Family economics in Russia: women's perspectives on the transition to a market economy

Abstract This study of family economic variables is based on in-depth oral interviews conducted in the spring of 1995 with 95 women living in Moscow, Russia. The survey explored family economic life in a variety of socioeconomic settings. Data gathered include an overview of the household economy, family income and expenses, satisfaction with current economic situation, patterns of consumption, work culture and women's culture. In addition, the subjects were asked to comment on the current status of women in Russia, the state of the economy and the role government should play in the economy. The analysis contributes to an understanding of the relationship between the reproduction economy and the macro/production economy in a time of major economic upheaval.     

Monetary policy in a developing economy with external debt: Theory and empirics

Using annual data from four open economies (Thailand, Indonesia, Mexico, and Chile), and estimating correlations and generalized impulse responses within the traditional vector autoregressive (VAR) analysis, we find that inflation, both in the short and long run, is negatively correlated with consumption, investment, and the stock of foreign debt. We propose an optimizing model of an open economy with outstanding foreign debt and borrowing constraint that could explain these empirics. In this economy, risk premium depends on creditworthiness measured by debt–income ratio. Firms operate under costly investment, and all transactions involving consumption and investment are subject to cash-in-advance (CIA) constraints.     

The road to a market economy

The ongoing conversion of the economies of former socialist countries into market economies has so far suffered from the lack of a theory of system transformation (policy) which indicates the means of achieving the desired objectives and makes it possible to evaluate the transformation policies of individual countries. The following article outlines the essential aspects of such a theory.     

Localized advantage in a global economy: The case of Bangalore

This article examines how and why firms in Bangalore, a city in southern India, have achieved success in the global software industry. We use Porter's “diamond framework” to analyze information obtained from secondary sources and interviews with engineers, managers, and top executives from software firms and officials involved in Bangalore's development. While we found some aspects of the case conform to Porter's framework, many other elements tend to diverge from the model. Thus, the article contributes to the Porter's diamond model literature by extending its application to assessing the development of successful regions in knowledge‐based industries in developing economies. The discussion in the article would be of value to officials interested in creating such successful regions, as well as international business executives interested in the opportunities afforded by locating in these regions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Monetary policy in a Union of 27: Enlargement and reform options

It is to be expected that by early 2006 the European monetary union will be enlarged by up to 10 countries. This poses the question as to whether the current decision-making structure in the common central bank is adequate for such a large membership. Not only will such a large number of national representatives impair the efficiency of decision-making, but monetary policy will have to deal with a much more heterogenous group of members. The following article addresses the problem of enlargement and discusses reform options for the central bank.     

The growing shadow economy: Implications for stabilization policy

Not only has the shadow economy obviously been growing much more rapidly than the official economy in the Western industrialised countries, it also appears to have a growth cycle of its own, running counter to the official economy's growth cycle. This raises a number of important questions for stabilization policy.     

海信试金匈牙利

在美对中国彩电实施反倾销一案刚刚尘埃落定不久,海信却通过海外建厂的有利手段有意避开了贸易壁垒,加快了开拓国际市场的步伐。6月3日,在匈牙利伟创力(FLEXTRONICS)公司的高新工业园区,海信匈牙利工厂正式开工。     

The dynamics of fiscal policy in an open economy

This paper extends the work of Blinder and Solow, analyzing the dynamics of fiscal policy, to a small open economy having a fixed exchange rate. The model is developed under the assumption that domestic and foreign bonds are imperfect substitutes. The stationary properties of this system are discussed and it is shown how, in general, equilibrium requires both the government budget to be balanced and the balance of payments on current account to be in equilibrium. The stability of the system is analyzed under two extreme assumptions: zero capital mobility and perfect capital mobility. A significant result of the analysis is to show how the appropriate choice of the policy parameters, describing the mode of deficit financing and sterilization policies, is of central importance to the stability of the model.     

