爱伊河水环境容量与水体自净能力研究

爱伊河的补水水源主要为农田灌溉排水,水体逐渐呈现富营养化趋势。选取总氮、氨氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数及五日生化需氧量作为代表性水质指标,采用一维水质模型估算爱伊河水环境容量,同时分析计算爱伊河水体自净率及其与主要影响因素的相关系数。结果表明:爱伊河对高锰酸盐指数、五日生化需氧量的容量空间较大,对氨氮、总磷有一定的容量空间,对总氮的容量空间最小,甚至超出爱伊河的负载能力;生物净化在爱伊河水体自净中起主要作用,五日生化需氧量、总磷主要由水生植物和异养细菌降解,总氮主要由异养细菌降解,氨氮主要由浮游植物降解;水温、溶解氧、p H值是影响爱伊河水体自净能力的主要水环境因子。     

漳泽水库水体自净规律及能力研究

根据漳泽水库2007年1月和8月的水质监测资料统计分析,对漳泽水库水体自净规律和能力进行了深入的研究、计算出主要污染物在漳泽水库的自净率,为进一步研究其水质变化规律,制定水污染防治对策、确定主攻目标,提供科学依据。     

澜沧江漫湾电站拦沙能力评估

澜沧江干流水文控制站旧州站和戛旧站分别是漫湾水库入库和出库水文站,在水库蓄水前已有28年(1965-1992)同步泥沙观测资料,并且两站年输沙序列具有很好的相关关系,建立此相关关系模型,根据水库蓄水后旧州站逐年输沙量,利用出、入库站在蓄水前建立的相关模型,推求出戛旧站1993-2003年假定未受水库蓄水影响的年输沙量,并与年实测输沙量相减,在不考虑其他环境因素影响情况下,其差值可视为漫湾库区的年淤积量;同时,利用戛旧水文站在漫湾电站建设前后的多年平均输沙量的差值,估算漫湾大坝的拦沙量。分析表明:漫湾大坝的年总拦沙量约为(26.9~28.5)×106t;运行11年共拦截泥沙(295.9~313.5)×106t,年拦沙造成的库容损失约为(20.7~21.9)×106m3,至2003年,共损失库容约(227.6~241.2)×106m3,占漫湾总库容的21.5%~22.8%。研究结果可为评估大坝的拦沙能力和环境变化对大坝的生态影响提供初步依据,对漫湾电站运行调度具有一定的参考价值。更可靠的结论,有待于对库区水下地形测量和对比变化分析。     

汾河临汾城区段蓄水美化工程建设特点及工程措施

汾河临汾城区段蓄水美化工程位于汾河下游，针对发生中小洪水机率高、河道水质差、水源缺乏、河床易冲刷且渗漏严重等特点，采取了分槽泄洪、排污、桩柱抗冲、高喷防渗、多种水源补水等措施。     

湖北汉江流域水资源承载力研究

以湖北汉江流域为研究区域,构建了区域水资源承载力评价指标体系,并运用动态因子分析法对该流域9个湖北城市的2006年-2010年水资源承载力进行了定量评价研究。结果显示:研究期内,湖北汉江流域水资源承载力呈现较明显的区域差异特征:武汉市的水资源承载力的综合水平在区域内处于领先地位;神农架林区、襄阳市、孝感市和仙桃市平均综合排名相对靠前,均为正值;荆门市、天门市、十堰市和潜江市平均综合得分均为负值,排名较靠后。总体上,湖北汉江流域水资源承载力发展态势不容乐观,应积极采取相应措施提高各地区及整体的水资源承载力状况,从而促使水资源、社会、经济可持续稳定发展。     

