正式与非正式知识搜索、知识属性与产品创新

基于正式、非正式搜索的视角,以217家浙江中小型制造企业为样本,研究外部知识搜索对产品创新绩效的影响机制。实证结果表明：正式和非正式搜索对产品创新绩效均具有显著的正向影响,而知识缄默性正向调节正式搜索和产品创新绩效之间的正向关系,负向调节非正式搜索与产品创新绩效之间的正向关系;技术复杂性负向调节非正式搜索与产品创新之间的关系。上述发现确认了外部知识搜索在中小企业创新活动中的重要作用,同时也从知识属性角度识别了影响外部知识搜索效能的重要情境条件。     

知识嵌入性、企业知识能力与创新绩效的影响机理研究

本文试图从知识嵌入性视角来分析企业知识能力对企业创新绩效的影响,构建知识嵌入性——企业知识能力——企业创新绩效的研究模型,并进行实证研究。结果表明企业知识嵌入与企业知识能力成正相关的作用,有利于提升企业知识管理能力,此外,企业可从企业的知识嵌入性和企业知识能力两方面着手来提升企业创新绩效。     

中国中小企业知识搜索策略决定因素研究

在知识经济和信息化高速发展的今天,外部知识搜索已经成为企业创新一股新鲜的血液,外部知识源对创新绩效的影响不容置疑,什么因素会影响企业外部知识搜索行为却很少有学者去关心,而这个在现实中对创新绩效也会有间接影响.     

知识网络嵌入性对企业创新能力的影响研究——基于组织学习的中介作用

从社会网络视角探讨开放式创新下知识网络嵌入性的内涵及其测度,进而提出知识网络结构嵌入性及知识网络关系嵌入性对企业创新能力影响机制的概念模型和基本假设。通过对139家企业问卷调查和实证分析,结果发现:知识网络结构嵌入性中的知识网络规模和知识网络中心性及知识网络关系嵌入性中的知识网络关系强度和知识网络关系质量对企业创新能力有显著的积极影响;组织学习在知识网络结构嵌入性与企业创新能力之间起部分中介作用,在知识网络关系嵌入性与企业创新能力之间起完全中介作用。     

跨国公司嵌入对物流产业集群本土企业创新绩效的影响

本文通过对288家物流产业集群本土企业进行问卷调查,运用结构方程模型验证了跨国公司嵌入对物流产业集群本土企业创新绩效的影响以及知识共享的中介作用。研究结果表明:跨国公司关系嵌入能够促进物流产业集群本土企业创新绩效,而隐性知识共享在这个过程中起到部分中介作用;跨国公司认知嵌入并不直接影响物流集群本土企业物流创新绩效,而是通过隐性知识共享的完全中介作用实现;跨国公司结构嵌入和显性知识共享对物流产业集群本土企业创新绩效的影响并不显著。研究明确了跨国公司嵌入对物流产业集群本土企业创新绩效的影响及其机制,对于我国物流产业集群提升创新绩效提供了一定的指导。     

认知、组织邻近性对集群企业创新绩效的影响研究

目前我国对产业集群创新绩效的研究主要集中在知识溢出、集群网络结构、互动学习等方面。本文从邻近性这个视角进行分析,同时引入外部知识获取这一中介因素,更加深入地研究了组织邻近性对集群创新绩效的影响机制和过程,探索了邻近性、外部知识获取和集群创新绩效三者之间的关系,并建立了理论研究模型,提出了相关的研究假设。     

企业知识获取路径与产品创新绩效关系研究

基于前人的研究成果,提出了企业获得外部知识的路径,分别讨论了直接的外部知识获取、与外部组织合作以及人员流动对于产品创新的促进作用,建立了外部知识获取路径对企业产品创新绩效影响模型,并提出了相应的理论命题。     

基于知识嵌入性的视角分析企业经济绩效问题

企业生产经营的最终目的是获得良好的经济绩效,而在知识大爆炸的时代,知识对企业经济绩效的贡献作用是巨大的,但如何更好地发挥知识嵌入性作用,减少不必要的资源浪费、降低搜寻及运营成本、减轻机会主义行为、产生知识共享效应、推动经济绩效的提高是一个需要思考的问题。本文将知识嵌入细分为阴性知识嵌入和显性知识嵌入,从知识嵌入企业的各个环节入手,探讨实现知识共享的方法途径,推动企业获得最大化的经济绩效。     

