采油工程课程设计教学信息管理系统的研发及应用

<采油工程课程设计教学信息管理系统>是基于B/S结构建立的一套适用于采油工程课程设计考核、学生分数统计分析等多功能全面的网上自动化信息管理系统.此系统针对采油工程课程,建立了采油工程课程设计的试题库以及一整套的智能计算,判分规则系统,根据高校采油工程课程设计的实际进展时间,可进行学生网上自主下载试题,试卷自行评判和成绩单查询,成绩报表生成等,实现了现代化的教学方法.     

定柱式旋臂起重机专用CAD系统

该系统基于市场需求———优化设计———参数绘图———数据管理———市场报价的全程CAD理念 ,在软件设计上采用了面向对象的程序设计、模块化设计方法、数据库技术和参数化图形信息处理与管理技术以及ActiveX技术 ;在计算方法上采用基于MDOD算法的优化技术 ;在系统一体化上应用系统集成思想 ,实现设计、绘图、管理软件以及相关信息流的链接和集成。该系统针对定柱式旋臂起重机的特点 ,开发出基于窗口环境下的CAD系统 ,集设计计算、优化分析、参数化绘图于一体 ,实现了参数化设计 ,完全面向对象 ,用户操作简便 ,摆脱了手工设计计算和…     

积极构建有效的培训体系

建立有效的培训体系,加强对员工的培训,从而提升企业业绩,已成为企业界的共识。建立起有效的员工培训体系应从培训需求分析、培训课程设计、培训过程实施和培训效果评估等方面着手工作。     

A Fuzzy AHP Model of Engineering Quality and Performance of Environmental Comprehensive and Integrated Renovation Programs in Guangzhou for the 16th Asian Games

为准确有效评估广州市于2009～2010年实施的迎亚运人居环境综合整治,采用层次分析模糊综合评价方法评估,并建立了由工程实施、经济性、社会性和自然生态性4个一级评价指标和设计水平等14个二级评价指标组成的评价指标体系.分析结果显示广州市迎亚运人居环境综合整治工程质量和效益为良好,但最大隶属度原则在政府主导工程的评价分析中需谨慎使用.     

深水钻井隔水管可靠性研究

深水钻井隔水管是连接海底井口和钻井平台的重要部件,其主要功能是提供井口防喷器与钻井平台之间的泥浆往返通道,支持辅助管线,引导钻具,作为下放与撤回井口防喷器组的载体.隔水管可靠性关系到整个钻井作业的顺利完成,甚至整个钻井平台的安全.建立了深水钻井隔水管连接模式和悬挂模式下的力学分析模型,识别了隔水管系统在不同作业模式下的限制准则;分别进行了连接作业窗口、下放与回收作业窗口、硬悬挂作业窗口和软悬挂作业窗口分析,并建立隔水管系统作业可靠性分析方法;以隔水管疲劳为研究对象,介绍隔水管波激疲劳和涡激疲劳分析方法,建立隔水管综合疲劳寿命及其可靠性分析模型:考虑失效概率和失效后果建立隔水管失效风险矩阵,形成一套深水钻井隔水管完整性管理方案,主要包括风险分析、基于风险的检测及监测和隔水管完整性管理3部分.相关研究成果为隔水管可靠性评估、海上钻完井作业和隔水管完整性管理提供参考,同时也为进一步丰富隔水管规范的组织机构提供参考.     

浅探核电站实物保护系统的评估和应用

本文论述了核电站实物保护系统评估在项目设计和系统运行期间的必要性,着重介绍了路径型及时探测的分析方法.在对单条路径有效性计算评估的基础上,运用形态学分析方法建立核电站入侵路径分析模型,开发了专用评估软件,以假想的麦克阿瑟核能中心为例对实物保护系统三要素探测、延迟、响应进行定量分析.结果表明,路径性及时探测分析方法可有效地评估系统的整体性能.     

模糊综合评判在发动机性能评估中的应用

发动机工作状态的好坏能通过发动机的性能参数反映出来,利用模糊综合评判法对测得参数的相关数据进行处理,然后对被测发动机性能做出综合评估,可提高评判结果的可信度。笔者结合发动机性能测试与评估系统的设计,介绍了模糊综合评判法的原理及其数学模型的建立,阐述了该模型在发动机性能测试与评估系统中的应用,并给出了该测试评估系统的硬件组成以及实现测试评估的软件表述和模块构成。     

裙装廓形变化课程的创新设计

对服装专业课程进行创新设计,新的课程将"服装人体工学"、"服装结构设计"、"服装缝制工艺"专业知识点的系统综合,并给出以裙子为例的典型课程实例。新的课程设计取得良好的教学效果,并有效激发学生的学习兴趣、提高实践能力,形成系统的知识体系。     