斗晏水库水质预测及评价

在实地调查和监测斗晏水库流域内水质及污染源现状的基础上,根据访水库的具体情况,采用相应的数学模式和类比分析方法对水库的水质状况作出了预测和评价。     

三峡工程施工期坝下游河段水质评价与自净规律研究

首先在三峡工程施工期源调查的基础上进行了坝下游河段水质现状的评价，结果表明三峡工程施工期对下游长江干流水质没有显著性影响。再根据坝下游三斗坪河段长期水质监测资料进行了水质年际变化规律的研究，结论是该河段水质年均值没有明显的趋势性变化规律，最后根据秭归县泄滩乡清水溪的一次突发性污染水团的追踪监测资料，利用水环境污染反总理２模型和反演算法研究了三峡工程坝区下游河段水体的自净规律，说明该河段水体自净能力     

汾河水库水质调查与评价

本文通过对汾河水库上游污染源的调查及水库水质及富营养化状况的分析，指出了总磷污染是影响水库水质的主要因素，而富营养化是水库用水功能的主要障碍，并提出了几点消减营养物质的建议。     

宁东能源化工基地供水工程鸭子荡水库黄河引水水质分析研究

鸭子荡水库是宁东能源化工基地的命脉工程,承担着为基地工业、生态、生活提供用水的大任,其安全与正常运行关系着宁东乃至宁夏经济的健康发展。文章研究了鸭子荡水库运行水质情况,分析了水库水温、浊度、pH值、COD、氨氮等指标,为鸭子荡水库后期蓄水运行方案的制定、二期水厂水处理工艺选择、消毒方案选择等提供了依据,可为黄河银川都市圈西线、东线供水工程等类似取水工程提供技术指导及借鉴,意义重大。     

珠江三角洲网河水质模拟研究

建立了珠江三角洲网河区包括西江、北江、东江及珠江三角洲主要水道的一维网河水质模型,并完成模型的调试、率定和验证工作,在此基础上采用模型对珠江三角洲区域内各条主要河流污染物浓度的分布及其变化规律（包括COD、 NH3-N等）进行了模拟研究,研究表明：枯水期的污染物浓度及分布范围要明显大于平水期。     

尔王庄水库水质分析及改善措施

介绍了尔王庄水库水质现状,通过对影响水库水质要素的分析,研究出水库水质自净规律,提出了用生态方法改善水质的措施,为科学改善水库水质提供了重要依据。     

Water quality changes and effects on fish populations in the hanjiang river,china, following hydroelectric dam construction

Since its completion in 1973 the Danjiangkou Dam has markedly changed downstream flows, water levels, temperatures, sediment loads and other water quality characteristics in downstream reaches of the Hanjiang River. There have been changes in the growth, spawning behaviour and overwintering condition of local fish populations, in the composition and abundance of food organisms and in the composition of the commercial fish catch. Despite the changed environment and the absence of a fish pass, fish populations are still able to grow and spawn under the new regime. Where conditions are like those of the Hanjiang River, dams may not necessarily have calamitous consequences for fishery production.     

南水北调丹江口大坝加高工程施工技术

丹江口大坝加高工程,是南水北调中线工程的关键性、控制性、标志性的龙头工程。该工程规模大、难点多,其采用的新老混凝土结合技术、大体积混凝土及薄层混凝土拆除技术、水下金结埋件检测与修复技术、高水头下的帷幕灌浆技术等施工技术措施,可为老化和病害水工混凝土建筑物的修复和改造提供可供借鉴的经验。     

山西省水土保持治沟骨干坝工程管理系统的开发

办公自动化是提高机关工作质量和效率的重要途径，本文主要介绍用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ语言开发《山西省水土保持治沟骨干坝工程管理系统》的经验和体会。     

大桥水库混凝土面板堆石坝的施工与质量控制

大桥水库混凝土面板堆石坝高93m,是四川省已建成的最高的混凝土面板堆石坝,大坝填筑总量达198万m^3,面板面积为30111m^2。大坝填筑包括坝基清理及坝体填筑两部分。混凝土面板施工分两期．采用无轨滑模。趾板混凝土浇筑后．进行了固结灌浆和帷幕灌浆。在施工质量方面,确定了控制标准及质量保证体系,并在施工中发挥了积极作用。     

