政府调控房价政策下的银行房地产信贷研究

依据国家统计局、中国人民银行发布的房地产市场以及房地产金融方面的统计资料,对近几年政府调控房价政策下我国房地产开发贷款、个人住房贷款余额变化以及在银行业贷款总额的占比等进行了分析,并对金融机构房地产信贷风险进行了评估。     

Measuring the Importance of Location in House Price Appreciation

This paper examines the variation in the rates of price appreciation within an individual metropolitan market. A methodology is developed to examine the locational variation in house price changes in Dade County (Miami) Florida, from 1971 to 1992. House price appreciation appears to be somewhat spatially related; that is, it varies by municipality, with distance from the CBD, with local changes in population and housing units, and by ethnic mix. However, these relationships have minimal explanatory power. Controlling for the census tract group location of each home explains only around 12% of the (residual) variation in the appreciation of individual homes that is not explained by metropolitan-wide changes in house prices. The effect of tract group location appears to be dominated by the idiosyncratic influences of individual homes and their immediate environments.     

考虑地产价格的多目标物流配送中心选址模型与求解

首先对传统的配送中心选址模型进行改进,引入地产价格因素,以建设投资成本与货物运输费用最小为目标,建立多目标选址模型。其次,利用理想点的适应度计算方法将多目标问题转化为单目标问题进行遗传算法的求解。最后,以某企业在城市的物流配送中心选址为例,对模型进行应用,算例结果验证了模型的实用性与有效性。     

考虑地产价格的多目标物流配送中心选址模型与求解

首先对传统的配送中心选址模型进行改进,引入地产价格因素,以建设投资成本与货物运输费用最小为目标,建立多目标选址模型.其次,利用理想点的适应度计算方法将多目标问题转化为单目标问题进行遗传算法的求解.最后,以某企业在城市的物流配送中心选址为例,对模型进行应用,算例结果验证了模型的实用性与有效性.     

卖方垄断市场结构下的价格管制研究

以价格自由和信息不对称下,垄断厂商的最优销售合同为基准,研究存在价格管制和信息不对称时,垄断厂商的最优销售合同。通过比较价格管制与价格自由两种情况下,垄断厂商最优销售合同及不同类型消费者剩余,发现不同的价格管制不影响垄断厂商的最优销售量和销售客户的决策,但影响不同类型消费者的剩余,产生不同的经济后果。提出政府应根据垄断厂商的定价策略进行相机价格管制的思想。     

房价变动规律性及调控对策研究

房价的变动既是经济问题,更是政治和社会问题的体现.我国房地产业已经成为拉动国民经济发展的重要支柱产业.金融危机爆发后,房价的大幅波动引起了世界各主要国家的高度关注.本丈结合我国房地产业发展的实际,对房价的变动情况、变动规律性及调控对策问题进行了初步探讨.本文提出影响房价变动的十大要素,对各要素与房价这一变量变动的相关性进行了分析研究,以实现前瞻性的指导房地产业健康发展的目的.     

Public Report,Price, and Quality

A monopolist produces a good with two qualities. All consumers have the same valuation of the first quality, but their valuations of the second vary, and are their private information. A public agency can verify qualities, and make credible reports to consumers. In Full Quality Report, the public agency reports both qualities. In Average Quality Report, it reports a weighted average of qualities. The equilibrium prices and qualities in Full Quality Report can be implemented by Average Quality Report. Equilibrium prices and qualities in Average Quality Report give higher consumer surplus than Full Quality Report. Bertrand competition under Average Quality Report yields first‐best prices and qualities.     

Quality of Information and Oligopolistic Price Discrimination

Recent developments in information technology (IT) have resulted in the collection of a vast amount of customer-specific data. As IT advances, the quality of such information improves. We analyze a unifying spatial price discrimination model that encompasses the two most studied paradigms of two-group and perfect discrimination as special cases. Firms use the available information to classify the consumers into different groups. The number of identifiable consumer segments increases with the information quality. Among our findings (1) when the information quality is low, unilateral commitments not to price discriminate arise in equilibrium; (2) after a unique threshold of information precision such a commitment is a dominated strategy, and the game becomes a prisoners' dilemma; and (3) equilibrium profits exhibit a U-shaped relationship with the information quality.     

企业及时生产方式下的仓库选址

通过分析企业JIT生产模式下的库存特点以及传统的企业选址模型，建立了企业JIT生产模式下的企业仓库选址数学模型，并通过实例分析，使该数学模型具有实际应用价值。     

Price and quality decisions under network effects

I analyse monopoly pricing and quality decisions under network effects. High quality premium and low quality punishment are found to depend on how the impact of marginal costs on quality relates to the intensity of the network effect and the optimism of the producer about final demand. More precisely, marginal costs have to be low enough (but not too low) with respect to the intensity of the network effects and/or the optimism about final demand so that higher prices reflect higher quality. A similar conclusion can be drawn about incentives for quality provision, whenever quality is considered endogenous together with price.     

Price Discrimination under Customer Recognition and Mergers

This paper studies the interaction between horizontal mergers and price discrimination by endogenizing the merger formation process in the context of a repeated purchase model with two periods and three firms wherein firms may engage in behavior‐based price discrimination (BBPD). From a merger policy perspective, this paper's main contribution is twofold. First, it shows that when firms are allowed to price discriminate, the (unique) equilibrium merger gives rise to significant increases in profits for the merging firms (the ones with information to price discriminate), but has no ex‐post effect on the outsider firm's profitability, thereby eliminating the so‐called (static) “free‐riding problem.” Second, this equilibrium merger is shown to increase industry profits at the expense of consumers' surplus, leaving total welfare unaffected. This then suggests that competition authorities should scrutinize with greater zeal mergers in industries where firms are expected to engage in BBPD.     

