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1.
在经济全球化,国际贸易日趋激烈化的趋势下,科技日新月异,同时也随之产生了国际贸易中的又一重要手段一技术性贸易壁垒(Technical Barriers to Trade—TBT)。所谓技术性贸易壁垒,是指一国以维护国家安全,或保护人类健康和安全,保护动植物的生命和健康,保护生念环境,或防止欺诈行为,保证产品质量为由,采取一些强制性或非强制性的技术性措施,这  相似文献   

2.
Business ethics in fiction   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Interest in teaching business ethics classes on college campuses has increased dramatically during the past decade. In the United States, virtually all graduate and undergraduate business programs teach business ethics in some form. While current pedagogy relies primarily on factual recounting of actual workplace incidents and actual and hypothetical case studies, calls for multidisciplinary approaches to teaching business ethics have not yet produced significant pedagogical change. We propose the use of fiction (novels, dramas, and short stories) to enrich current teaching materials. This paper illustrates the tremendous power of stories which deal with ethical dilemmas in business to illuminate moral issues in ways that lead to a clearer understanding of ethical theory. The fiction cited in this paper is all drawn from American literature. It seems likely that similar sources could be found in the literature of other countries.Ellen J. Kennedy is Associate Professor of Marketing at the University of St. Thomas. She has published articles inThe Journal of Marketing Education, Psychology & Marketing, andIndustrial Marketing Management.Leigh Lawton is Associate Professor of Marketing at the University of St. Thomas. His articles have appeared in such publications asThe Journal of Marketing, Business Horizons, Psychology & Marketing, Industrial Marketing Management andSimulation & Games.  相似文献   

3.
Companies do have ethical responsibility and are not protected by limited liability from the consequences of their actions. A company's record and the preception of its ethics affect its reputation and ensure long term success or failure.The financial community has a history of placing moral considerations above legal or opportunistic expedients. But we are often exposed to moral dangers and the dangers of contamination are increasing. Deregulation and the technological revolution are sharpening ethical conflicts.Bankers' role is one of stewardship based on trust. We are trusted by those who ask us to look after their money and we have a duty to lend that money responsibly.Banking is about rewards reflecting real risks and ethical considerations form an important part of our risk-taking activities. The welfare of our borrowing customers, in good times and bad, is of major concern in any business proposition. Sometimes commercial considerations can be at odds where ethics and politics combine, for example, on the LDC debt question.We depend on people to run our business and to reflect our ethical standards. We have to let our people know what is expected of them and help them to avoid pressures and temptations.A bank's responsibility extends to Government, customers, shareholders, staff and the community. In the future, as we face increasingly complex and conflicting issues, our resolve and commitment to ethical behaviour will be tested.Mr Charles F Green, 58, was a Deputy Group Chief Executive of National Westminster Bank since 1 December 1986 and a Director since February 1982. Exercised oversight of UK Financial Services and Support Services, as well as shared in the Chief Executive's representational Sole.In July 1989, Mr. Green resigned from the National Westminster Bank.His outside commitments are largely Church based. Since 1980 a member of the Church of England General Synod, he is currently Vice Chairman of the Church's Board for Social Responsibility and is Chairman of its Industrial and Economic Affairs Committee and a Trustee of the Church Urban Fund.He is also Chairman of the Executive Committee of Business in the Community, Chairman of the CBI Overseas Committee and Treasurer of the Policy Studies Institute.  相似文献   

4.
Business ethics and existentialism   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
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5.
Internationalization of a company's operations creates new uncertainty and risk for the company, including political and legal issues. This article discusses some of these problems, examines alternative solutions for these problems, and makes recommendations as to what solutions a company should give priorty to. Specifically, the study argues that in international business arbitration and litigation should be used as lust resort and only when all other alternatives have been exhausted.  相似文献   

6.
Investment liberalization and international trade   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This paper estimates the cross-price elasticity of exports with respect to investment costs for bilateral relations between 36 countries. We show that the effect of reducing foreign direct investment costs on exports depends on country characteristics and trade costs as predicted by the [Markusen, 1997] and [Markusen, 2002] model. When countries differ in relative factor endowments and trade costs are low, investment liberalization stimulates exports, whereas when countries are similar in terms of relative factor endowments and size, and trade costs are moderate to high, investment liberalization reduces exports.  相似文献   