Monetary and fiscal policy transmission in the Euro-area: evidence from a structural VAR analysis

This paper studies the transmission of monetary and fiscal policy in the Euro-area. To do so, structural VAR models are estimated. First, the EMU countries are considered as an aggregate entity and the estimation results are compared with those for the US and Japan. Attention is also paid to interaction of macroeconomic policies and the effects of shocks in financial markets. As a next step, SVARs are estimated for the individual EMU countries to analyze cross-country differences. It turns out that, compared to the EMU aggregate, individual EU countries react rather differently to monetary and fiscal policy shocks.     

论市场经济的诚信体系建设

本文通过阐述社会主义市场经济的基本特征,论述了市场经济与信用的关系,阐明了诚信的含义,其产生和运行的基础是商品关系.诚信自古有之,我国从古到今在五千年的文明历史中,诚信成为其中的一粒明珠.而在改革开放的今天,诚信是我国社会主义市场经济健康发展的重要支撑.因此,诚信及其体系的建设意义巨大,在全球经济危机影响下,企业生存艰难,企业诚信受到考验,许多企业在拖欠工人工资,拖欠债务的前提下,一夜之间人走厂黄,好似人间蒸发,这是对诚信的无情践踏.当前,诚信体系的建设,当以诚信主体之间的关系为出发点,以政府诚信建设为关键,我们应该采取行之有效的方法,把市场经济的诚信体系建设好.本文通过阐述我国市场经济诚信存在的问题及诚信的现状,提出了诚信体系建设的重大意义及建设思路.从诚信体系的构成到个人企业政府的诚信意识,再到中介部门、执法部门、监督部门的诚信管理,对诚信的监督建立从各个方面提出了自己的观点,以期通过本篇论文的阐述,探索出一条诚信体系建设的新思路.     

Labor market outcomes under digital platform business models in the sharing economy: the case of the taxi services industry

Business Economics - This research investigates the effects of ride-sharing online platforms on the taxi and limousine industry. It also compares and contrasts labor market outcomes between...     

招标投标环境及市场经济环境的规范探讨

本文对招标投标环境及市场经济环境的规范进行了探讨.     

The drugs economy and anti-drug policy in developing countries

The drugs economy has now developed into a major factor in many developing countries. What effects on the economies of the countries concerned do drugs production and the drugs trade have? How should the prospects of success for substitution policies be judged? What strategy to curb the demand for drugs in the industrial countries might carry the promise of success?     

The transition process in Eastern Europe: European security policy redefined

Traditional views of security policy have focused almost exclusively on defence and military topics. The process of transition in eastern Europe makes it necessary to take a much broader approach in which, for example, areas such as economic and social policy, or world trade and monetary relations, are included.     

Trade policy under firm-level heterogeneity in a small economy

We explore the effect of trade policy on productivity and welfare in the now standard model of firm-level heterogeneity and product differentiation with monopolistic competition. To obtain sharp results, we restrict attention to an economy that takes as given the price of imports and the demand schedules for its exports (a “small economy”). We first establish that welfare can be decomposed into four terms: productivity, terms of trade, variety and curvature, where the last is a term that captures heterogeneity across varieties. We then show how a consumption subsidy, an export tax, or an import tariff allows our small economy to deal with two distortions that we identify and thereby reach its first-best allocation. We also show that an export subsidy generates an increase in productivity, but given the negative joint effect on the other three terms (terms of trade, variety, and curvature), welfare falls. In contrast, an import tariff improves welfare in spite of the fact that productivity falls.     

招标投标环境及市场经济环境的规范探讨

本文对招标投标环境及市场经济环境的规范进行了探讨.     

数字经济下的转换成本对市场竞争的影响分析

转换成本可以通过市场力量和企业的策略性行为对市场竞争产生重要影响,因此成为竞争执法机构竞争评估的重点考察因素,而当前数字经济具有的网络效应和多归属等特征使得转换成本对市场竞争的影响更加复杂。本文首先从经济学角度剖析转换成本的定义、起源与分类,而后考察转换成本与网络效应和多归属之间的关系,最后研究转换成本对市场竞争的影响、系统论述转换成本在数字经济下可能引起的竞争关注。