涉及多米诺骨牌效应的化工厂火灾救援工作评估

文章采用评估易燃、易爆和有毒影响，以协同事故现场因化学反应引发火灾和爆炸的环境数据、风险频率和物理化学特性，建立综合评估模型套件。该套件还可用于可视化化工厂初始事故中热辐射和爆炸超压造成的多米诺效应引起的火灾和爆炸事故的评估工作。     

卓越计划背景下提高钻井工程课程设计质量的探讨

钻井工程课程设计是帮助学生掌握钻井工程基本理论和方法的重要课程，为提高课程设计质量，培养钻井工程学科的卓越工程师，建立了以问题驱动为核心的课程设计教学模式。新的教学模式通过小组合作、增加现场实际工程问题、设置自主学习关键词和改革评价方法，提升了课程设计的广度和深度，增强了学生的自主学习能力、解决实际问题的能力和创新能力。     

Sustainability awareness in engineering curriculum through a proposed teaching and assessment framework

Engineers play a vital role in enabling the sustainable development of their societies. Thus, it is necessary to teach sustainability in universities, especially for engineering students, for a more sustainable future. The present work aims to measure and enhance engineering students’ awareness of sustainability by monitoring and evaluating learning and student outcomes during the last stages of an engineering curriculum and its culminating major design experience. A questionnaire to assess students’ awareness of sustainability and its tools is implemented. From this empirical study, obstacles to the awareness of sustainability through engineering education are discussed. The analysis of the results of the questionnaire implies the modification of the structure of senior projects and other capstone design courses in order to include a proposed teaching and assessment framework. This framework emphasizes students’ ability to understand and use effective sustainability tools, within the environment of their major design experience. The framework is composed of two paths. The first path concerns course design through which sustainability concepts and methods are included in several course elements. The second path addresses the assessment of the attainment of sustainability objectives by the students.

     

Approximation approach for the performance analysis of production lines under a kanban discipline

In a JIT production environment, pull-type control systems are usually implemented to reduce the lead time and to synchronize the production rate with the demand rate. The design of an effective production control system requires easy and reliable approaches for evaluating the effect of the major system parameters on its performance.In this paper we model the kanban control system of a manufacturing line as a Markov process. In addition, we develop an approximation approach to the model that permits reliable evaluation of manufacturing system performance in terms of throughput time and work-in-process. The validation of the approach is implemented by comparing the exact results (based on discrete event simulation) and the approximated results.A good approximation is observed for a large range of conditions.     

电力电缆实时载流量评估系统设计

为了提高电力电缆的利用率,合理调配电缆的实时负荷,利用实时环境参数监测终端、GPRS数据传输模块和上位机构成了高压电力电缆实时载流量评估系统。并利用DS18B20、风力传感器、土壤温湿度传感器、光照传感器和STM32嵌入式单片机对环境参数进行实时监测,实现了对环境温度、土壤湿度、土壤温度、环境风力、环境光照等参数的实时采集,并利用GPRS数据传输模块将环境参数传送到上位机,利用上位机结合VB6.0和ANSYS编制了高压电力电缆温度场和载流量计算软件,实现了电力电缆参数数据库存储、敷设模式界面化操作、环境参数的实时监测与显示、实时动态载流量的在线计算等功能。计算结果表明,高压电力电缆的实时动态载流量系统能够准确计算出受环境参数影响的高压电力电缆的载流量,提高了计算效率,为电力部门调配电缆的实时负荷提供了依据。     

制度环境、技术复杂度与空间溢出的产业间非均衡性

制度环境作为约束区际互动的因素对于经济空间关联具有不可忽视的影响。本文系统地构建了空间溢出影响产业演化的路径体系,探索制度环境导致空间溢出产业间非均衡性的作用机制,以剖析制度影响区际经济关联的微观基础。基于中国地级地区4位数制造业的实证研究表明,地区间会通过“水平关联”“技术关联”与“投入产出关联”三条路径实现空间溢出,但受到制度环境的调节,较差的制度环境会削弱溢出效应。制度环境通过信任机制影响区际互动,对于不同溢出路径具有差异性的调节作用。技术关联和投入产出关联溢出依赖于企业间的密切互动,显著受到制度环境的调节;水平关联溢出并不一定依赖于企业间互动,受制度环境的调节作用较弱。高技术复杂度产业的发展更加依赖于具有密切技术相关性和投入产出关系的企业间协同机制,因而要求优越的制度环境支持,由此,在制度环境影响下,空间溢出在不同技术复杂度的产业间表现出非均衡性。本文结论暗含“产业促进政策悖论”:致力于促进本地发展的政策很可能因为扭曲制度环境反而成为制约发展的因素。中国推进转型发展与区域协同创新需要降低区际经济互动的交易成本,设计和建设规则透明、信息畅通、政策公平的正式制度是重点之一。     