组织嵌入性对农民合作社绩效的影响研究——基于多案例的实证分析

将组织嵌入性划分为结构嵌入性和关系嵌入性两个维度,通过对四家奶农合作社的案例分析,探究组织嵌入性对合作社绩效的影响。案例分析结果表明:合作社组织嵌入性对其经营绩效具有重要影响,组织嵌入性程度越高,合作社经营绩效水平越高。结构嵌入性通过规模收益、价值增值和村社协同三条作用机制提升合作社绩效水平,而关系嵌入性通过内部信任和外部声誉两条作用机制对合作社绩效产生积极的影响。完善合作社内部制度体系、提高合作社纵向协作程度、实现合作社与村庄协同演进和增强合作社外部声誉有助于实现合作社绩效水平的提升。     

企业网络关系嵌入性:强、弱网络联结与创新类型的关系研究

本文探讨了强网络联结和弱网络联结对企业创新绩效的不同影响,解释了企业网络关系嵌入性中存在的理论悖论.本文认为强网络联结促进了隐性知识的转移,有利于开发型创新;弱网络联结促进了显性知识的转移,有利于探索型创新.     

Determinants of knowledge transfer strategy in franchising: integrating knowledge-based and relational governance perspectives

This study presents an integrative model on the franchisor's choice of knowledge transfer strategy by deriving hypotheses from the knowledge-based theory and the relational governance view. First, based on the knowledge-based view, tacitness of system-specific knowledge influences the choice of the knowledge transfer strategy of the franchisor. The higher the degree of tacitness of knowledge, the more knowledge-transfer mechanisms with a high degree of information richness (HIR) are used, such as training, seminars, visits and formal meetings, and the more likely the franchisor chooses a personalization strategy (P-S). Conversely, the lower the degree of tacitness of system-specific knowledge, the more knowledge transfer mechanisms with a low degree of information richness (LIR) are used, such as reports, emails, intranet, databases, and the more likely the franchisor chooses a codification strategy. Second, based on the relational view of governance, trust influences the choice of knowledge transfer strategy of the franchisor. If trust reduces relational risk, more trust reduces the franchisor's use of HIR-knowledge transfer mechanisms and increases the franchisor's use of LIR-knowledge transfer mechanisms. If trust increases knowledge-sharing between the network partners, it increases the franchisor's use of both HIR- and LIR-knowledge-transfer mechanisms. The hypotheses are tested by using data on the use of the P-S in the Austrian franchise sector. The data provide some support for the hypotheses. A new model on the franchisor's choice of knowledge transfer strategy, using knowledge-based theory and relational view of governance is developed, and specifically, the knowledge-based view of Windsperger and Gorovaia [(2011). Knowledge attributes and the choice of knowledge-transfer mechanisms in networks: The case of franchising. Journal of Management and Governance, 15(4), 617–640] is extended by considering trust as additional explanatory variable of the knowledge-transfer strategy.     

How social capital and knowledge affect innovation

This research analyzes the effects of interorganizational links on radical innovation using a comprehensive framework that integrates three research streams: social capital, the knowledge-based view and innovation. Incorporating data from 143 companies of innovative manufacturing and service industries, our results show that while knowledge complexity per se exerts a clear influence on radical innovation, the effect of knowledge tacitness appears only in combination with social capital. Similarly, the mere existence of strong cooperation agreements (relational social capital) does not guarantee more radical innovations, only when combining high levels of social capital with tacit knowledge does this antecedent produce more radical innovation.     

Knowledge management,relational learning,and the effectiveness of innovation outcomes

This paper proposes a conceptual model to test the moderating effect of relational learning on the link between knowledge strategies and innovation. To accomplish this, this study is carried out on healthcare organizations. It has been generally accepted that both explicit and tacit knowledge play a basic role in organizational innovation. However, although there are plenty of research works that study the existing relationship between knowledge management (KM) and the effectiveness of the innovation process, there are certain peculiarities with regard to this link, which have yielded some inconclusive results. This paper revisits this research topic with data on KM, relational learning and innovation outcomes from a sample of Spanish hospitals. The results show that a deep and broad knowledge base leads to better innovation outcomes. In addition, this study found that hospitals and/or units that invest and involve themselves in relational learning mechanisms are more likely to foster innovations.     