Price dynamics under imperfect information

The paper considers the pricing decision of a monopolist firm having demand and costs exposed to nominal and real shocks which include both permanent and transitory changes. The firm obtains information through both price and quantity signals and the price equation is found by use of a filtering technique. It is shown that imperfect information implies nominal price smoothing where the price adjusts only partially relative to the past price by incorporating new information observed through price and quantity signals.     

产品质量、出口价格与门槛效应

根据异质性企业出口选择理论,只有生产率较高的企业才能跨过出口门槛开展出口;生产率最高的企业价格最低,出口价格与出口门槛正相关。本文研究中国制造业出口价格和出口门槛的关系,发现出口价格与出口门槛可能正相关,也可能负相关;并且结合质量调整价格（quality-adjusted price）模型,对结果进行了解释。研究发现：中国制造业门类中多数是出口价格与出口门槛负相关,二者之间的正负关系取决于企业能力指数。大多数行业处在以低价竞争为主的阶段。同时,本文还对中国出口门槛进行了排序。     

Location decisions and welfare under spatial price discrimination

The welfare effects of regulation are of crucial importance to policy makers. To this end, we present a model of n firms with differentiated costs competing in a linear market within the framework of spatial price discrimination. We prove that the Nash equilibrium locations of firms are always socially optimal irrespective of the number of competitors, the distribution of consumers, firms' cost heterogeneity, the level of privatization, and the number and/or the varieties of the produced goods. We also provide an algorithm on how to find the unique Nash equilibrium in the case of uniformly distributed consumers.     

Quality Level and Price in Turkish Durum Wheat Market

This study has been made to assess the influences and effects of durum wheat quality characteristics on the prices in Turkish durum wheat market. The current prices are determined as the result of the applied analysis, in respect to the quality characteristics of durum wheat. The Turkish durum wheat varieties are compared with the wheat varieties of other countries, from where Turkey is importing durum wheat in respect to the quality characteristics. It has been assessed that hectoliter and glassware are the major factors that have the greatest effect and influence on Turkish durum wheat market in respect to the quality aspects.     

会计信息质量与市场定价分析

本文以应计质量、盈余持续性、盈余可预测性、盈余平滑度作为会计信息质量的代理变量,通过研究会计信息不同纬度的质量与权益资本成本之间的关系,为投资者的市场定价及对信息质量的关注程度提供证据。研究结果表明,除盈余的持续性不显著外,其他各项质量与权益资本成本之间均呈负相关关系;在对权益资本成本的影响程度方面,无论是单独影响还是条件影响,应计质量影响程度最大,其次是可预测性。     

Price and Money-Back Guarantees as Signals of Product Quality

Why is it so common for the seller to provide guarantees that say “Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back” along with the sale of a product? Newly introduced goods and mail-ordered products are usually sold with such guarantees. In honoring money-back guarantees, why is it a common business practice to pay back exactly the purchase price rather than a portion of it? In this paper we study the informational role and optimality of the common business practice of money-back guarantees in a signaling model with quality uncertainty and risk-neutral buyers. We find that money-back guarantees and price together completely reveal a monopoly firm's private information about product quality, Moreover, the private information is revealed at no signaling cost. Furthermore, we show that in terms of the level of monetary compensation specified by a guarantee, price is the profit-maximizing level of monetary payback in case of product failure.     

关于质量管理学的学科定位与学术地位的讨论

1质量管理学在现代科学体系中的定位(1)国家标准《学科分类与代码》(GB/T13745-92)从学科的研究对象、研究方法、派生来源、研究目的、研究目标5个方面,对现代科学体系按一、二、三级学科进行分类和编码。“管理学”(630)为一级学科,其下设有二级学科“企业管理”(630·40),“企业管理”之下再设三级学科“质量管理”(630·4055)。按此国标,笔者将质量管理学在现代科学体系中的位置画成以下简图:(2)国家自然科学基金委员会从科研角度对质量管理学的定位。2000年,国家自然科学基金委员会管理科学部发布《项目指南》,规定管理科学部下设3个…     

两岸药品价格管制的比较研究

药品价格偏高以及医疗费用的膨胀是两岸共同面对的难题,为了减轻患者的医药负担,两岸均对药品价格进行管制.笔者对两岸药品价格管制进行了比较研究.首先是对两岸药品价格管制的体制背景的比较分析,即两岸在医疗卫生体制、医疗保险体制、药品生产与流通体制等领域存在较大差异;然后是对药品价格管制主体、药品管制范围、药品定价原则、药品价格调整等方面,在比较分析的基础上,笔者提出了完善我国大陆药品价格管制政策的若干建议.     

论组合优化出让规制下的地价博弈均衡与对策

作为中国住宅商品重要投入要素的土地,其价格对房价的影响不可小觑,而转型期地方政府有形之手及土地自身固有特性导致的土地市场失灵和地价失效,必须通过政府之手实行价格经济规制再造,以达到市场的理性回归.本文从利益各方地价博弈视角切入,构建中央与地方、地方政府与开发企业间的地价博弈模型,由于利益各方博弈行动相互牵制,纳什均衡结果表明中央政府为了稳定房地产价格须采取组合优化供给地价规制,实现土地市场的平稳发展,而地方政府则退而求其次,采取组合优化出让土地,迎合中央地价规制政策,实现自身目标效用的次优化.在地方政府与企业的土地出让博弈中,唯有采用组合优化土地供给规制方式,加大土地招标出让方式的比重,才能达到规制地价的效果.