第三方物流的利益机制分析

第三方物流为企业的物流决策提供了可能的选择。但是,对于企业来说,利益机制是其进行决策分析的最重要基础。通过对企业盈利能力的分析,可以看到,企业获得较高的盈利,是建立第三方物流合作的长久基础。     

第三方物流及其风险分析

第三方物流 ,即物流外包 ,是一种创新的物流管理模式 ,是未来物流发展的方向。第三方物流的实质是企业和物流服务商之间的一种“委托—代理”关系。由于委托方和代理方之间存在着信息不对称、信息扭曲 ,以及市场环境变化的不确定性 ,导致企业在实施物流外包过程中存在种种风险 ,研究第三方物流的风险 ,制定企业进行物流外包相应的政策     

Consumer safety in Greece: An analysis of the Consumer Protection Act 1991

In September 1991 the Greek Consumer Protection Act No. 1961 was enacted. Chapter 2 of this Act establishes a legal framework for product safety. This framework has the dual aim of securing deregulation in the Greek market while maintaining effective consumer protection. This paper analyses the main features of this framework and demonstrates its inadequacies. It also investigates the extent to which these inadequacies could jeopardise an effective protection of consumers' interests. The paper concludes by emphasising that effective protection of consumers can only be achieved by supporting the general safety requirement with adequate accident-surveillance systems, mechanisms for investigation of risks, unambiguous risk-assessment criteria, creation of a comprehensive set of supporting standards that offer a high level of protection, effective control of the safety of products by the authorities, and real possibilities for consumer organisations to participate in the whole process.

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Zusammenfassung Die Sicherheit des Verbrauchers in Griechenland: eine Analyse des Verbraucherschutzgesetzes von 1991 Im September 1991 trat das griechische Verbraucherschutzgesetz in Kraft. Kapitel 2 des Gesetzes führt einen rechtlichen Rahmen für die Sicherheit von Produkten ein. Dieser Rahmen verfolgt das Ziel der Deregulierung auf dem griechischen Markt bei zugleich wirksamem Verbraucherschutz. Der Beitrag analysiert die wesentlichen Aspekte dieses Rahmens und stellt seine Schwächen dar. Er prüft, inwieweit diese Schwächen einem wirksamen Verbraucherschutz entgegenstehen können, und hebt hervor, da\ wirksamer Verbraucherschutz nur durch Stärkung der allgemeinen Sicherheitsbestimmungen erreicht werden kann. Dafür sind erforderlich ein angemessenes Unfallüberwachungssystem, Regelungen für die Untersuchung von Risiken, eindeutige Kriterien für die Bewertung von Risiken, die Entwicklung umfassender Kriterien zur Gewährleistung eines hohen Schutzniveaus, die wirksame Kontrolle der Produktsicherheit durch die Behörden, sowie für die Verbraucherorganisationen die faktische Mitwirkungsmöglichkeit an der gesamten Entwicklung.

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George Argiros, a member of the Athens Bar Association, is at present researching in the field of EC Law and Consumer Protection at the University of Leicester, Faculty of Law, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.     

The FTC's Public Interest Requirement: An Anomoly in Consumer Protection*

Proposals for consumer class actions and individual law suits have been considered by Congress during its last two sessions. Both bills sponsored by the administration condition recovery by the consumer upon successful completion of action by the FTC. FTC action, under these proposals, would be an absolute prerequisite to private recovery. Since private recovery is made to depend upon FTC action, the jurisdiction of the Federal Trade Commission becomes critical in determining whether or not a consumer will be entitled to relief. The “Public Interest Requirement” has long been viewed by the courts as a limitation upon Commission Jurisdiction. Thus, if the administration proposals are adopted, that requirement will have to be satisfied before individual consumer recovery will be available. This article seeks to identify the elements of the public interest requirement. Both judicial opinions and the Commission's criteria are considered and evaluated.     

餐饮连锁企业的第三方物流模式分析

随着我国改革开放和经济的快速发展,餐饮业发展飞速,快餐连锁业尤为突出,其中以麦当劳为代表的西式快餐连锁企业更是占据了相当大的市场分额。对于餐饮连锁企业,物流的作用非同一般。本文通过对麦当劳的第三方物流模式进行分析,总结经验为我国餐饮连锁业发展加以借鉴。     

The Desired Qualities of Customer Contact Employees in Complaint Handling Encounters

This paper explores the nature of complaint satisfaction with a particular emphasis on the qualities and behaviours that affect customers during the personal complaint handling encounter. The paper reviews the literature on complaint satisfaction and the role of the contact employee in the complaint encounter. An empirical study using the means-end approach and the paper-and-pencil version of the laddering technique provides a deeper understanding of attributes of effective customer contact employees and reveals the underlying benefits that complainants look for. The research indicates that complainants want contact employees to give positive nonverbal signals, to have sufficient product (service) knowledge and the authority to handle their problems adequately. They also want employees to be willing to try hard and spare no effort. Customers think that if employees take them seriously, this will lead to a problem solution and feelings of satisfaction. The paper concludes with suggestions to managers to introduce and improve active complaint management and reviews the limitations of the research method.     

