导游风格形成初探

导游是门艺术,是艺术就有风格,就有流派;是艺术就有继承,就有创新.笔者旨在探讨导游的各种类型、导游讲解的各种风格,影响它形成的诸多因素及形成发展的若干阶段.     

景区导游如何在工作中做好嗓子保护浅议

景区导游的讲解工作十分重要有助于给客人留下良好的第一印象,而导游嗓音的好坏又是高质量的导游讲解的首要因素,是导游讲解的必备外在表现,直接决定着旅客对导游讲解内容的接受程度。但是长时间的工作导致了景区导游员的嗓子超负荷工作,因此本文以景区导游这一特殊人员的工作状态出发,探讨了导游在工作中如何保护嗓子。     

旅游景区导游讲解存在问题及解决对策

随着经济的发展,旅游业越来越成为带动经济发展的巨大动力。而旅游业中不可缺少的是导游服务,导游服务的核心就是导游讲解,导游讲解能够宣传景区文化,提升景区内涵,而导游讲解的好坏也直接影响着景区的形象,所以加强导游队伍建设,提升导游文化素质,优化导游人员知识结构,树立景区形象具有指导意义。本文分析导游讲解和旅游景区现状,就旅游讲解对旅游景区形象影响的原因进行研究,从而提出规范导游讲解内容,从而提升旅游景区形象。     

浅谈如何优化景区导游讲解——以乌镇为例

导游人员的讲解服务对旅游景区有着举足轻重的影响。所谓"江山美不美,全凭导游一张嘴",当游客抵达一个陌生的景区,如果没有导游的讲解,那游客看到的便只是呆板的美,只有通过景区导游精彩的讲解才能让景色显得更加生动形象,风俗民情更加绚丽多彩,游客的旅途妙趣横生。所以对景区导游讲解工作进行必要的优化能大幅提升游客的满意度。本文以乌镇景区为例,通过对景区导游讲解内容、方式、路线等现状进行分析,找出不足并提出优化之道。     

基于工作过程的导游讲解技能教学改革探讨

导游讲解技能是导游服务的核心技能。如何提升旅游专业学生的导游讲解水平,是旅游院校和旅游企业在导游教学、培训中关心的难点问题。结合实际教学情况,以基于工作过程理论为指导思想,综合考虑职业能力培养与职业资格证书的对接,对导游讲解技能训练体系、课堂教学方法、考核方式等进行改革探讨。     

提高中职旅游服务与管理专业学生导游讲解能力

作为一名导游,最为重要的能力便是其自身的讲解能力。对旅游景点的介绍是否准确、精彩,语言表达能力至关重要。要具备高水平的讲解能力,一方面要依靠导游自身的文化素养,另一方面则源自于其专业的语言驾驭能力。在导游讲解工作中需要应用到的技巧手段十分多样化,中职学校旅游服务与管理专业的学生在毕业后往往所从事的工作都会和导游相关,因而,对于中职旅游专业的教师与学生来说就必须要加强对口语表达能力的重视程度,不断提升学生的导游讲解能力。     

浅谈李庄古镇导游讲解技巧

导游讲解是导游服务人员的基本技能。而对古镇的讲解是导游讲解中的难点,在目前的带团过程中,对古镇的讲解普遍存在一些问题。此文结合带团实践经验,以万里长江第一镇——李庄古镇为例,就如何讲好古镇景点与文化,激发游客的游览兴趣,让游客在旅行游览过程中获得知识和享受,提出了可操作性建议。     

导游服务质量对旅游者满意、忠诚的影响研究——以华东线为例

以华东线游客市场为例,通过问卷调查,用SPSS16.0分析了导游服务质量对游客满意度和忠诚度的影响,结果表明,导游服务质量与游客的满意感、忠诚度之间都存在显著的正相关关系;在讲解水平、服务态度、应变能力、服务规范四个评价因子中,导游的讲解水平、应变能力分别是影响游客满意度和忠诚度的最主要因子。旅行社要认识到导游的重要性,采取相关措施,提高导游服务水平,树立良好的品牌形象,提高游客的满意度和忠诚度。     

《导游业务》课程建设与改革探讨

针对在实训与实践的过程中对导游讲解技能的实际训练所占比例不大,导致学生的导游讲解能力不是很强,首先分析了当前导游业务课程的教学与实践存在的问题,之后探讨了改进导游业务课程教学与实践的措施。     

浅谈如何提高中职学生的导游讲解能力

本文通过分析中职学校导游专业学生在导游讲解时存在的问题,试图为其提供具体的改进措施,为导游人才的培养提供有力保障。随着越来越多的中职毕业生走上一线导游员的工作岗位,他们已逐渐成为导游员大军的重要组成部分。但是由于中职学生自身在导游讲解过程中存在着许多问题,他们的讲解能力已经严重影响和制约了导游员这个群体的讲解能力和水平的提高。因此,目前中职学校如何提高学生导游词讲解的能力,将直接影响中国导游员整体素质的提高。     

Re‐examining the effects of aging on household recycling behavior: A study in France

While age is the variable most often used to explain household recycling behavior, research findings reveal only limited or contradictory effects. This study demonstrates the utility of several additional variables related to age in regard to explaining the effect of aging on household recycling behavior. These variables are generativity, available time, and perceived skills. By drawing on the theory of planned behavior, this paper offers a model that clarifies how age indirectly influences household recycling behavior. The model is tested on a stratified sample, and the results are analyzed through mediation tests and structural equation modeling. While aging is associated with lower levels of enthusiasm for recycling, more skills and available time allow recycling to be accomplished with increased ease. Finally, the results enable an explanation of the previous contradictory results about age effects and lead to managerial and societal recommendations on how household recycling can be effectively promoted.     

