论自由贸易协定对国际经济法律制度的影响

经济全球化为不同地区国家之间建立了经济往来平台,提供了经济合作的机会。在这一背景下自由贸易协定趋势越来越明显,逐渐受到各国的关注。但是从国际法律定位方面来讲,自由贸易协定并不受多边自由贸易法律体系约束,其更偏向于独立存在的状态,对国际经济法律制度产生一定影响。基于此,就其不同方面影响进行详细阐述分析。     

增进共同利益的必然选择——中日双边自由贸易协定的构建分析

在世界经济全球化迅速发展的同时,区域经济一体化也在迅猛发展。2005年12月召开的“第九次东盟和中日韩首脑非正式会议上,坚持不懈地巩固和深化“10 3合作依然成为各方共识。而一向对与中国成立自由贸易区持消极态度的日本政府,近期也变得积极起来。2005年底,日本经济产业大臣二阶俊博在内阁会议上明确表示,要在2010年前与中国签定以FTA为基础的经济合作协定。这与同年5月吴仪副总理访日期间正式提出的“尽快启动中日双边自由贸易区进程相切合。在中日关系依然处于困境,但期望缓和的情况下,如能适时启动中日双边磋商,达成双边自由贸易协定…     

《欧盟--哥伦比亚、秘鲁自由贸易协定》透视 及其对中国的启示

《欧洲联盟及其成员国与哥伦比亚、秘鲁自由贸易协定》内容丰富,在货物与服务贸易、知识产权等方面设置高标准规定的同时,对可持续发展、技术援助及合作等国际新兴议题也有细致条款。该协定还首次开放地方当局采购,设立民间团体对话监督机制。这些举措有助于加快欧盟进军拉美市场的步伐,进一步促进欧盟与安第斯共同体两大区域组织间的经济融合。借鉴和参考其中的特色条文,势必有利于中国自贸协定文本的健全与完善,并为中国的拉美合作战略提供理论基础。     

是阻碍,还是促进——双边自由贸易协定对东亚地区一体化的影响

2006年的6月。似乎一切事物都被“世界杯”的声浪和欢乐所湮没。经济问题也仿佛水滴一样。滴落在“世界杯”的海洋里。其实，火热的6月。依然有一些重要的经济现象和问题值得我们关注。国家9部委果断地出台了“90平米，70％”等六条措施。目的是要“刺穿房地产泡沫”；欧盟又加大了对我国出口产品的反倾销力度．欧盟贸易委员曼德尔森再一次莅临我国；国家统计局4、5月份的统计报告。指出我国对外贸易结构存在突出问题．这些都值得我们悉心加以评论。     

东亚自由贸易的新局面及其对我国的影响与对策

一、东亚自由贸易的新局面 (一)双边自由贸易迅速发展 20世纪90年代末,在世界经济区域化、一体化进入以双边自由贸易为主、多层次自由贸易同时发展的新阶段的情况下,东亚也出现了双边自由贸易迅速发展的新局面.     

亚太经合的新动向:双边自由贸易协定

由于在一些主要问题上的分歧使世界贸易组织的全球贸易谈判屡遭挫折,亚太的主要贸易国家纷纷寻求签订小范围的自由贸易协定。2000年底开始的新加坡与美国之间关于签署双边自由贸易协定的谈判,已成为一个为世人所关注的话题。新美自由贸易协定新美双边经贸关系多年来一直保持了良好的发展态势。美国是新加坡最大的贸易伙伴,是新加坡产品最大的出口市场,也是新加坡第二大(仅次于日本的)进口国。美国还是新加坡制造业最大的外国投资者,超过1200家美国公司在新加坡开展业务,其中许多公司更以新加坡作为它们的区域总部。在美国的对外经贸关系结构     

The canada-U.S. free trade agreement

This article examines the forces that caused Canada and the United States to negotiate the free trade agreement, its principal provisions, the projected welfare gains, and estimated labor adjustments. Focusing on the latter, the impact on manufacturing employment is expected to be positive but small in the United States and negative but small in Canada; with the agriculture and resource sectors losing employment shares in both countries. The impact on services will be negligible in the United States and positive in Canada. Focusing on specific industries, nonferrous metals sector appears vulnerable in the United States, while textiles, clothing, furniture and fixtures, electrical and nonelectrical equipment and machinery, nonmetallic mineral products, and fabricated metal products appear vulnerable in Canada. However, actual job losses could be significantly circumscribed by moderate growth and employee turnover, and within vulnerable Canadian industries, there are pockets of significant strength such as in office furniture and telecommunications equipment.     