7.
The comparative seriousness of business law and business ethics gives some business people the impression that there is nothing important in business ethics. The costly penalties of illegal conduct compared to the uncertain consequences of unethical conduct support a common illusion that business ethics is much less important than law for business people. To dispel the illusion I distinguish two perspectives from which we can view the relation of business and normative systems: the internal and external perspectives. I show that in one perspective, ethics is hardly less important than law, and in the other perspective it is more important, more fundamental than law. I conclude with a discussion of why business persons must place ethical and legal rules ahead of profits.Richard McCarty has been a lecturer in the philosophy department at East Carolina University in Greenville, N.C. since 1986. He has published articles primarily in aesthetics and ethics.  相似文献   

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International trade transactions present unique commercial and legal risks, and hence specialized forms of financing are required.  相似文献   

10.
随着产品生产、销售的进一步全球化,资本也更加国际化,服务也将进一步全球化。先进的信息技术的发展与应用也必将进一步对服务贸易的发展带来巨大的深刻的影响,国际服务贸易的发展与国际物资贸易的发展相辅相成,在技术和全球化力量的推动下,国际服务贸易出现了新的发展趋势。  相似文献   

11.
《进出口经理人》2010,(7):10-10
今天的外贸与10年前有何不同?几乎没有异议,电子商务(E—commerce)的应用是近年来发生的最大变化。当电子商务成为趋势时,电子商务就成为外贸曲折的路径中最短的那条。  相似文献   

12.
国际贸易便利化发展状况及我国的应对措施   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着国际贸易规模的扩大和各国及地区贸易联系的加强,人们开始高度重视各种贸易管理程序的合理化.减少和消除阻碍要素跨境流动的障碍、降低交易成本、建立高效的贸易便利体系已成为多边、区域、双边经贸合作的重要内容.本文在研究WTO贸易便利观的基础上,分析了未来全球贸易便利化的发展态势,并提出推动我国贸易便利化发展的对策措施  相似文献   

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14.
It is widely acknowledged that while technical regulations can improve welfare and facilitate markets, they can also impede trade. The trade impeding effects of technical regulations are especially worrisome for developing countries: they frequently lack the human and capital resources necessary to satisfy technical measures, and thus are more likely to be excluded from markets by technical measures. This paper uses highly disaggregated US data on agricultural, mining and manufacturing imports to examine the impact of technical regulations on trade patterns. Using instrumental variables estimation to correct for the potential endogeneity of technical regulations, the analysis suggests that technical regulations substantially impinge on poor countries' exports: their weaker capacities to satisfy technical regulations lead them to specialize away from industries with heavier regulatory burdens.  相似文献   

15.
This study, using panel data on Japanese firms, analyses the relationship between services trade and firm heterogeneity. It finds that the number of firms engaged in services trade is far less than that engaged in goods trade. Further, the productivity of services traders is higher than that of domestic firms and goods trading firms, whereas the productivity of firms that export services beyond the boundary of their firm groups is higher than that of those that export services only to their affiliate firms. These results suggest that only productive firms can engage in services trade by incurring the relatively large fixed costs.  相似文献   

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17.
Vehicle currency use in international trade   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
We explore the major driving forces for currency invoicing in international trade with a simple model and a novel dataset covering 24 countries. We contrasts a “coalescing” effect, where exporters minimize the movements of their prices relative to their competitors', with incentives to hedge macroeconomic volatility and transaction costs. The key determinants of invoice currency choice are industry features and country size, with some role for foreign-exchange bid-ask spreads. The coalescing effect also goes a long way to explaining the well-known dominance of the dollar. Trade flows to the United States are predominantly invoiced in dollar, as foreign exporters face competition with U.S. firms. The use of the dollar in trade flows that do not involve the United States reflects trade in homogeneous products where firms need to keep their price in line with their competitors'.  相似文献   

18.
针对发展中国家与发达国家在环境保护和贸易利益方面存在严重分歧,本文采用博弈论中著名的囚徒困境模型,对国际贸易主体间就环境与贸易间的博弈进行了相关研究,研究结果表明,环境壁垒与对外贸易之间并不是一对不可调和的矛盾,贸易双方在环境与贸易中存在着两个稳定的纳什均衡。只要两个贸易主体在贸易和环境领域的全面合作,两者均可从贸易和环境中获得收益。  相似文献   

19.
Eckart Guth 《Intereconomics》1987,22(6):297-302
The world markets for agricultural products are in a state of crisis. This is manifested in phenomena such as record surpluses, falling incomes for farmers and constantly increasing agricultural expenditure in a number of industrial countries while, at the same time, people go hungry in many developing regions. What are the factors which have brought this situation about? What can be done to solve these problems?  相似文献   

20.
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