汇率变化对河南省涉外经济的影响

自2005年7月21日我国实行人民币汇率形成机制改革以来,截至2011年6月底,人民币对美元升值已达到21.81%。人民币汇率的大幅变动对河南省涉外经济主体行为产生了哪些影响,河南省涉外经济呈现出了什么样的变化。本文将就此对河南省涉外经济发展的现状     

人民币汇率升值对涉外经济发展影响研究:以山东为例

从改革开放以来人民币汇率走势看,人民币汇率的变动对刺激我国出口、改善贸易收支起到了重要作用,尤其是汇改以来,人民币汇率升值对我国外贸结构优化促进作用明显.虽然近期人民币汇率升值步伐有所减缓,但由于未来经济快速增长的动能仍将存在,根据人民币汇率面临长期升值趋势(巴拉萨-萨缪尔逊效应),其对贸易结构的优化促进作用也将是长期的.本文就人民币汇率升值对山东省涉外经济的影响进行全面分析,并就完善人民币汇率形成机制、促进外贸增长方式的转变、加快涉外经济发展等提出政策建议.     

人民币汇率升值对涉外经济发展影响研究:以山东为例

从改革开放以来人民币汇率走势看,人民币汇率的变动对刺激我国出口、改善贸易收支起到了重要作用,尤其是汇改以来,人民币汇率升值对我国外贸结构优化促进作用明显。虽然近期人民币汇率升值步伐有所减缓,但由于未来经济快速增长的动能仍将存在,根据人民币汇率面临长期升值趋势(巴拉萨—萨缪尔逊效应),其对贸易结构的优化促进作用也将是长期的。本文就人民币汇率升值对山东省涉外经济的影响进行全面分析,并就完善人民币汇率形成机制、促进外贸增长方式的转变、加快涉外经济发展等提出政策建议。     

人民币汇率升值对外贸结构的优化效应分析：以山东为例

本文就人民币汇率升值对山东省外贸结构的影响进行分析,尤其是从价格角度和生产成本角度分析了汇率变动对出口商品结构的具体影响机理,并结合山东经济发展实际,对人民币汇率升值影响程度及适应能力进行具体分析,最后就完善人民币汇率升值、促进外贸增长方式的转变、加快涉外经济发展等提出政策建议。     

我国人民币汇率制度演进与改革效应分析

2015年是我国人民币汇率形成机制改革十周年.汇率制度选择和汇率水平确定是一国涉外经济管理领域最重要的问题.汇率制度应具有显著的动态发展特征.本文回顾了我国自建国以来人民币汇率制度的变革与演进,并从宏观和微观两个层面分析了汇率制度改革带来的社会经济效应.宏观效应主要体现在外汇管理框架及金融体系抗风险能力,微观效应则主要从天津市近十年来涉外经济发展状况和特点人手分析,并对人民币汇率市场化改革的进一步推进提出相应的对策建议.     

人民币汇率形成机制改革对邯郸市经济发展的影响及对策研究

自2005年7月21日起,我国开始实行以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度.篮子货币的弹性汇率机制,预示着人民币汇率市场化进程加快,这将对涉外经济发展产生深远的影响.本文从邯郸市情况分析出发,对汇率形成机制改革后涉外经济发展提出相应的对策.     

汇改七年——让历史告诉未来

2005年以来的人民币汇率形成机制改革总体是成功的：实现了新旧汇率体制的平稳过渡，保障了涉外经济平稳运行；同时，汇率形成的市场化程度逐步提高，人民币汇率日益趋近均衡合理的水平。     

人民币汇率形成机制改革对我国FDI产业选择的影响研究

2005年7月,人民币汇率形成机制进行重大改革,对中国经济特别是涉外经济产生了深远影响。本文运用Logistic模型研究了汇率形成机制改革对我国外商直接投资(FDI)产业选择的影响。实证结果显示,人民币汇率机制改革使FDI在中国的产业布局发生改变的概率提高了38.24%。从FDI产业变动的数据来看,汇率形成机制改革后,FDI出现了向第三产业集聚的现象,而且从第三产业内各行业来看,FDI重点加大了对批发零售、科学研究、技术服务和居民服务等行业的投资力度。因而,本文认为,人民币汇率形成机制改革在一定程度上有利于我国产业结构的优化升级。     

对人民币汇率改革的思考

人民币汇率改革对我国的内外平衡发展有着重大影响,优化了我国经济金融结构、推动了就业等,本文从我国人民币汇率改革的进程、汇率体制对我国的金融行业增长影响以及人民币汇率改革体制改革中仍然存在的问题着手,对人民币汇率改革进行深入的探究.     

简单汇率形成机制下的汇率预期和货币选择

本文探讨了目前人民币汇率形成机制下的汇率预期问题。通过理论模型,本文证明了在简单的人民币汇率形成机制下汇率预期所具有的特点,以及汇率预期和利率因素对微观经济主体货币选择的影响;而实证结果验证了人民币与美元的名义利率差以及与预期有关的信息变量的变化,对微观经济主体的汇率预期及货币选择具有显著影响。本文的结论对人民币汇率形成机制改革条件的启示是显而易见的:一方面,汇率形成机制的改革应以强制结售汇制度的放宽为前提;另一方面,汇率形成机制的改革应当选择人民币利率低于美元利率、我国的贸易收支顺差减少以及国外直接投资流入速度放慢的时候启动,这将为人民币汇率的浮动创造有利条件。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.