探究海外服务贸易自由化市场开发

“技术进步和政策改革的推进使得国际商业服务贸易发展迅速”。国际服务贸易主要指的就是国际服务贸易自由化，是一个国家政府在对外贸易的过程中，尽量减少当地政府的服务和为服务项目进行工作的工作人员、资本和信息等，对国家之间的流动行政进行干涉，对国家之间的对外贸易进行放松管制，这样做的主要原因是因为它可以很好的实现资源的合理、优化配置和促进本国家获取最有益的经济效益。     

知识型服务贸易自由化的经济增长效应及我国发展对策研究

本文通过建立模型研究知识型服务作为中间投入,在没有贸易和贸易自由化下对贸易国经济增长的影响,得出知识型服务贸易自由化是帕累托最优,强调知识型服务贸易的发展及自由化对经济增长的重要影响,能够导致贸易国经济高速稳定的增长率。最后分析世界知识型服务贸易自由化的发展趋势并就加快我国知识型服务贸易的发展提出政策建议。     

贸易自由化对我国国家利益的影响与对策

国家是国际关系的基本行为体，国际贸易是一种特殊的国际关系，国家在国际贸易自由化进程中扮演着极其重要的角色。本文通过在贸易自由化的现实中引入国家利益的视角，实证分析了贸易自由化过程中对我国出口企业的影响。正视国家利益原则，才能有序推进贸易自由化。     

积极应诉,冷静应对国际反倾销壁垒

随着世界贸易自由化的发展,作为新贸易保护主义非关税壁垒主要工具的“反倾销”在贸易保护政策中的地位越来越突出,并日益成为当今世界重要贸易国家和地区的通行政策。     

市场准入交换与发展中国家的金融服务贸易自由化

本文建立了一个金融服务贸易保护的政治经济模型，模型中明确将未来市场准入交换的可能性作为金融服务贸易政策选择的一个重要决定因素。研究表明，和商品贸易一样，服务贸易政策选择也在很大程度上受到利益分配的影响。政府的金融自由化决策需要在国内银行的利益与社会的福利之间进行权衡。此外，在存在多部门谈判的情况下，保留对金融服务贸易自由化的承诺可以作为今后市场准入交换谈判中讨价还价的筹码。本文的结论是，对发达国家来讲，要想得到发展中国家在金融服务贸易方面进一步自由化的承诺，必须减少其自身在农业、纺织品及其他涉及发展中国家出口利益方面的市场保护。     

论国际服务贸易自由化与中国服务业的对外开放

当前国际服务贸易自由化趋势已成为强劲的时代潮流。在此背景下,中国应如何开放服务业以把握机遇,又该如何实行适度保护以规避风险,这些都是亟待解决的问题。文中首先分析了国际服务贸易自由化对中国服务业和服务贸易的影响,继而提出了中国服务业实现对外开放的模式、原则及策略。     

拓展中国服务贸易市场的思路与对策

服务业和服务贸易在我国国民经济中的比重逐年上升,引起了人们的高度关注。但与西方发达国家相比,我国国际服务贸易发展水平还较低,其竞争力还有待提高。文中分析了我国服务业、服务贸易发展的基本状况和存在的主要问题,提出了在贸易自由化背景下拓展我国国际服务贸易市场的思路和对策。     

浅谈中国国际贸易政策

自中国加入WTO后,国际经济竞争逐渐激烈,贸易自由化的同时,国家保护主义也呈现出新的形式。面对各国对中国企业的贸易保护主义攻击,中国必须制定一套正确的、有效的国际贸易政策,以维护中国企业、产业、经济的发展。     

上市公司控制权转移中的投资者保护研究

自中国加入WTO后,国际经济竞争逐渐激烈,贸易自由化的同时,国家保护主义也呈现出新的形式。面对各国对中国企业的贸易保护主义攻击,中国必须制定一套正确的、有效的国际贸易政策,以维护中国企业、产业、经济的发展。     

浅析我国的对外贸易选择——从斯密的自由贸易理论与李斯特的保护贸易理论角度

在经济全球化进程加速的今天,面对错综复杂的国际环境,在贸易自由化进程中,应充分考虑国家的整体利益和根本需要并把握一个合理的度,遵从贸易自由理论的历史性,从而选择合适的对外贸易政策。     

从香港税制探讨对海南自贸港税制建设的几点借鉴

香港特别行政区(以下称“香港”)以自由贸易、低税率及少政府干预而著称,是东亚主要的国际贸易中心、离岸人民币业务中心、金融中心及国际航运中心,与新加坡、迪拜港共同被称为“全球三大自由贸易港”。“十九大”报告中,习总书记提出“探索建设自由贸易港”,后续又圈定海南全岛建设自贸区和中国特色自由贸易港。论文通过研究香港税制,分析香港税制中鼓励自由贸易的独特设计,提出海南自贸港税制设计时可借鉴的方案。     

贸易同盟、二元扩张与中国出口的双重优势

本研究基于异质性理论考察关税减免的贸易二元边际扩张效应,通过GTAP软件研究中国内地与香港双边贸易CEPA协议的远期效应,结果发现两地市场充分自由化后CEPA发挥了同盟区的贸易创造效应,内地对港贸易的二元边际保持明显的增长收益,其中外延边际更为显著。研究还发现低替代弹性产品越能够获得自由化的贸易收益,这显示我国内陆企业具有充分的差异化（多样性）国际竞争优势。研究表明市场自由化的国际区域性同盟可成为维持和发挥我国出口贸易“双重大国优势”的新来源。     