The historical shifts of in/formality of learning within craft skills ecosystems in the United Kingdom

In this paper, we address the debate on local skills ecosystems and informal learning. We use the social ecosystem model as a tool to help us analyse the role played by various actors in learning and skills ecosystems and highlight the role of informal learning in vocational education and training. We draw on the case of craft pottery to discuss the historical shifts and transformations of ecosystems, including the centrality of informal learning occurring in different spaces and times, and subsequent transformation of the learning ecosystem. Our paper contributes in two ways. First, we add the lens of temporality to understanding of how learning and skills ecosystems are maintained and developed, in the absence of supportive government policy. Second, we show how multiple horizontal sectors contribute to reconstruct a learning and skills ecosystem, as an informal one, over time.     

A Case Study in Project-Based Learning: An International Partnership

As our world becomes more integrated, international business students should develop skills that match corporations' needs. Moreover, students need hands-on, problem-solving, team-based, critical-thinking skills that companies demand. Students need international business experience but many of them lack the funds or support to study or intern abroad. This article explains how one program developed a project-based course that addressed these skills by partnering with a local consulate office. It lays the framework for using a project-based course, explains the course's development, outlines the necessary and important skills addressed, and provides an agenda for other schools considering such a course.     

张家界国家森林公园导游环境解说研究

本研究主要以张家界国家森林公园的解说环境为背景,并对公园游客环境解说满意度及导游环境解说现状进行了详细的调查分析,运用定性分析与定量分析方法相结合的方法,总结出适合森林公园导游环境解说的技术线路为确定解说主旨、解说目标受众、解说主题,运用合理解说技术,创造良好解说机会。通过统计结果分析,得出森林公园景区以导游环境解说为主,并达到教育、娱乐、解释的目的;进行游客层次划分;加强从业人员培训等结论。借此提高森林公园导游解说水平,完善适合当地的旅游解说系统理论体系。     

International shipping traffic as a determinant of the growing use of advertisements by local shopkeepers: a case study of eighteenth century Ghent

In this article we examine the quantitative growth of growing number of advertisements (ads) placed by local shopkeepers in the three-daily chronicle of Ghent between 1706 and 1800. We test whether this evolution can be explained by international (shipping) commerce, a determinant to which the literature seems to have paid less attention. In this period, the number of commercial ads placed by local shopkeepers increased strongly. The nature of the offered goods, Ordinary Least squares/Generalized method of moments (OLS/GMM) regressions and Granger-causality tests give convergent indications that this was determined by increasing international trade (on top of other factors). The intuition is that, as a result of the policy of the Austrian government to facilitate accessibility and hence reducing transportation costs, there was an inflow of new goods into the Southern Netherlands. Local shopkeepers in Ghent were supplied with more and new imported goods and increased their vending efforts by making use of commercial advertisements.     

让地方性知识为旅游管理专业服务

地方性知识这一新的知识观念已经深入到学术研究的各个领域,这种观念强调地方性特点,注重文化的地方区域性。地方性知识也已经进入教育领域,尤其对地方课程的开发具有指导意义。"地方性知识"是旅游管理专业地方课程的内在要求,它规定了地方课程的内容与性质。旅游管理专业地方课程应在"地方性知识"的指导下进行开发,开发具有地方特性、开放性、实践性的旅游管理专业地方课程,不仅有利于旅游管理专业的发展,同时对地区的旅游市场的发展也具有积极的作用。     

Exporting Christianity: Governance and doctrine in the globalization of US denominations

In this paper we build a model of market competition among religious denominations, using a framework that involves incomplete contracts and the production of club goods. We treat denominations akin to multinational enterprises, which decide which countries to enter based on local market conditions and their own “productivity.” The model guides us in estimating how a denomination's religious doctrine and governance structure affect its ability to attract adherents. Using data on the foreign operations of US Protestant denominations in 2005 from the World Christian Database, we find that (1) denominations with stricter religious doctrine attract more adherents in countries in which the risk of natural disaster or disease outbreak is greater and in which government provision of health services is weaker, and (2) denominations with a decentralized governance structure attract more adherents in countries in which the pastor cost of connecting with congregants is lower. These findings illuminate factors shaping the composition of religion within countries, helping account for the rise of new Protestant groups. They also provide empirical evidence for the recent theoretical developments in organization and trade.     

Unpacking the “skill – cross-cultural competence” mechanisms: Empirical evidence from Chinese expatriate managers

International management (IM) literature identifies several important skill sets (namely, self-maintenance, perceptual, interpersonal, language and communication skills) that are important for expatriates’ cross-cultural management. However, how skills influence each other and work synergistically towards expatriate competence has not been well examined. Based on the theoretical perspectives of learning, social dynamics and the IM stream, we develop an integrative model to investigate the joint effects of skills on cross-cultural competence (CCC), by surveying and interviewing Chinese expatriate managers. We find that self-maintenance skills, interpersonal skills, and language skills do not relate to CCC directly, while perceptual skills contribute to CCC mainly through communication skills. Our study demonstrates that competence goes beyond understanding local culture and lies in the ability to effectively interact and communicate within the host context. This study contributes to expatriate literature not only by revealing the skill – CCC mechanisms, but also by extending knowledge into an emerging market context which provides theoretical and practical guidance for competence-building of expatriates from China.     

地方高校物流管理本科专业学生职业技能培养研究

如何培养能够胜任地方物流企业管理岗位的应用型管理人才已经成为地方高校物流管理本科专业人才培养关注的问题。本文通过对地方高校物流管理本科专业职业技能架构的条件及职业技能内容的分析,提出地方高校物流管理本科专业职业技能培养定位应取决于人才培养方案的定位,并在此基础上探讨了职业技能的培养路径。