Extended revenue forecasting within a service industry

Revenue forecasting is an important topic for management to track business performance and support related decision making processes (e.g. headcount or capital expenditure). It focuses on how a business recognises operating revenue, which can differ from the point at which a sales order is won. Whilst there are many publications detailing forecasting theory, in a business context these largely focus on sales order recognition alone.This paper describes the development of a revenue forecasting tool appropriate for service provision. The organisation involved in the development of the revenue forecasting tool will remain anonymous for commercial reasons but will be referred to as “Organisation A”. The targeted outcome was to extend the forecast window from one month to three months with an error rate of no more than ±10%. The tool was required to consolidate supporting data, adopt appropriate analysis/projection techniques and extend the forecast window in a specific and complex business environment.The resulting tool returned high level results that were aligned to the original targets, and was developed with three components using a combination of projection approaches appropriate to the operating environment. Whilst limited to a specific service industry as a trial, the paper provides a useful reference point for revenue forecasting in complex service businesses and provides a basis for further research opportunities for extended revenue forecasting and business analysis approaches within other service industries.     

Two-stage flowshop earliness and tardiness machine scheduling involving a common due window

This paper studies a non-preemptive two-stage flowshop scheduling problem to minimize the earliness and tardiness under the environment of a common due window. The window size and the window location are considered to be given parameters. The just-in-time problem exists naturally and has many practical applications. The problem is shown to be NP-complete in the strong sense. We develop a branch and bound algorithm and a heuristic to solve the problem. We conduct the computational experiments to test the performances of the algorithms. A strong lower bound is derived for the branch and bound algorithm that can efficiently solve 15 jobs problem for about 5 minutes. The heuristic is shown to be efficient and effective, which can solve the problem of 150 jobs for about 20 seconds and provide near-optimal solution. We justify that the heuristic is an excellent solution approach for large problem instances. We also show that four special cases are either polynomial solvable or NP-complete in the ordinary sense.     

The meeting place: Qualitative aspects of product environmental assessment

Quantitative methods for evaluating the environmental impact of products are receiving considerable attention. Software is being developed to enable analysis of many aspects of a product's life cycle—from materials' extraction, through manufacture, to use and disposal. Less attention is being paid to the qualitative aspects of products and their significance in addressing environmental concerns. Here, the argument is made for including qualitative evaluations as an important facet of product environment assessment. Such evaluations are essential if significant progress is to be made in alleviating the adverse environmental effects of products. Combined with quantitative analyses, the two approaches become mutually supportive and, ultimately, inseparable.Qualitative environmental assessments can be applied to existing products and at every stage of the design process. Their adoption within the context of professional practice will be fostered by their inclusion, formulation and discussion within design education. This paper describes the basis and nature of these qualitative judgments, and places the qualitative and quantitative in a unified context which points towards more sustainable ways of living. The use of scenarios is discussed as a tool for academic design projects in order to address the complex relationships which might otherwise seem overwhelming to the design student.     

个人理性与沉没成本悖论

文章放松了新古典经济学条件下沉没成本决策无关性假设前提,进而从真实世界角度阐述沉没成本悖论存在的理性逻辑,从而表明人们很难忽略过去发生的沉没成本,它本身并不能被视为一种悖论或错误行为,甚至是非理性行为,同样也是在约束条件下一种广义理性行为。因此,需要承认沉没成本悖论存在的普遍性,而且还需要采取恰当的非正式和正式制度设计克服沉没成本悖论所带来的负面影响,并不是简单地警告我们不要考虑过去发生的沉没成本,＂让过去的事情过去吧＂的规范结论。因此,不仅需要提高决策者的认识能力,更多需要采取加强沉没成本与风险管理,创造一个良好的市场环境是最为根本的。     

经济与环境协同发展研究——以徐州市为例

本文利用协同理论方法研究了徐州1995—2006年间经济发展与环境之间的协同关系,计算出12年来徐州经济发展和环境的有序度以及它们之间的协同度。通过研究发现,相对于经济系统有序发展而言,环境系统有序度一直是有序度不断波动状态,而二者的协同度也处于不断波动状态。     

Performance evaluation of production systems monitored by statistical process control and off-line inspections

Quality and productivity performance measures are very often considered in separate phases of the production system design process. However, the production system architecture affects the efficiency of the quality control system as well as the quality control configuration has an impact on the performance of the production system.The paper proposes a new analytical method for evaluating the performance of production systems in which statistical process control (SPC) techniques are implemented. Machines behaviour is monitored by measuring quality characteristics of the produced parts through off-line inspection devices and sampling inspections. The numerical results show the good accuracy of the proposed method, provide new insight in the relations among the two areas and pave the way to the joint design of production logistics and quality control systems.