完善税收征收管理范围划分的思考

完善税收征收管理范围划分的思考王旭建，彭志华随着市场经济体制的构建，分税制、新税制改革的不断深入，作为财税改革的重要步骤之一，组建国、地两套税务机构的工作已基本完成，这是我国税收史上前所未有的一件大事。在新的国、地税务机构运转之际，不免会出现一些问题...     

浅谈个体税收征收管理

随着经济体制改革的不断探化．个体经济迅猛发展,税收管理工作面临着许多新情况、新问题,暴薅出征收管理严重滞后的问题。     

关于强化税收征收管理问题的研究

一、税收征管过程中出现主要问题为适应市场经济和新税制的需要,全国各地先后进行了各种形式的税收征管改革,取得了可喜的成绩。但是,改革也并非一帆风顺,可谓成绩与问题同在,机遇与挑战并存,须正确对待并认真加以解决。(一)外部纳税环境因素1.纳税人的依法纳税意识不强。纳税人整体素质偏低,税收法制观念不强,纳税申报率偏低,偷逃税现象普遍。近年来,全国每年查补偷逃税款都接近500亿元,尤其是个体和私营业主税款流失非常严重。2.部分企业核算水平太低。特别是一部分小型集体企业的财务会计核算问题较多,在历年税收检查中发现有问题的竟高…     

论土地征收补偿中信息不对称问题的解决方案

城市建设对土地资源的需求量日益增大,全国各地开始大量征收农村土地,在这一过程中支付土地征收补偿是土地征收工作的关键一环,而政府与农民之间的信息不对称给土地征收补偿的完成带来了许多问题。从保护农民权益的角度出发,土地征收补偿制度应结合地方具体情况,使农民参与决策,拓宽信息渠道与救济途径,确保农民可以获取充分的信息。     

The Capital Tax and Welfare Effects from Asymmetric Information on Equity Markets

This paper explores the implications of informational asymmetries between domestic and foreign investors for optimal capital tax rates and welfare. It adopts a model in which asymmetric information implies a home bias in equity. The paper finds that asymmetric information may raise capital tax rates by reducing the marginal cost of taxation. Furthermore, it shows that investors may gain from informational asymmetries. Although asymmetric information increases the uncertainty as perceived by investors, it may also increase tax rates and allow for a higher consumption of public goods. This reflects that asymmetric information may reduce the distortionary effects of competition among governments.     

Simultaneous Public and Private Provision of Services, Asymmetric Information and Innovation

Public and private provision of a service coexist. There is asymmetric information between the government and the agency providing the public service with respect to the costs, the quality of the service and the innovation effort of the agency. We examine the optimal government design of the funding contracts to induce the agency to reveal its costs and exert high innovation effort. The optimizing behaviour of consumers and private firms generates observable information, which can be used by the government to reduce its information problem. In the optimal contracts, the informational rents of the agency increase with the level of innovation effort that the government induces from the agency. Correlation between public and the private sector costs results in a trade-off in the government's policy between inducing innovation and extracting the informational rent of the agency. To increase the redistribution inherent in the public provision of the service, the government will manipulate the expected profits of the private firms to induce higher innovation effort.     

浅谈"两法合并"后的涉外税收征管

"两法合并"以后,涉外税收将继续存在。本文针对当前涉外税收的两种片面认识以及目前涉外税收管理的突出问题,提出了"两法合并"后加强涉外税收征管的若干建议。     

The Property Tax as a Tax on Value: Deadweight Loss

Consider an atomistic developer who decides when and at what density to develop his land, under a property value tax system characterized by three time-invariant tax rates: τ_V, the tax rate on pre-development land value; τ_S, the tax rate on post-development residual site value; and τ_K, the tax rate on structure value. Arnott (2005) identified the subset of property value tax systems that are neutral. This paper investigates the relative efficiency of four idealized, non-neutral property value tax systems [(i) “Canadian' property tax system: τ_V = 0, τ _S = τ_K; (ii) simple property tax system: τ_V = τ _S = τ_K; (iii) residual site value tax system: τ_K = 0,τ _V = τ_S; (iv) two-rate property tax system: τ_V = τ _S > τ_K > 0] under the assumption of a constant rental growth rate. JEL Code: H2     

Revenue Elasticities in Complex Income Tax Structures: An Application to Spain*

This paper derives analytical expressions for the revenue elasticity of complex income tax systems, as applied to tax units and in aggregate. Among the complexities considered are the schedular nature of income tax systems and the role of central and regional governments, along with the existence of a range of intricate tax credits and eligible expenditures and deductions. Empirical estimates are obtained for the case of Spain using a cross‐sectional data set, which enables a number of important ancillary elasticities (relating to allowances and tax credits, and different income sources) to be estimated. It is found that there is considerable variation among tax units in the revenue elasticity, with highly positively skewed distributions. The nature of the distributions varies among regions of Spain, and the aggregate elasticities for each region were found to display some variation associated with income distribution differences. The national aggregate is found to be around 1.3.     

"新公共管理"与完善我国税务机构的内部管理

"新公共管理"给西方税务机构改革带来的变化为我国加强税务机构内部管理提供了经验。借鉴发达和新兴工业化国家改善税务机构的内部管理的经验,完善我国税务机构的内部管理可从组织机构、人力资源管理机制和绩效评估机制三方面着手。     

2002年税收收入形势评点

2002年我国税收收入再上新台阶,全年完成税收收入(不包括关税和农业税收,下同)17004亿元,比上年增长12.1％,增收1832亿元。税收收入占GDP的比重达16.7％,比上年的15.8％提高了近1个百分点,其中,所得税换算成可比口径后,中央级收入完成10393亿元,比上年增长12.3％,增收1140亿元;地方级收入完成6611亿元,比上年增长11.7％,增收692亿元,中央级和地方级税收收入均呈现稳定增长势头。税收收入在提高“两个比重”方面又进了一步。     

现代管理理论在纳税服务中的运用

随着现代管理理论的兴起和被认知,为纳税人服务的理念越来越多地被世界各个国家广泛提倡和推广。我国随着市场经济的建立,也充分认识到纳税服务的重要作用,纳税服务体系正在逐步建立并取得了一定的成效。许多西方经济管理理论—契约理论、税收遵从理论、流程再造理论的引进和应用,为我们进一步提高纳税服务质量开拓了新的思路。     

出口退税管理:税企博弈分析与制度优化

不对称信息是现代市场经济的一种常态,也是信息经济学中的一个核心概念。出口退税中税企之间存在博弈关系。在信息不对称条件下设计出口退税激励机制,应实行退税担保基础上的分类管理,并优化退税检查制度,以进一步提高出口退税管理的效率。