An Assessment of Consumer Protection and Consumer Empowerment in Costa Rica

The present exploratory study aims to describe and assess Costa Rica’s regime for protecting and empowering consumers. As the general framework, this study used research conducted in the USA, in Europe—specifically studies conducted by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) partners—and studies sponsored by the European Union (EU) in Central America. This paper, however, is not intended to provide an exhaustive analysis or to answer all questions and issues related to consumer protection in Costa Rica; rather, it is to identify the main components of the consumer protection framework, its strategies, consumer redress mechanisms, remedies, and consumer protection challenges faced by the country. The last section outlines a conclusion and presents recommendations for improvement.     

西部内陆城市第三方物流市场分析

当东部沿海城市大力建设第三方物流基地之际 ,西部内陆城市的第三方物流还处于起步阶段。但从对物流市场的分析来看 ,西部地区第三方物流是有很大发展潜力的 ,特别是西部大开发更为西部内陆城市的物流发展提供了有利条件。西部内陆城市 ;第三方物流 ;环境威胁分析 ;信息管理系统     

消费者权益保护的契约分析--从消费契约不完全性视角的研究

市场经济就是一种契约经济，消费者和生产经营者者之间的交易关系本质上就是一种契约关系，消费者权益也都是通过消费契约来界定的．但消费契约又是不完全的，通过消费契约对消费者权利的界定也就不可能是完全的。对于契约（明确的和默认的契约）已经界定的权利来说，消费者权益保护的中心就是契约的有效履行问题；对于契约没有界定的权利来说，消费者权益保护问题的关键就是剩余权利公正合理地配置问题。     

自营物流与第三方物流——企业的物流策略选择分析

当前市场竞争日益加剧 ,物流已成为企业取得竞争优势的关键环节 ,第三方物流则以其明显的优越性而成为企业现代物流管理的主流模式。而我国企业大多数采取的是自营物流形式 ,为了更有效地发挥企业核心专长业务的竞争优势 ,必须使自营物流向第三方物流转换 ,才能使企业回归主业。     

Economics of Consumer Protection: Contributions and Challenges in Estimating Consumer Injury and Evaluating Consumer Protection Policy

Journal of Consumer Policy - The author examines the role of economics in consumer protection, drawing from her experience at the U. S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which has a dual mandate to...     

第三方物流与第四方物流发展的比较分析

文章指出,第三方物流与第四方物流在侧重点、服务功能、合作目标及资产性质等方面存在很大差异.第四方物流通过提供一个全方位的供应链管理解决方案来满足企业面临的广泛而复杂的需求.它关注供应链管理的各个方面,既提供持续更新与优化的技术方案,又能满足不同客户的独特需求,突破了单纯发展第三方物流的局限性,能真正实现低成本、高效率与实时运作,实现最大范围的资源整合.第三方物流缺乏跨越整个供应链管理、运作及真正整合供应链流程所需的战略与专业技术,而第四方物流可以不受约束地将每个领域的最佳物流提供商组合起来,为客户提供最佳物流服务,进而形成最优物流方案或供应链管理方案,为客户供应链中的每个环节创造价值.由此可见,在未来的物流领域,一部分优秀的第三方物流逐渐发展为第四方物流将成为一种趋势.     

我国第三方物流企业的发展探讨

我国第三方物流刚刚起步,在快速发展的过程中,遇到信息化程度低、基础设施落后、体制性障碍、人才缺乏、服务水平低、资源整合效率不高等主要问题,因此应采取提高信息化水平、服务水平,进行资源的合理整合,改善外部环境等相应对策。     

第三方支付监管中存在问题的博弈分析及对策

近年来,第三方支付行业得到了迅猛的发展,支付机构客户备付金的数量急剧增长,这无疑为该方面的监管带来了难度,人民银行连续颁布文件以指导客户备付金的管理。鉴于文件中人民银行将部分备付金的管理权限授予了商业银行,本文运用博弈模型从人民银行应该采取放权管理还是自行监管的角度分析了支付机构客户备付金的监管策略。通过分析得出,人民银行应从社会负效应、监管成本、处罚力度几个方面进行考虑,以完善备付金的监管,并提出了相应的政策建议。     

基于完善我国消费者权益保障制度的思考——兼评《消费者权益保护法》

为更好的保护消费者合法权益,规范市场主体生产经营行为,构建和谐的消费关系,我国消费者权益保障制度应当与时俱进,大胆吸纳公益诉讼制度;进一步优化完善商品召回制度;承认"职业打假人"的法律地位;强化消费者协会的职能;才有助于在全社会营造出商业诚信文化氛围,最终成为扩大内需,拉动经济持续增长的内在动力。     

第三方物流中委托代理问题的经济分析

第三方物流凭借其优势越来越成为国际物流发展的方向及主流,但这种趋势与我国第三方物流发展却形成巨大的反差。究其缘由,除了发展环境尚待成熟和完善以外,第三方物流中存在委托代理问题没有得到很好的解决是一个重要原因,它使得企业对接受第三方物流服务疑虑重重,成为其发展的重要障碍。因此,必须针对委托代理中的非效率现象(逆向选择,道德风险)找出相应地解决对策。