东亚地区自由贸易协定的前景探析

近年来,随着区域内的贸易和经济活动在东亚的贸易体系和经济合作中的重要性和影响力的增加,建立多方面优惠的经贸安排,寻求更广阔的经济发展空间,进而建立起东亚自由贸易区的呼声也愈来愈高.本文首先分析了东亚自由贸易协定的发展现状,并分析了当前东亚地区自由贸易协定所面临的主要困难,提出了对东亚地区自由贸易协定发展的建议.     

Free trade agreement and transport service trade

This study investigates the effects of free trade agreements (FTAs) on trade in transport services using OECD data from 2003 to 2006. Our analysis found that FTAs had a positive overall impact on transport services for multiple countries (i.e., 26 home and 56 partner countries). The resulting positive overall impact assures that, even with the challenges associated with different layers of services and the obstacles formed by generally low trade openness in the sector, the provisions in FTAs (e.g., national treatment and market access for goods and services) promote transport service trades. Our findings suggest that the provisions in FTAs encourage economic agents to increase engagement in transport services because of expanded openness of the physical movement of goods across international borders.     

步入平稳增长阶段--中俄贸易发展规模的前景预测

自1999年以来,由于中国经济持续快速发展,以及俄罗斯经济的恢复性增长,中俄两国之间的贸易呈现出快速增长势头,2003年双边贸易额突破150亿美元,创历史最高纪录。2004年俄罗斯总统大选中普京再次获胜,其在新一届任期内所面临的首要任务仍是加速发展经济、提高综合国力。为此     

Trade policy of a free trade agreement in the presence of foreign lobbying

This paper studies the effect of foreign lobbies on trade policy of a country which is a member of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA). It uses a monopolistically competitive political economy model in which the government determines external tariffs endogenously. The effect of foreign lobbying under the FTA is examined empirically using Canadian industry-level trade data that allow differentiating of lobby groups by the country of origin. The analysis suggests that the presence of foreign lobbying has a significant effect on the domestic trade policy. The heterogeneity of foreign lobbies is also important: the presence of an organized lobbying group in an FTA partner country tends to raise trade barriers while an organized lobbying group of exporters from outside of the FTA is associated with less protection.     

The free trade agreement between Mexico and the United States: Financing and investing considerations

Enactment of a free trade agreement between Mexico and the United States will probably increase trade between the two countries. Direct foreign investment and capital market transactions will play a critical role in financing the ever-growing mutual economic interdependence of the two countries. The sustained growth of the Mexican economy is a critical factor in a successful long-term trading relationship. To a certain extent, Mexico's economic health is dependent on U.S. investment in Mexico and in Mexican companies. This article examines certain investing and financing considerations regarding U.S. investment in Mexico. The intent of this study is to make individuals, on both sides of the border, aware of the financial environment in which they are operating. This, in turn, should enhance the opportunities for successful cross-border business activities. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Negotiating free trade

We develop a dynamic bargaining model in which a leading country endogenously decides whether to sequentially negotiate free trade agreements with subsets of countries or engage in simultaneous multilateral bargaining with all countries at once. We show how the structure of coalition externalities shapes the choice between sequential and multilateral bargaining, and we identify circumstances in which the grand coalition is the equilibrium outcome, leading to worldwide free trade. A model of international trade is then used to illustrate equilibrium outcomes and how they depend on the structure of trade and protection. Global free trade is not achieved when the political-economy motive for protection is sufficiently large. Furthermore, the model generates both “building bloc” and “stumbling bloc” effects of preferential trade agreements. In particular, we describe an equilibrium in which global free trade is attained only when preferential trade agreements are permitted to form (a building bloc effect), and an equilibrium in which global free trade is attained only when preferential trade agreements are forbidden (a stumbling bloc effect). The analysis identifies conditions under which each of these outcomes emerges.