对金融支持西部开发的几点思考

实施西部大开发战略,西部金融业面临着十分严峻的挑战:一是西部开发与资金紧缺的矛盾.二是经济开发与投资硬环境的矛盾.三是西部地区大开发与金融政策统一的矛盾.因此,国家应实行优惠金融政策,创造宽松金融环境.     

我国金融税制的问题分析及改革对策

税收对于金融业发展的作用是相当重要的。随着经济和社会的发展和竞争环境的改变,中国金融业遇到了前所未有的竞争。中国金融税制存在的问题,尤其是与国际上通行的税制不接轨的矛盾日益突出,影响了中国金融业的发展。本文针对我国金融税制的现状及存在的问题进行分析,并对完善我国金融税制提出了一些对策建议。     

迎难而上 不断提高金融服务水平

过去的一年，中国经济已出现了重大转机。同时，我们应该看到经济运行中仍存在着一些薄弱环节，经济生活中的一些深层次矛盾和问题并没有得到根本解决，而国民经济的快速健康发展又有赖于逐步破解这些深层次矛盾。这预示着今年的中国经济仍然是继续迎难而上的局面。经济与金融关系密切，也意味着金融业面临着新的挑战和机遇。必须坚定不移地加强农业的基础地位，切实解决农村面临的突出问题，确保农业发展、农民增收和农村稳定，这是“十五”计划的重大部署，也是顺利实施“十五”计划的重要保证。需要金融业去积极探索适应农村经济发展要求…     

金融业企业划型标准研究

科学合理的金融业企业划型标准对有效监管金融业企业、推动相关政策实施和对执行效果进行有效评估、推进和实施金融业综合统计制度、更好地服务于货币政策与金融稳定的落实有重要的意义。本研究对我国现行金融业企业划型标准实施背景和划型标准规定进行了分析梳理,对目前我国金融业企业划型标准所存在的与经济金融发展不相适应、与金融监管部门的金融业企业分类对接不畅、与现行国民经济行业相关分类出现矛盾、划型方法的科学性不足等问题,文章立足金融业企业划型标准和金融业综合统计的实践,通过定量和定性的调研分析,提出金融业企业合理划型标准方案设计政策建议。     

金融业与供给侧结构性改革的双向互动

改革开放30余年,中国经济持续快速发展,现如今我国已成为中等收入国家以及世界第二大经济体。自2015年以来,中国经济进入新的历史发展阶段。供给侧结构性改革的提出顺应了我国经济新常态的现实情况。金融行业作为现代经济的核心,应为实体经济领域的供给侧结构性改革助力,同时金融业自身的供给需求矛盾也应当得到解决。文章从供给侧结构性改革的提出背景、国际经验出发,对金融业与供给侧结构性改革的双向互动关系展开了讨论,并针对金融业在经济新常态下的发展方向提出了相关建议。     

社会主义初级阶段金融业的基本特征

我国金融业是建立在商品经济低层次和社会生产关系高层次这种极不协调的基础上,由此产生了我国金融业的特有矛盾性:间接调控机制的最大效应和直接调控机制的快速效应,使我国金融宏观调控体系表现出经济调节的自动性与行政调节的强硬性;金融业支持商品经济稳定发展的客观目的和国家银行支持政府预算的社会职能,使我国货币投放表现出经济性和非经济性;计划体系中实施综合平衡对高度集中统一的要求和市场体系中优胜劣汰的规律,使我国在贷款发放中表现出计划性和市场性;政府操纵金融的习惯和银行管理银行的意识,使我国金融机构表现出单一性和多样性;国家对银行的要求和银行对国家的希望,使我国在衡量金融效益上表现为社会性与自身性等矛盾和摩擦。这些矛盾与摩擦构成初级阶段金融业的基本特征:(1)银行职能的双重。从中央银行看,兼有宏观管理和货币经营两种职     

业界大事

6月24日,中国人民银行发布了《2013中国区域金融运行报告》。报告指出,2013年,各地区着力推进经济结构调整和转型升级,区域协调发展趋势增强。货币信贷和社会融资总量平稳增长,金融服务实体经济的能力和水平提升。金融业运行总体稳健,区域金融改革深入推进。2013年我国经济运行总体平稳,但也面临着经济与金融数据不同步、经济结构性矛盾较为突出、国际经济和政策变化不确定性较大等问题。     

和谐金融内涵探析

金融是现代经济的核心,是社会经济体系中的一个子系统。我国金融业已初步形成了一个与社会主义市场经济相适应的的金融体系,在融通社会资金、支持国民经济高速发展中发挥了重要作用。但在改革与发展的过程中,金融业也积累了许多与社会、经济发展不协调、不适应的问题和矛盾。因此,探讨和谐金融的内涵,构建和谐金融体系是我们面临的重要课题。     

简析我国金融会计风险防范体系的建立

伴随着经济的全球化,世界经济正在以惊人的速度发展,金融业作为一个全球性发展的热点,各国的金融业都面临着极大的机遇和挑战。金融行业具有高风险性,金融会计作为金融业工作的基础对于金融业的发展有重要的作用。本文通过分析我国金融会计风险的表现形式,分析了我国金融会计风险产生的原因,最后对于如何防范金融会计风险提出了一定的建议,对于金融会计风险防范体系的建立有一定的作用。     

欠发达地区金融促进经济文化生态发展的战略选择

文章分析了当前广元金融业在促进经济实现战略性调整的现实矛盾和有利条件,并提出了金融业促进广元经济文化生态发展的战略选择。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.