柳江柳州段水环境容量研究

对柳江河新圩至窑埠段的污染源和水质进行了同步监测。根据同步监测资料 ,对水质降解系数进行了率定 ;采用完全混合系统水环境容量计算公式 ,计算了柳江河新圩至窑埠段的COD和氨氮两项指标的水环境容量值 ,并对计算结果进行了分析。在水环境容量计算结果的基础上 ,提出了柳江河新圩至窑埠段水环境保护的措施和建议。     

赣江南昌河段水质评价

用赣江南昌段1987—1990年实测水质参数,采用均值型指数法,对南昌河段水环境质量进行评价。     

全国水质监测规划概述

水质监测是水资源管理与保护的重要基础。目前我国水资源紧缺,水污染严重,水质监测提供的水质信息显得尤为重要。加上新《水法》的颁布实施,对水质监测工作提出了明确的、更高的要求,因此,加强水资源管理与保护工作需要水质监测超前发展,而水质监测规划是推进水质监测事业持续发展的依据。通过对水质监测站网、能力建设、技术体系等方面的规划,预计2010年将实现站点优化布局,实现水质自动监测。     

Sediment flux from Lesser Zab River in Dokan Reservoir: Implications for the sustainability of long‐term water resources in Iraq

Prudent management of Iraqi water resources under climate change conditions requires plans to be based on actual figures of the storage capacity of existing reservoirs. With the absence of sediment flushing measures, the actual storage capacity of Dokan Reservoir (operated since 1959) has been affected by the amount of sediment delivered during its operational life leading to an undetermined reduction in its storage capacity. In consequence, there has not been an update on the dam's operational storage capacity curves. In this research, new operational curves were established for the reservoir based on a recent bathymetric survey undertaken in 2014. The reduction in reservoir capacity during the period between 1959 and 2014 was calculated by the mean of the difference between the designed storage capacity and the storage capacity which was concluded from the 2014 bathymetric survey. Moreover, the rate of sediment transported to the reservoir was calculated based on the overall quantities of accumulated sediment and the water discharge of the Lesser Zab River into the reservoir. The results indicate that the dam capacity is reduced by 25% due to sedimentation of an estimated volume of 367 million cubic metres at water level 480 m.a.s.l. The annual sedimentation rate was about 6.6 million cubic metres, and the sediment yield was estimated to be 701.2 t?km^?3?year.     

Water Quality Assessment of the Santiago River and Attenuation Capacity of Pollutants Downstream Guadalajara City,Mexico

The Santiago River in Mexico has been seriously polluted because of rapid urbanization and industrialization activities, lacking of appropriate planning and contamination monitoring policies. This research characterized the river water quality and recognizes some overall pollution sources, using two different information references: a dataset of 5 years from the Jalisco State Water Commission and a 14‐year dataset from the National Water Commission. Two zones have been identified as the main sources of pollution (hotspots), where the major events of urban and industrial wastewater discharges occur: (i) the urban fringe of Guadalajara city, with special emphasis in its southern area (nearby the so‐called El Ahogado stream) and (ii) downstream of Guadalajara City. Nevertheless, we have recognized some areas along the Santiago River where significant reduction of pollutants concentration takes place, possibly due to dilution by the inflow of tributaries and to the rainfall increasing. In addition, it is likely that hydropower dams are positively influencing the retention of pollutants along the river. In the lower zone, the water concentrations of O₂ are consistently above acceptable levels (up to 5 mg L^?1), and the majority of the pollution indicators parameters are below the maximum permissible values, despite the high pollution in Guadalajara area. This paper attempts to offer a methodological approach for a more accurate assessment of the river water quality and may assist in interpreting the sampling results derived from the regular monitoring, conducted by the state water authorities, while emphasizing the natural attenuation capacity of the Santiago River. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.