试论我国实施贸易调整援助制度的潜在问题与风险

近年来,经济全球化和贸易自由化对我国经济产生了一定冲击,金融危机以后我国面临着更为严峻的外贸形势,而我国现有的贸易救济制度又存在着诸多不足,因此我国实施贸易调整援助制度是十分必要的。我国实施贸易调整援助的目的是恢复和提高企业竞争力,提高资源的配置效率和维护社会稳定。但是在当前的社会经济条件下,我国实施贸易调整援助制度仍然存在一些潜在的问题和风险,主要包括制度缺陷风险、经济冲击风险、贸易摩擦风险和资金风险。我国政府需要科学、有序地制定实施方案,以防范风险,实现政策实施的最大效用。     

Does digital service trade boost technological innovation?: International evidence

Digital technology is profoundly changing the international economic and trade pattern, and digital service trade is increasingly becoming an important carrier of transnational knowledge spillover. This study investigates the relationship between digital service trade and technological innovation. Based on the panel data of 131 countries from 2005 to 2020, empirical results show that digital service trade significantly promotes technological innovation. This study shows that digital service trade can promote technological innovation through four mechanisms: increasing income incentives, accelerating knowledge spillover, triggering trade liberalization, and promoting financial deepening. The results of panel threshold model show that economic development, urbanization, and population aging can lead to regime changes in the innovation effect of digital service trade. In addition, the results of heterogeneity test show that national characteristics such as economic development, per capita income, industrialization, and economic freedom, influence the innovation effect of digital service trade. Our findings have implications for developing an international innovation cooperation system based on digital service trade.     

创新检验检疫 积极应对后危机时代技术贸易壁垒

随着经济全球化和贸易自由化进程的加快,关税壁垒作用日益减弱,技术性贸易措施成为更隐蔽、更难以对付的贸易壁垒,成为各国保护产业和促进对外贸易发展的重要手段,也对我国对外贸易健康发展造成了极大的阻碍。作为站在国家贸易最前沿的以技术为依托的检验检疫部门,在新的形势下,如何发挥自身优势,采取扎实有效的应对措施,打破国外技术壁垒,将技术性壁垒给我国出口贸易造成的损害最小化,促进我国对外贸易的健康发展,是本文讨论的重点。     

Family-friendly policies in the workplace and their effect on work–life conflicts in Hong Kong

As in many other big cities, employees in Hong Kong face competing demands from their work and family and are under a tremendous conflict between work and life. Recently, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government has put a lot of effort into promoting family-friendly policies, but the availability and effectiveness of these policies are largely unknown. The social distribution of work–life conflicts across social status and the dimensions of stratification in Hong Kong have already been documented. This paper examines these issues by way of a telephone survey of over 1000 employees in Hong Kong. We argue that certain groups of workers are particularly vulnerable to work–life conflicts, and target interventions must be devised to address their needs. Moreover, we also suggest that a regulatory approach to implementing family-friendly policies must be undertaken once implementation on a voluntary basis has failed, owing to the low availability of family-friendly policies in the Hong Kong workplace. Lastly, we show the effectiveness of three measures – namely flexible work time, a five-day work week and career breaks – in reducing both work–life conflicts and their negative consequences. We argue that more rigorous randomized intervention must be undertaken to provide more conclusive evidence so as to convince employers to implement these policies in their enterprises.     

Outsourcing and trade in a spatial world

This paper provides an analysis of outsourcing and trade in a spatial model à la Hotelling. In this setting, we discuss the trade-off between transport-cost-related disadvantages and outsourcing-related production cost advantages of a large economy and we investigate how the existence of national transport costs influences both the structure of industrial production and the pattern of final goods trade. In addition, the model gives a rich picture of the possible welfare effects of trade liberalization. In particular, we show that a final goods exporting country definitely gains from economic integration, while a final goods importing country may lose. Finally, when lowering domestic outsourcing activities, trade liberalization may reduce world welfare, even if pro-competitive effects lead to a decline in consumer prices.     

Agricultural Trade Liberalization in a Computable General Equilibrium Framework for the Philippines

A bi-regional and multi-market computable general equilibrium model that focuses on the agricultural sector of the Philippines' economy in 1987 is constructed. This paper presents the basic structure of the model and carries out some cost-benefit analyses to assess the impact of alternative trade reform policies on the economy. It is found that various liberalization policies can produce large benefits, but any single policy implemented separately may incur intolerable costs. However, a combination of trade liberalization and currency devaluation, coupled with target income support and income tax reform, can achieve balanced results that are beneficial to the economy without worsening income distribution and food consumption of the poor.     

Bilateral trade between India and Bangladesh: A general equilibrium approach

India and Bangladesh have pursued policies of trade liberalization since the early 1990s. However, owing to the differential speeds of opening up, Bangladesh's bilateral trade deficit with India widened substantially over the years. This aggravated the economic and the political tensions between the economies. It has been held that promotion of free trade between the two economies may enhance the trade and hence economic cooperation between them. Against this backdrop the present paper proposes a theoretical framework that provides a general equilibrium determination of the commodity pattern of trade and hence locates the comparative advantages of the economies. The empirical implementation of the model considers trade in 25 sectors comparable in the input–output tables of the economies. The study isolates the gains from free trade accruing to either economy. The paper also explores the pattern of bilateral trade when each economy produces goods by utilizing their own as well as the other country's technology. The gains from this trading arrangement are also isolated.