From local to global innovation: The role of subsidiaries’ external relational embeddedness in an emerging market

This study examines factors that influence the development and transformation of local innovations into global innovations from an emerging market subsidiary. We argue that subsidiaries’ relational embeddedness with the external local network is essential for the development of local innovations. Turning local innovations into global ones is the result of the level of innovativeness evoked by the subsidiary located in an emerging market. However, the transformation of local into global innovations is more likely to happen in the case of subsidiaries having previous reverse knowledge transfers in functional areas. Reverse knowledge transfers indicate internal embeddedness, which is essential for local innovation to be transformed into global innovation. We draw on survey evidence from 131 foreign subsidiaries operating in Brazil. Using a Structural Equation Modeling technique, our results support our hypotheses and show that subsidiaries’ relational embeddedness with the external local network is positively associated with local innovation, which is transformed into global innovation, especially when innovation is developed in the subsidiary´s functional areas with previous reverse knowledge transfers. We draw implications for the field of subsidiary management research, specifically to understand the role of local innovation from foreign subsidiaries in emerging markets.     

Knowledge transfer in the context of buyer–supplier relationship: An analysis of a supplier's customer portfolio

In the context of buyer–supplier relationship, the present study will not only analyse the role of formal and informal mechanisms to transfer knowledge but also the direct and moderating effect of trustworthiness, as relational dimensions, to understand how customers acquire knowledge from suppliers. The results related to a sample of 105 customers belonging to a medium-sized Italian manufacturer's customer portfolio show that both formal and informal transfer mechanisms positively impact knowledge acquisition. Trustworthiness positively moderates the effect of informal transfer mechanisms and negatively moderates the effect of formal transfer mechanisms on knowledge transfer. Some considerations regarding the customer portfolio are suggested to enhance our understanding of the effectiveness of knowledge transfer mechanisms in relation to different trustworthiness contexts.     

How socialization tactics affect supplier-buyer co-development performance in exploratory and exploitative projects: The mediating effects of cooperation and collaboration

Drawing on prominent theories of innovation and interorganzational relationship paradigms, this research identifies exploration-exploitation, one of the innovation characteristics of co-development projects, as a boundary condition for the effects of formal and informal socialization tactics on co-development performance. The results suggest that formal socialization tactics enhance co-development performance in exploitative innovation projects, while informal socialization tactics facilitate co-development performance in exploratory innovation projects. Moreover, the research firstly introduces cooperation and collaboration to interpret the mediating mechanisms underlying the relationships above. The findings indicate that cooperation mediates the effect of formal socialization tactics on co-development performance of exploitative projects, whereas the influence of informal socialization tactics on co-development performance of exploratory projects is mediated by collaboration. Based on the results, this research provides practical guidelines for managers who are considering how to employ appropriate socialization tactics to facilitate performance in a setting of co-development.     

Trust,Decision Rights Delegation,and Performance—The Case of Franchising

Previous research has not examined the relationship between trust, decentralization, and franchisor performance. Complementary to the literature on autonomy and relational governance from franchisees’ perspective, this study focuses on the franchisor's perspective on the impact of decentralization and trust on performance. Consistent with the embeddedness view, the results show that trust is a facilitator of decentralization in franchise networks, thereby increasing the positive performance effect of decision rights delegation. Overall, the study offers a new perspective on the relationship between formal governance—through decision rights allocation—and trust as a relational variable in interorganizational networks.     

Innovation generation in upstream and downstream business relationships

The purpose of this article is to examine the phenomenon of innovation generation in a firm's upstream and downstream business relationships. The study considers the role of knowledge redundancy and relational embeddedness on the generation of radical and incremental innovations. The study further considers the moderating role of complexity and globalization on the link between the independent variables and innovation generation. By deriving several theoretically sound and managerially useful propositions, this research advances knowledge in the business-to-business and innovation generation domains and offers insights for managerial practice.     

企业集群中知识溢出的途径分析

在企业集群内部,知识溢出是集群内企业技术创新的关键要素之一,它可以为企业的技术创新提供强大动力。企业集群知识溢出途径主要有四种,分别是供应商与客户关系、正式或非正式的合作研发、企业间人才的流动以及创业和衍生企业。在进行企业集群组织和制度设计时,需要综合考虑影响知识溢出的因素,以提高企业集群中知识传播的效率,提高企业的技术创新速度和水平。