through domestic structural, institutional and governance reforms as well as through market-driven integration with the global and regional markets. Though this process was temporarily interrupted by the Asian financial crisis in 1997-1998, the economies have pursued further liberalization and reforms, deepened economic integration through trade, FDI and finance, and regained dynamic growth. The author argues that the reasonable choice for Eastern Asian countries is to deepen their economic integration and the optimal strategy is fostering economic integration with institutional cooperation.     

Nature/Culture Dichotomy in China’s Ecological Resettlement Policy——Research based on Wustu Village,IMAR,PRC

Ecological resettlement,as a subsidiary policy of the Central Government’s environmental policy,is now attracting increasing domestic and international attention.The amount of immigrants involved in the policy serves as one reason to raise concerns about the issue,and its side effects (especially the loss of ethnic cultures and the dilemma of some ethnic minority herders and farmers) gave rise to multi-lateral discussions about the policy.The ecological and economic effects of the policy are the primary focus of present research,while the cultural analysis (esp.concerning the social and political forces that fostered and implemented the policy) of the State’s environmental and ecological resettlement policy is lacking.Based on my field research in Wustu village,IMAR,this paper relates the cultural basis of these policies with China’s desire to establish a harmonious society and argues that respect for minority cultures as well as local participation of immigrants are key to solving China’s environment issues.     

Charismatic leader＇s dilemma： How to be a good charismatic leader in the context of racism？

It is an important issue to advice leaders and managers how to act in difficult managerial situations caused by the multicultural communality. Racism paves the way to the bad society. Racism understood as cultural phenomenon gives interesting prospects for the development of anti-racist organization culture. Leaders, who inspire their followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the organization and who is capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on the followers, are in the main focus of this article.     

中国的对外贸易与投资(英文)

I. IntroductionSince the inception of its economic reform in 1978, China has achieved remarkable economicgrowth, averaging about 9 percent before the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 and more than9 percent in recent years. Two areas related to China’s economic growth deserve specialrecognition and analysis: international trade and investment. They are the two mostimportant forces related to external factors behind China’s economic reform and havecontributed significantly to China’s economi…     

A Business Cycle Indicator for Abu Dhabi

According to the Abu Dhabi Economic Vision 2030, the main objective is to diversify its production base, and widen non-oil production. In addition to this growth strategy cyclical fluctuations are also a concern. Economic measures to increase the periods of economic prosperity and reduce the slowdown periods are implemented. To do so there is also a need for reliable tools to monitor the cyclical economic development. The composite indicator approach for economic change assessment, therefore, is seen as a proper method taken up by the Department of Economic Development （DED） in Abu Dhabi as a tool to assess actual short-term economic changes. However, there are no quarterly national accounts for Abu Dhabi at the moment and only a few short-term statistics. A suitable quarterly reference series for indicator assessment has to be constructed with temporal disaggregation methods. Since Abu Dhabi has a huge oil sector real income is used as a reference, because it reflects the economic situation better than real GDP. For the construction of the composite indicators various data sources are exploited.     

China＇s New Economy： An Innovation Perspective

With the globalization of economy, innovation has become the prerequisite for enterprises to keep pace with the times and to survive. Starting from an analysis of U.S.New Economy, the paper argues that innovation is undoubtedly the outcome of social economic development. The innovation of china＇s economy calls for the removal of conceptual, cultural and SYStematic constrains, while there will be a great test for people to accept, bear and adapt to innovation.     

2003年以来中国的宏观经济形势分析

The Chinese economy has emerged from deflation and entered a new stage of economic growth in late 2002 and early 2003. The sudden pick up of the economy has led to a worsening of structural imbalance and inflation is rising. The Chinese government has to find a fine trade-off between growth and inflation. While the central bank needs to tighten its monetary policy, the government may need to use a more expansionary fiscal policy to offset the contracting effect created by the tightened monetary policy. The structural imbalance and partial overheating remind us that China‘s economic reform still has a long way to go. The Chinese government must speed up its reform process. While the long-term prospect for China‘s economic rise is promising, it may be necessary for the Chinese people to prepare themselves for a harder time ahead.     

Evolution of Financial Institutions in Post-1978 China： Interaction between the State and Market

I. IntroductionEconomy and finance have both seen rapid development in post-1978 China. After almost three decades of economic planning and isolation, political leaders decided then to let the economy move in a new direction by announcing a policy of “reform and opening-up”. Then and now, many people did and do believe that the new policy makes the economy increasingly and decisively based on the market. At the dawn of the 21st century, theChinese economy, by many indicators, stands out as…     

Economic Analysis of Professional Ethic of Accountants

Accountants＇ abiding the code of ethics or not is inevitably affected by many factors, especially by the economic factors. Cost and revenue, the economic externalities and the marginal utility of substance and ethics, all of these economic drivers arising from their behaviors have much effect on the accountants＇ ethic behavior choice. If we want to diminish the breach behaviors, from the economic angle, we should adopt the following measures as a plus to our widely-spreading and in-depth education system for all accountants： to increase the costs arising from the practitioners＇ breach behaviors, to construct the trust system in a relatively fast pace over time in future, to make certain the ownership of the ＂trust goods＂ for respective practitioners to accumulate their costs and revenues, to integrate the accountancy practitioners into the occupation to make them behave as a whole and enhance their substance utilities to a optimal situation.