论房产税的公平、效率及政策

要客观全面地分析我国房产税在实现公平和效率方面的效应。为了使房产税体现公平、效率原则,需要处理好土地出让金与房产税的关系,合理选择征税方式,调整涉及房地产的税收结构,合理确定房产税征收范围、减免优惠和计税依据,搞好房产评估,并优化房产税税率。     

房产税纳税筹划探析

房产税是以房屋为征税对象，按房屋的计税余值或租金收入为计税依据，向产权所有人征收的一种财产税。随着经济的发展，几乎每一个企业都会涉及到缴纳房产税，所以其税收筹划也显得尤为重要。房产税的特点一是房产税属于财产税中的个别财产税，其征税对象只是房屋；二是征收范围限于城镇的经营性房屋；三是根据房屋的经营使用方式规定不同的征税办法：对于自用的房产按房产计税余值征收；对于出租、出典的房产按租金收入征税。故纳税筹划思路可分为：降低房产原值的纳税筹划、降低租金收入的纳税筹划、利用税收优惠进行纳税筹划及计征方式选择的纳税筹划。     

我国房地产税制分析与改革建议

文章依据国家税务总局网站的法规库对我国当前的房地产税制作了一次梳理。在已有文献的基础上,对我国房地产税制作了进一步的分析,指出在房地产开发销售环节存在重复征税,在保有环节上房产税的从价计征和从租计征存在固有缺陷,中外两套税制税负轻重需要具体分析。建议对房地产在开发销售环节征收增值税,在保有环节征收统一的房地产税,并以房地产的评估额作为计税依据。     

我国现行房产税改革与实践探讨

当前中国房产税出台问题已成为社会焦点问题,尤其是上海、重庆正式颁布房产税实施细则之后,各界更是众说纷纭.本文将从我国征收房产税的现状、房产税实施面临的难题、征收房产税对我国房价的影响以及推进我国房产税改革的建议等方面进行论述.     

浅谈房产税改革

在房地产行业飞速发展的当下,征收房产税有助于房产的管理,提高房产的使用效率,促进房地产行业的健康发展.然而就目前来看,房地产税在执行过程中存在一些问题,如房产税征收范围较小,房产税计税与房租价格上涨幅度不相符等,这些问题的存在对房地产行业的发展有着重大影响,故此,必须对当前的房地产税进行改革.本文就房地产税改革进行了相关的分析.     

对于我国征收房产税的新思路

我国的房市现状已引起国家高度重视,其与民生密切相关.鉴于其现状的分析,说明我国征收房产税已迫在眉睫,以及征收房产税的重大意义.并对我国将要实施的房产税提出一些级计征方法上的建议.以期待我国房市现状得到改观,走上正轨.     

房产税改革试点中存在的问题和改进措施

2011年1月28日,我国开始在上海、重庆两市试点征收房产税。两年多来,试点政策在取得成效的同时,也逐步显现了一些问题。通过对我国在上海、重庆市试点征收房产税现状的研究,提出了当前房产税试点征收中存在的问题及如何有效促进房产税征收的改进措施。     

对我国房产税改革的几点思考

随着我国房地产业的蓬勃发展,客观上对房产税改革提出了新的要求.上海、重庆的一年多的改革试点也没有达到预期收效.针对各界人士关注争议的焦点,笔者从开征房产税的意义、征收范围、计税依据、税率、征管方式等方面,结合上海、重庆的改革试点,提出改革的想法和思路,为房产税的试点扩大和全面征收抛砖引玉、集思广益.     

浅析基于财产税下的房产税改革问题

通过房产税在沪渝两地的试点效果分析,提出了我国房产税在征税范围、税率形式、计税依据、税收优惠政策等方面的改革设想,以及在房产税改革过程中必须要解决好的几个问题.     

对于我国房产税试点改革以及后续扩围的思考

本文从房产税改革的必要性以及对个人征收房产税的作用等角度出发,结合房产税试点以来引发的一些问题,寻求相应的改进措施,并对房产税改革的后续扩围进行思考,希望对房产税制的优化能有所启发,以达到税收的横向以及纵向公平.     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

西部地区人力资本投资与知识化发展

人力资本投资在推动知识化发展的过程中存在自增强机制，通过促进人力资本保值增值，进行人力资源合理配置，改善配置环境和配置政策、完善配套措施，有助于充分发挥这一机制的功能，从而实现西部地区知识化发展。     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.     

Inter-enterprise arrears in economies in transition

In the context of economies in transition, the paper argues that an excessive liquidity squeeze could throw the economy into a persistent state of low economic activity. In such bad equilibrium, enterprise transactions become largely demonetized, with a chain of arrears, a form of involuntary credit, spreading over the entire system. The empirical analysis of the Romanian experience seems to support the view advanced in the paper.